BDI agents for Real Time Strategy games

While the use of distributed intelligence has been incrementally spreading in the design of a great number of intelligent systems, the field of Artificial Intelligence in Real Time Strategy games has remained mostly a centralized environment. Despite turn-based games have attained AIs of world-class level, the fast paced nature of RTS games has proven to be a significant obstacle to the quality of its AIs. Chapter 1 introduces RTS games describing their characteristics, mechanics and elements. Chapter 2 introduces Multi-Agent Systems and the use of the Beliefs-Desires-Intentions abstraction, analysing the possibilities given by self-computing properties. In Chapter 3 the current state of AI development in RTS games is analyzed highlighting the struggles of the gaming industry to produce valuable. The focus on improving multiplayer experience has impacted gravely on the quality of the AIs thus leaving them with serious flaws that impair their ability to challenge and entertain players. Chapter 4 explores different aspects of AI development for RTS, evaluating the potential strengths and weaknesses of an agent-based approach and analysing which aspects can benefit the most against centralized AIs. Chapter 5 describes a generic agent-based framework for RTS games where every game entity becomes an agent, each of which having its own knowledge and set of goals. Different aspects of the game, like economy, exploration and warfare are also analysed, and some agent-based solutions are outlined. The possible exploitation of self-computing properties to efficiently organize the agents activity is then inspected. Chapter 6 presents the design and implementation of an AI for an existing Open Source game in beta development stage: 0 a.d., an historical RTS game on ancient warfare which features a modern graphical engine and evolved mechanics. The entities in the conceptual framework are implemented in a new agent-based platform seamlessly nested inside the existing game engine, called ABot, widely described in Chapters 7, 8 and 9. Chapter 10 and 11 include the design and realization of a new agent based language useful for defining behavioural modules for the agents in ABot, paving the way for a wider spectrum of contributors. Chapter 12 concludes the work analysing the outcome of tests meant to evaluate strategies, realism and pure performance, finally drawing conclusions and future works in Chapter 13.

Premio "Capitale verde europea". Studio di una politica dell'Unione europea in tema di sostenibilità ambientale con approfondimento terminologico sul minieolico.

This dissertation is divided into four chapters and combines the study of the European Green Capital Award with a terminology research on small wind turbines, a technical subject in the macro-area of sustainable cities. Chapter I aims at giving an overview of the development of environmental policies and treaties both at the international and European level. Then, after highlighting the crucial role of cities for the global environment, the chapter outlines the urban dimension of the EU environmental policies and defines the vision of a sustainable city promoted by the European Union. Chapter II contains an in-depth analysis of the European Green Capital Award and illustrates its aims, the entire designation process, its communication campaign and its evolution. Chapter III focuses on applicant, finalist and winning cities in order to study the aspect of participation in the competition. It also contains a detailed analysis of two European Green Capitals, i.e. Nantes and Bristol, who respectively won the title in 2013 and 2015. Based on a variety of sources, this chapter examines the successful aspects of their bids and communication campaigns during their year as Green Capitals. Chapter IV presents the terminology research in the field of small wind turbines and the resulting bilingual glossary in English and Italian. The research was carried out using two terminology tools: TranslatorBank and InterpretBank. The former is composed by two software programmes, CorpusCreator and MiniConcordancer DB, which were used to semi-automatically create specialized corpora from the Web and then extract terminology and occurrences of terms from the collected texts. The latter is a software which has been specifically designed for interpreters in order to help them optimize their professional workflow, from gathering information and creating glossaries on a specific subject to the actual interpreting task at a conference. InterpretBank’s tool TermMode was used to create a glossary with term equivalents and additional information such as definitions and the contexts of use.

L'impatto ambientale delle operazioni di bonifica delle acque sotterranee

Il lavoro di tesi è stato svolto presso l’azienda Ecosurvey® - 3000 Srl, con sede a Bologna. Ecosurvey® fornisce servizi e consulenze nel campo della geologia e delle scienze ambientali e opera in diversi ambiti, tra cui le bonifiche del suolo, del sottosuolo e delle acque sotterranee. L’inquinamento del suolo e del sottosuolo è, infatti, il contesto dello studio di questa tesi. Tale inquinamento è persistente: con riferimento ai fenomeni di contaminazione, il sottosuolo registra la storia industriale di un sito. L’approccio che tenta di coniugare i bisogni dell’uomo nella società con il rispetto dell’ambiente è lo sviluppo sostenibile, ovvero, secondo la World Commission on Environment and Development, uno sviluppo che soddisfa i bisogni del presente senza compromettere la possibilità delle generazioni future di soddisfare i propri. Tra i molti ambiti in cui si applica il concetto di sostenibilità, è da ricordare quello delle bonifiche dei siti contaminati. A tal proposito, l’United States Environmental Protection Agency nel 2008 ha introdotto il concetto di “green remediation” come la pratica del considerare tutti gli effetti ambientali di un’azione di bonifica, includendo nel processo opzioni in grado di minimizzarne l’impronta ambientale. Nel 2013 la società Battelle, con i servizi tecnici ambientali di U.S. Navy, e U.S. Army Corps of Engineers ha sviluppato un applicativo denominato SiteWiseTM per la valutazione degli impatti ambientali associati alle tecnologie di bonifica delle acque sotterranee. Nell’ambito di questa tesi, in riferimento ad un intervento di bonifica presso un impianto di produzione di bitumi in attività, contaminato da idrocarburi, idrocarburi aromatici e composti organo-clorurati, con l’applicativo sono stati esaminati i principali indicatori dell’impronta ecologica (emissioni di gas serra, di ossidi di azoto, di zolfo e di polveri sottili; consumi di acqua, suolo ed energia) per tre diverse opzioni di bonifica, effettuandone poi il confronto.