Analisi morfometrica classica ed EFA (Elliptic Fourier Analysis) degli otoliti del genere Mullus in Alto - Medio Adriatico.

L’obiettivo del presente lavoro di tesi è stato quello di analizzare i campioni di otoliti delle due specie del genere Mullus (Mullus barbatus e Mullus surmuletus) per mezzo dell’Analisi Ellittica di Fourier (EFA) e l’analisi di morfometria classica con gli indici di forma, al fine di verificare la simmetria tra l’otolite destro e sinistro in ognuna delle singole specie di Mullus e se varia la forma in base alla taglia dell’individuo. Con l’EFA è stato possibile mettere a confronto le forme degli otoliti facendo i confronti multipli in base alla faccia, al sesso e alla classe di taglia. Inoltre è stato fatto un confronto tra le forme degli otoliti delle due specie. Dalle analisi EFA è stato possibile anche valutare se gli esemplari raccolti appartenessero tutti al medesimo stock o a stock differenti. Gli otoliti appartengono agli esemplari di triglia catturati durante la campagna sperimentale MEDITS 2012. Per i campioni di Mullus surmuletus, data la modesta quantità, sono stati analizzati anche gli otoliti provenienti dalla campagna MEDITS 2014 e GRUND 2002. I campioni sono stati puliti e analizzati allo stereomicroscopio con telecamera e collegato ad un PC fornito di programma di analisi di immagine. Dalle analisi di morfometria classica sugli otoliti delle due specie si può sostenere che in generale vi sia una simmetria tra l’otolite destro e sinistro. Dalle analisi EFA sono state riscontrate differenze significative in tutti i confronti, anche nel confronto tra le due specie. I campioni sembrano però appartenere al medesimo stock. In conclusione si può dire che l’analisi di morfometria classica ha dato dei risultati congrui con quello che ci si aspettava. I risultati dell’analisi EFA invece hanno evidenziato delle differenze significative che dimostrano una superiore potenza discriminante. La particolare sensibilità dell’analisi dei contorni impone un controllo di qualità rigoroso durante l’acquisizione delle forme.

Study of the calibration method of pressure-velocity probes and its application in a field of progressive plane waves

This dissertation presents a calibration procedure for a pressure velocity probe. The dissertation is divided into four main chapters. The first chapter is divided into six main sections. In the firsts two, the wave equation in fluids and the velocity of sound in gases are calculated, the third section contains a general solution of the wave equation in the case of plane acoustic waves. Section four and five report the definition of the acoustic impedance and admittance, and the practical units the sound level is measured with, i.e. the decibel scale. Finally, the last section of the chapter is about the theory linked to the frequency analysis of a sound wave and includes the analysis of sound in bands and the discrete Fourier analysis, with the definition of some important functions. The second chapter describes different reference field calibration procedures that are used to calibrate the P-V probes, between them the progressive plane wave method, which is that has been used in this work. Finally, the last section of the chapter contains a description of the working principles of the two transducers that have been used, with a focus on the velocity one. The third chapter of the dissertation is devoted to the explanation of the calibration set up and the instruments used for the data acquisition and analysis. Since software routines were extremely important, this chapter includes a dedicated section on them and the proprietary routines most used are thoroughly explained. Finally, there is the description of the work that has been done, which is identified with three different phases, where the data acquired and the results obtained are presented. All the graphs and data reported were obtained through the Matlab® routine. As for the last chapter, it briefly presents all the work that has been done as well as an excursus on a new probe and on the way the procedure implemented in this dissertation could be applied in the case of a general field.

Pattern recognition methods for EMG prosthetic control

In this work we focus on pattern recognition methods related to EMG upper-limb prosthetic control. After giving a detailed review of the most widely used classification methods, we propose a new classification approach. It comes as a result of comparison in the Fourier analysis between able-bodied and trans-radial amputee subjects. We thus suggest a different classification method which considers each surface electrodes contribute separately, together with five time domain features, obtaining an average classification accuracy equals to 75% on a sample of trans-radial amputees. We propose an automatic feature selection procedure as a minimization problem in order to improve the method and its robustness.

Development and testing of a Fourier trasform based experimental system for Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analysis tests

Altough nowadays DMTA is one of the most used techniques to characterize polymers thermo-mechanical behaviour, it is only effective for small amplitude oscillatory tests and limited to a single frequency analysis (linear regime). In this thesis work a Fourier transform based experimental system has proven to give hint on structural and chemical changes in specimens during large amplitude oscillatory tests exploiting multi frequency spectral analysis turning out in a more sensitive tool than classical linear approach. The test campaign has been focused on three test typologies: Strain sweep tests, Damage investigation and temperature sweep tests.

Dynamic characterisation of four nine-story large-panel R.C. buildings in Bishkek (Kyrgyzstan): A comparison between experimental ambient vibration analysis and numerical finite element modeling

With the outlook of improving seismic vulnerability assessment for the city of Bishkek (Kyrgyzstan), the global dynamic behaviour of four nine-storey r.c. large-panel buildings in elastic regime is studied. The four buildings were built during the Soviet era within a serial production system. Since they all belong to the same series, they have very similar geometries both in plan and in height. Firstly, ambient vibration measurements are performed in the four buildings. The data analysis composed of discrete Fourier transform, modal analysis (frequency domain decomposition) and deconvolution interferometry, yields the modal characteristics and an estimate of the linear impulse response function for the structures of the four buildings. Then, finite element models are set up for all four buildings and the results of the numerical modal analysis are compared with the experimental ones. The numerical models are finally calibrated considering the first three global modes and their results match the experimental ones with an error of less then 20%.