Structural steel design with BIM technology - interventions on a three buildings block in Deruta (PG)

The aim of this thesis is to use the developments, advantages and applications of "Building Information Modelling" (BIM) with emphasis on the discipline of structural design for steel building located in Perugia. BIM was mainly considered as a new way of planning, constructing and operating buildings or infrastructures. It has been found to offer greater opportunities for increased efficiency, optimization of resources and generally better management throughout the life cycle of a facility. BIM increases the digitalization of processes and offers integrated and collaborative technologies for design, construction and operation. To understand BIM and its benefits, one must consider all phases of a project. Higher initial design costs often lead to lower construction and operation costs. Creating data-rich digital models helps to better predict and coordinate the construction phases and operation of a building. One of the main limitations identified in the implementation of BIM is the lack of knowledge and qualified professionals. Certain disciplines such as structural and mechanical design depend on whether the main contractor, owner, general contractor or architect need to use or apply BIM to their projects. The existence of a supporting or mandatory BIM guideline may then eventually lead to its adoption. To test the potential of the BIM adoption in the steel design process, some models were developed taking advantage of a largely diffuse authoring software (Autodesk Revit), to produce construction drawings and also material schedule that were needed in order to estimate quantities and features of a real steel building. Once the model has been built the whole process has been analyzed and then compared with the traditional design process of steel structure. Many relevant aspect in term of clearness and also in time spent were shown and lead to final conclusions about the benefits from BIM methodology.

From point cloud to HBIM: an integrated workflow for 3D reconstruction of heritage building with model accuracy evaluation

Modern society is now facing significant difficulties in attempting to preserve its architectural heritage. Numerous challenges arise consequently when it comes to documentation, preservation and restoration. Fortunately, new perspectives on architectural heritage are emerging owing to the rapid development of digitalization. Therefore, this presents new challenges for architects, restorers and specialists. Additionally, this has changed the way they approach the study of existing heritage, changing from conventional 2D drawings in response to the increasing requirement for 3D representations. Recently, Building Information Modelling for historic buildings (HBIM) has escalated as an emerging trend to interconnect geometrical and informational data. Currently, the latest 3D geomatics techniques based on 3D laser scanners with enhanced photogrammetry along with the continuous improvement in the BIM industry allow for an enhanced 3D digital reconstruction of historical and existing buildings. This research study aimed to develop an integrated workflow for the 3D digital reconstruction of heritage buildings starting from a point cloud. The Pieve of San Michele in Acerboli’s Church in Santarcangelo Di Romagna (6th century) served as the test bed. The point cloud was utilized as an essential referential to model the BIM geometry using Autodesk Revit® 2022. To validate the accuracy of the model, Deviation Analysis Method was employed using CloudCompare software to determine the degree of deviation between the HBIM model and the point cloud. The acquired findings showed a very promising outcome in the average distance between the HBIM model and the point cloud. The conducted approach in this study demonstrated the viability of producing a precise BIM geometry from point clouds.

Comparison between 5G private network and Wifi6 in industrial environment

Industry 4.0 refers to the 4th industrial revolution and at its bases, we can see the digitalization and the automation of the assembly line. The whole production process has improved and evolved thanks to the advances made in networking, and AI studies, which include of course machine learning, cloud computing, IoT, and other technologies that are finally being implemented into the industrial scenario. All these technologies have in common a need for faster, more secure, robust, and reliable communication. One of the many solutions for these demands is the use of mobile communication technologies in the industrial environment, but which technology is better suited for these demands? Of course, the answer isn’t as simple as it seems. The 4th industrial revolution has a never seen incomparable potential with respect to the previous ones, every factory, enterprise, or company have different network demands, and even in each of these infrastructures, the demands may diversify by sector, or by application. For example, in the health care industry, there may be e a need for increased bandwidth for the analysis of high-definition videos or, faster speeds in order to have analytics occur in real-time, and again another application might be higher security and reliability to protect patients’ data. As seen above, choosing the right technology for the right environment and application, considers many things, and the ones just stated are but a speck of dust with respect to the overall picture. In this thesis, we will investigate a comparison between the use of two of the available technologies in use for the industrial environment: Wi-Fi 6 and 5G Private Networks in the specific case of a steel factory.

Augmented Reality for Airport Control Tower: Analysis and Implementation of Safety Nets

With the development of new technologies, Air Traffic Control, in the nearby of the airport, switched from a purely visual control to the use of radar, sensors and so on. As the industry is switching to the so-called Industry 4.0, also in this frame, it would be possible to implement some of the new tools that can facilitate the work of Air Traffic Controllers. The European Union proposed an innovative project to help the digitalization of the European Sky by means of the Single European Sky ATM Research (SESAR) program, which is the foundation on which the Single European Sky (SES) is based, in order to improve the already existing technologies to transform Air Traffic Management in Europe. Within this frame, the Resilient Synthetic Vision for Advanced Control Tower Air Navigation Service Provision (RETINA) project, which saw the light in 2016, studied the possibility to apply new tools within the conventional control tower to reduce the air traffic controller workload, thanks to the improvements in the augmented reality technologies. After the validation of RETINA, the Digital Technologies for Tower (DTT) project was established and the solution proposed by the University of Bologna aimed, among other things, to introduce Safety Nets in a Head-Up visualization. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the Safety Nets in use within the control tower and, by developing a working concept, implement them in a Head-Up view to be tested by Air Traffic Control Operators (ATCOs). The results, coming from the technical test, show that this concept is working and it could be leading to a future implementation in a real environment, as it improves the air traffic controller working conditions also when low visibility conditions apply.