Charge and spin transport in memristive La0.7Sr0.3Mno3/SrTiO3/Co devices

Il lavoro svolto si concentra sul trasporto di carica e spin in dispositivi trilayer La0.7Sr0.3MnO3/SrTiO3/Co multifunzionali. Questi dispositivi mostrano sia magnetoresistenza che resistive switching, con un'interessante interazione fra i due effetti. Le giunzioni SrTiO3 sono state scelte per questo lavoro sia per via dei precedenti studi su SrTiO3 come barriera in dispositivi spintronici (cioè dispositivi con magnetoresistenza), sia perché sono promettenti come materiale base per costruire memristor (cioè dispositivi con resistive switching). Il lavoro di tesi è stato svolto all'Istituto per lo studio dei materiali nanostrutturati (ISMN-CNR) a Bologna. Nella prima parte di questa tesi illustrerò la fisica dietro al resistive switching e alla magnetoresistenza di dispositivi trilayer, mostrando anche risultati di studi su dispositivi simili a quelli da me studiati. Nella seconda parte mostrerò la complessa fisica degli ossidi utilizzati nei nostri dispositivi e i possibili meccanismi di trasporto attraverso essi. Nell'ultima parte descriverò i risultati ottenuti. I dispositivi La0.7Sr0.3MnO3/SrTiO3/Co sono stati studiati tramite caratterizzazione elettrica, di magnetotrasporto e con spettroscopia di impedenza. Le misure ottenute hanno mostrato una fisica molto ricca dietro al trasporto di spin e carica in questi dispositivi, e la mutua interazione fra fenomeni spintronici e di resistive switching rappresenta una chiave per comprendere la fisica di questi fenomeni. Analisi dati della dipendenza della resistenza della temperature e caratteristiche corrente-tensioni saranno usati per quantificare e descrivere il trasporto in questi dispositivi.

Space charge and dielectric response measurements to assess insulation aging of low-voltage cables used in nuclear power plants

The current design life of nuclear power plant (NPP) could potentially be extended to 80 years. During this extended plant life, all safety and operationally relevant Instrumentation & Control (I&C) systems are required to meet their designed performance requirements to ensure safe and reliable operation of the NPP, both during normal operation and subsequent to design base events. This in turn requires an adequate and documented qualification and aging management program. It is known that electrical insulation of I&C cables used in safety related circuits can degrade during their life, due to the aging effect of environmental stresses, such as temperature, radiation, vibration, etc., particularly if located in the containment area of the NPP. Thus several condition monitoring techniques are required to assess the state of the insulation. Such techniques can be used to establish a residual lifetime, based on the relationship between condition indicators and ageing stresses, hence, to support a preventive and effective maintenance program. The object of this thesis is to investigate potential electrical aging indicators (diagnostic markers) testing various I&C cable insulations subjected to an accelerated multi-stress (thermal and radiation) aging.

Su(3) lattice gauge theories and spin chains

I modelli su reticolo con simmetrie SU(n) sono attualmente oggetto di studio sia dal punto di vista sperimentale, sia dal punto di vista teorico; particolare impulso alla ricerca in questo campo è stato dato dai recenti sviluppi in campo sperimentale per quanto riguarda la tecnica dell’intrappolamento di atomi ultrafreddi in un reticolo ottico. In questa tesi viene studiata, sia con tecniche analitiche sia con simulazioni numeriche, la generalizzazione del modello di Heisenberg su reticolo monodimensionale a simmetria SU(3). In particolare, viene proposto un mapping tra il modello di Heisenberg SU(3) e l’Hamiltoniana con simmetria SU(2) bilineare-biquadratica con spin 1. Vengono inoltre presentati nuovi risultati numerici ottenuti con l’algoritmo DMRG che confermano le previsioni teoriche in letteratura sul modello in esame. Infine è proposto un approccio per la formulazione della funzione di partizione dell’Hamiltoniana bilineare-biquadratica a spin-1 servendosi degli stati coerenti per SU(3).

Double-stimulus sensitive (temperature and pH) self-assemblable polymers

The rheological properties of block co-polymers in water solution at different pH have been investigated. The block copolymers are based on different architectures containing poly(ethylene glycol), poly(propylene glycol) and different blocks of polymer that change their hydrophobic/hydrophilic behavior as a function of pH. The polymer chains of the starting material were extended at their functional ends with the pH-sensitive units using ATRP; this mechanism of controlled radical polymerization was chosen because of the need to minimize polydispersity and avoid transfer reactions possibly leading to homopolymeric inpurities. The starting material were modified in order to use them as macroinitiator for ATRP. The kinetic of each ATRP reaction has been investigated, in order to be able to synthesize polymers with different degree of polymerization, stopping the reaction when the desired polymers chain length has been reached. We will use polymer chains with different basicity and degree of polymerization to link any possible effect of their presence to the conditions under which they become hydrophobic. It has been shown that the rate of polymerization changes changing the type of macroinitiator and the type of monomer synthesized. The slowest rate of polymerization is the one with the most hindered monomer synthesized using the macroinitiator with the highest molecular weight. The water solubility of the synthesized polymers changes depending on the pH of the solution and on the structure of the polymers. It has been shown using 1H-NMR that some of the synthesized polymers are capable to self-aggregation in water solution. The self-aggregation and the type of aggregation is influenced from the structure of the polymer and from the pH of the solution. Changing the structure of the polymers and the pH it is possible to obtain different type of aggregates in solution. This aggregates differ for the volume occupied from them, and for their hardness. Rheological measurements have been demonstrated that the synthesized polymers are capable to form gel phases. The gelation temperature changes changing the structure of the aggregates in solution and it is possible to correlate the changing in the gelation temperature with the changing in the structure of the polymer.

Design and Implementation of Single phase 230V to Three Phase Inverter Based on the Embedded System STM-32 Applied to motor control

In the field of Power Electronics, several types of motor control systems have been developed using STM microcontroller and power boards. In both industrial power applications and domestic appliances, power electronic inverters are widely used. Inverters are used to control the torque, speed, and position of the rotor in AC motor drives. An inverter delivers constant-voltage and constant-frequency power in uninterruptible power sources. Because inverter power supplies have a high-power consumption and low transfer efficiency rate, a three-phase sine wave AC power supply was created using the embedded system STM32, which has low power consumption and efficient speed. It has the capacity of output frequency of 50 Hz and the RMS of line voltage. STM32 embedded based Inverter is a power supply that integrates, reduced, and optimized the power electronics application that require hardware system, software, and application solution, including power architecture, techniques, and tools, approaches capable of performance on devices and equipment. Power inverters are currently used and implemented in green energy power system with low energy system such as sensors or microcontroller to perform the operating function of motors and pumps. STM based power inverter is efficient, less cost and reliable. My thesis work was based on STM motor drives and control system which can be implemented in a gas analyser for operating the pumps and motors. It has been widely applied in various engineering sectors due to its ability to respond to adverse structural changes and improved structural reliability. The present research was designed to use STM Inverter board on low power MCU such as NUCLEO with some practical examples such as Blinking LED, and PWM. Then we have implemented a three phase Inverter model with Steval-IPM08B board, which converter single phase 230V AC input to three phase 380 V AC output, the output will be useful for operating the induction motor.