Oltre il postmodernismo: L'opera di David Foster Wallace tra autoriflessivita' e realismo

La presente ricerca si propone di delineare un orizzonte critico e filosofico che permetta di ridefinire il concetto di postmodernismo in America alla fine del XX secolo e, a partire dagli anni Novanta del Novecento, il tentativo di un suo superamento da parte della letteratura contemporanea. L’analisi si focalizza sull’opera dello scrittore David Foster Wallace che esemplifica le contraddizioni interne al postmodernismo e mostra il passaggio cruciale dal postmodernismo a una non-ancora-ben-definita letteratura contemporanea. Muovendosi in un’ottica interdisciplinare e comparata, la tesi si propone di mostrare come Wallace, riprendendo la metariflessività e alcune opere di scrittori postmodernisti, tenti un atto di liberazione dalle convenzioni postmoderne attraverso un «postmodern founders’ patricidal work»: un “parricidio” letterario, prima di accettazione e poi di superamento. Attraverso un percorso tematico, nonché strutturale, si cercherà dunque di porre in rilievo il recupero del realismo da parte di Wallace che, seppur nel suo breve periodo compositivo, rappresenta questa nuova direzione della letteratura americana.

Methods and tools to foster territorial approaches for the assessment of food supply chains

The challenges of the current global food systems are often framed around feeding the world's growing population while meeting sustainable development for future generations. Globalization has brought to a fragmentation of food spaces, leading to a flexible and mutable supply chain. This poses a major challenge to food and nutrition security, affecting also rural-urban dynamics in territories. Furthermore, the recent crises have highlighted the vulnerability to shocks and disruptions of the food systems and the eco-system due to the intensive management of natural, human and economic capital. Hence, a sustainable and resilient transition of the food systems is required through a multi-faceted approach that tackles the causes of unsustainability and promotes sustainable practices at all levels of the food system. In this respect, a territorial approach becomes a relevant entry point of analysis for the food system’s multifunctionality and can support the evaluation of sustainability by quantifying impacts associated with quantitative methods and understanding the territorial responsibility of different actors with qualitative ones. Against this background the present research aims to i) investigate the environmental, costing and social indicators suitable for a scoring system able to measure the integrated sustainability performance of food initiatives within the City/Region territorial context; ii) develop a territorial assessment framework to measure sustainability impacts of agricultural systems; and iii) define an integrated methodology to match production and consumption at a territorial level to foster a long-term vision of short food supply chains. From a methodological perspective, the research proposes a mixed quantitative and qualitative research method. The outcomes provide an in-depth view into the environmental and socio-economic impacts of food systems at the territorial level, investigating possible indicators, frameworks, and business strategies to foster their future sustainable development.