In defence of modeling simultaneity for a correct approximation of cultural aspects: implications for food consumers studies with latent variables

Dealing with latent constructs (loaded by reflective and congeneric measures) cross-culturally compared means studying how these unobserved variables vary, and/or covary each other, after controlling for possibly disturbing cultural forces. This yields to the so-called ‘measurement invariance’ matter that refers to the extent to which data collected by the same multi-item measurement instrument (i.e., self-reported questionnaire of items underlying common latent constructs) are comparable across different cultural environments. As a matter of fact, it would be unthinkable exploring latent variables heterogeneity (e.g., latent means; latent levels of deviations from the means (i.e., latent variances), latent levels of shared variation from the respective means (i.e., latent covariances), levels of magnitude of structural path coefficients with regard to causal relations among latent variables) across different populations without controlling for cultural bias in the underlying measures. Furthermore, it would be unrealistic to assess this latter correction without using a framework that is able to take into account all these potential cultural biases across populations simultaneously. Since the real world ‘acts’ in a simultaneous way as well. As a consequence, I, as researcher, may want to control for cultural forces hypothesizing they are all acting at the same time throughout groups of comparison and therefore examining if they are inflating or suppressing my new estimations with hierarchical nested constraints on the original estimated parameters. Multi Sample Structural Equation Modeling-based Confirmatory Factor Analysis (MS-SEM-based CFA) still represents a dominant and flexible statistical framework to work out this potential cultural bias in a simultaneous way. With this dissertation I wanted to make an attempt to introduce new viewpoints on measurement invariance handled under covariance-based SEM framework by means of a consumer behavior modeling application on functional food choices.

Erasmo come Ercole nell'adagio Herculei labores

Il lavoro consiste nella traduzione dell’adagio 2001, Herculei labores con commento delle righe 1-116, che comprendono il racconto della fatica di Ercole contro l’idra di Lerna e le interpretazioni che Erasmo ne fornisce per introdurre la filologia come impresa erculea in chiave autobiografica. L’introduzione ha lo scopo di presentare una sintesi degli elementi notevoli del commento e alcune osservazioni sull’autorappresentazione di sé dell’umanista. Erasmo fa dell’identificazione con Ercole un topos della propria descrizione in chiave ironica, ma si propone anche come emulo di Girolamo, di cui cura l’edizione delle lettere. Questo lavoro prende in considerazione infine il ritratto di Erasmo dipinto da Holbein e custodito a Longford Castle in relazione al testo dell’adagio, al quale allude con la scritta in primo piano, ΗΡΑΚΛΕΙΟΙ ΠΟΝΟΙ.

L'Insegnamento della Lingua Portoghese nelle Università Italiane

Il presente lavoro si prefigge di descrivere e analizzare la realtà dell’insegnamento della lingua portoghese nelle università italiane, con particolare attenzione alla presentazione della varietà brasiliana, nel quadro dell’educazione linguistico-culturale in senso lato. Per poter cogliere l’insieme interrelato di fattori che compongono il processo di insegnamento/apprendimento in questa specifica situazione, la ricerca si sviluppa in tre ambiti: i) riflessione sulle varietà della lingua portoghese, basata sugli studi attuali in ambito linguistico e sociolinguistico relativi all’area lusofona, mettendo a fuoco il portoghese brasiliano; ii) ricognizione dell’attuale stato dell’insegnamento del portoghese all’interno degli atenei italiani, attuata tramite una ricerca quantitativa basata su un questionario online; iii) indagine qualitativa sulle pratiche didattiche, in presenza e online, basate rispettivamente sull’analisi dei materiali didattici in uso negli atenei e sull’analisi culturale e linguistica delle interazioni fra studenti in teletandem. L’analisi dei dati ha permesso di tracciare un quadro rappresentativo dell’insegnamento del portoghese nel contesto accademico nonché di delineare percorsi formativi integrativi alle lezioni tradizionali, che mettano in evidenza lo stretto legame fra lingua e cultura, e quindi per meglio contestualizzare l’apprendimento della lingua e della cultura brasiliana in Italia.

Lipophilic nucleosides: studies toward self-assembled functional materials

Molecular self-assembly takes advantage of supramolecular non-covalent interactions (ionic, hydrophobic, van der Waals, hydrogen and coordination bonds) for the construction of organized and tunable systems. In this field, lipophilic guanosines can represent powerful building blocks thanks to their aggregation proprieties in organic solvents, which can be controlled by addition or removal of cations. For example, potassium ion can template the formation of piled G-quartets structures, while in its absence ribbon-like G aggregates are generated in solution. In this thesis we explored the possibility of using guanosines as scaffolds to direct the construction of ordered and self-assembled architectures, one of the main goals of bottom-up approach in nanotechnology. In Chapter III we will describe Langmuir-Blodgett films obtained from guanosines and other lipophilic nucleosides, revealing the “special” behavior of guanine in comparison with the other nucleobases. In Chapter IV we will report the synthesis of several thiophene-functionalized guanosines and the studies towards their possible use in organic electronics: the pre-programmed organization of terthiophene residues in ribbon aggregates could allow charge conduction through π-π stacked oligothiophene functionalities. The construction and the behavior of some simple electronic nanodevices based on these organized thiopehene-guanosine hybrids has been explored.