Manifestazioni Cranio-facciali delle Neurofibromatosi

The term neurofibromatosis (NF) subsumes at least seven different genetic disorders associated by the presence of neurofibromas located in the skin, oral cavity, visceral and skeletal level. As NF1 (Von Recklinghausen disease), one of the most common genetic diseases, can have oral manifestations, dentists have to be aware about pathognomonic features. The thesis’ target is the literature’s review on the NF1 manifestations either systemic or cefalic area and these features’ research in a specimen of 30 patients NF1 affected. NF1 is manifested in the cefalic area locating either in the jaws (isolated neurofibromas, ipoplasia or bone structures absence) or soft tissues (fibromas and neurofibromas located in: cheeck, lips, oral mucosa, tongue, mouth’s floor, gingiva and palate). Frequently, NF1 patients are affected by dental anomalies of position, number and eruption, that determinates the possibility of orthopaedic-orthodontic problems. An increased prevalence of the caries risk and a possible pulpar involvement of neurofibromas is reported. Clinical and radiographical typical signs of the disease and specific indications for the differential diagnosis with other oral pathologies are described (cysts and odontogenic tumors, periapical lesions of endodontic origin and severe parodontitis). The importance of screening programs and periodical follow-ups (biannual dental visits from the age of four years, annual X-ray checks from the age of six) is supported by the high frequency of manifestations at hard and soft tissues level of the cefalic area and by the documented risk of malignant transformation.

Sea Level Variations from Decades to Millennia: A few Case Studies

The main goals of this Ph.D. study are to investigate the regional and global geophysical components related to present polar ice melting and to provide independent cross validation checks of GIA models using both geophysical data detected by satellite mission, and geological observations from far field sites, in order to determine a lower and upper bound of uncertainty of GIA effect. The subject of this Thesis is the sea level change from decades to millennia scale. Within ice2sea collaboration, we developed a Fortran numerical code to analyze the local short-term sea level change and vertical deformation resulting from the loss of ice mass. This method is used to investigate polar regions: Greenland and Antarctica. We have used mass balance based on ICESat data for Greenland ice sheet and a plausible mass balance for Antarctic ice sheet. We have determined the regional and global fingerprint of sea level variations, vertical deformations of the solid surface of the Earth and variations of shape of the geoid for each ice source mentioned above. The coastal areas are affected by the long wavelength component of GIA process. Hence understanding the response of the Earth to loading is crucial in various contexts. Based on the hypothesis that Earth mantle materials obey to a linear rheology, and that the physical parameters of this rheology can be only characterized by their depth dependence, we investigate the Glacial Isostatic Effect upon the far field sites of Mediterranean area using an improved SELEN program. We presented new and revised observations for archaeological fish tanks located along the Tyrrhenian and Adriatic coast of Italy and new RSL for the SE Tunisia. Spatial and temporal variations of the Holocene sea levels studied in central Italy and Tunisia, provided important constraints on the melting history of the major ice sheets.

Sviluppo e validazione di indicatori di qualità dell’assistenza nell’ambito della salute mentale in Emilia-Romagna

In Italia, il processo di de-istituzionalizzazione e di implementazione di modelli di assistenza per la salute mentale sono caratterizzati da carenza di valutazione. In particolare, non sono state intraprese iniziative per monitorare le attività relative all’assistenza dei pazienti con disturbi psichiatrici. Pertanto, l’obiettivo della tesi è effettuare una valutazione comparativa dei percorsi di cura nell’ambito della salute mentale nei Dipartimenti di Salute Mentale e Dipendenze Patologiche della regione Emilia-Romagna utilizzando indicatori ottenuti dai flussi amministrativi correnti.. I dati necessari alla costruzione degli indicatori sono stati ottenuti attraverso un data linkage dei flussi amministrativi correnti regionali delle schede di dimissione ospedaliera, delle attività territoriali dei Centri di Salute Mentale e delle prescrizioni farmaceutiche, con riferimento all’anno 2010. Gli indicatori sono stati predisposti per tutti i pazienti con diagnosi principale psichiatrica e poi suddivisi per categoria diagnostica in base al ICD9-CM. . Il set di indicatori esaminato comprende i tassi di prevalenza trattata e di incidenza dei disturbi mentali, i tassi di ospedalizzazione, la ri-ospedalizzazione a 7 e 30 giorni dalla dimissione dai reparti psichiatrici, la continuità assistenziale ospedale-territorio, l’adesione ai trattamenti ed il consumo e appropriatezza prescrittiva di farmaci. Sono state rilevate alcune problematiche nella ricostruzione della continuità assistenziale ospedale-territorio ed alcuni limiti degli indicatori relativi alle prescrizioni dei farmaci. Il calcolo degli indicatori basato sui flussi amministrativi correnti si presenta fattibile, pur con i limiti legati alla qualità, completezza ed accuratezza dei dati presenti. L’implementazione di questi indicatori su larga scala (regionale e nazionale) e su base regolare può essere una opportunità per impostare un sistema di sorveglianza, monitoraggio e valutazione dell’assistenza psichiatrica nei DSM.

Certificates for Incremental Type Checking

The central topic of this thesis is the study of algorithms for type checking, both from the programming language and from the proof-theoretic point of view. A type checking algorithm takes a program or a proof, represented as a syntactical object, and checks its validity with respect to a specification or a statement. It is a central piece of compilers and proof assistants. We postulate that since type checkers are at the interface between proof theory and program theory, their study can let these two fields mutually enrich each other. We argue by two main instances: first, starting from the problem of proof reuse, we develop an incremental type checker; secondly, starting from a type checking program, we evidence a novel correspondence between natural deduction and the sequent calculus.

Development of guidelines for microbiological control in microbrewery

Over the past 15 years the Italian brewing scene showed interesting changes, especially with regard to the creation of many breweries with an annual production of less than 10,000 hectoliters. The beers produced by microbreweries are very susceptible to attack by spoilage micro-organisms that cause the deterioration of beer quality characteristics. In addition, most of the microbreweries do not practice heat treatments of stabilization and do not carry out quality checks on the product. The high presence of beer spoilage bacteria is an economic problem for the brewing industry because it can damage the brand and it causes high costs of product retrieval. This thesis project was aimed to study the management of the production process in the Italian microbreweries within a production less than 10,000 hl. In particular, the annual production, type of plant, yeast management, process management, cleaning and sanitizing of a representative sample of microbreweries were investigated. Furthermore was made a collection of samples in order to identify, with simple methods, what are spoilage bacteria more present in the Italian craft beers. 21% of the beers analysed were positive at the presence of lactic acid bacteria. These analytical data show the importance of understanding what are the weak points of the production process that cause the development of spoilage bacteria. Finally, the thesis examined the actual production of two microbreweries in order to understand the process management that can promote the growth of spoilage bacteria in beer and production plant. The analysis of the data for the two case studies was helpful to understand what are the critical points where the microorganisms are most frequently in contact with the product. The hygiene practices are crucial to ensure the quality of the finished product, especially in the case of non-pasteurized beer.