Anaerobic energy provision does not limit Wingate exercise performance in endurance-trained cyclists

[EN] The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of severe acute hypoxia on exercise performance and metabolism during 30-s Wingate tests. Five endurance- (E) and five sprint- (S) trained track cyclists from the Spanish National Team performed 30-s Wingate tests in normoxia and hypoxia (inspired O(2) fraction = 0.10). Oxygen deficit was estimated from submaximal cycling economy tests by use of a nonlinear model. E cyclists showed higher maximal O(2) uptake than S (72 +/- 1 and 62 +/- 2 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1), P < 0.05). S cyclists achieved higher peak and mean power output, and 33% larger oxygen deficit than E (P < 0.05). During the Wingate test in normoxia, S relied more on anaerobic energy sources than E (P < 0.05); however, S showed a larger fatigue index in both conditions (P < 0.05). Compared with normoxia, hypoxia lowered O(2) uptake by 16% in E and S (P < 0.05). Peak power output, fatigue index, and exercise femoral vein blood lactate concentration were not altered by hypoxia in any group. Endurance cyclists, unlike S, maintained their mean power output in hypoxia by increasing their anaerobic energy production, as shown by 7% greater oxygen deficit and 11% higher postexercise lactate concentration. In conclusion, performance during 30-s Wingate tests in severe acute hypoxia is maintained or barely reduced owing to the enhancement of the anaerobic energy release. The effect of severe acute hypoxia on supramaximal exercise performance depends on training background.

Eliminación de microcontaminantes orgánicos mediante tratamientos avanzados para un uso potable indirecto de aguas regeneradas

[ES]En este trabajo se ha evaluado la utilización de procesos avanzados en la obtención de agua regenerada para un uso potable indirecto. Se ha investigado la eficacia de procesos de oxidación avanzada (UV/H2O2) y (UV/TiO2), así como de adsorción sobre carbón activado, en la eliminación de 23 fármacos presentes habitualmente en aguas tratadas por tratamientos convencionales en EDAR urbanas, en concentraciones del orden de ng/L. El tratamiento con UVC y H2O2 resultó ser más eficiente que la fotocatálisis con TiO 2, ya que elimina el 100% de los fármacos estudiados. La presencia de materia orgánica y bicarbonato en agua microfiltrada procedente de un tratamient o de lodos activados, limitan la aplicación de la fotocatálisis heterogénea debido al envenenamiento de la superficie del catalizador así como a una competencia de los componentes del agua y los contaminantes en las reacciones con las especies oxidantes generada.