60 resultados para Sparus auratus


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Se han eliminado páginas en blanco por lo que la paginación puede variar con respecto al índice

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[ES] Se estudia la utilización nutritiva de niveles crecientes de cuatro fuentes proteicas, harina de soja, de altramuz, harina de gluten de maíz y harina de carne y huesos, alternativas a la harina de pescado en dietas de engorde para dorada, especie que junto con la lubina ha experimentado uno de los mayores índices de crecimiento en el terreno de la acuicultura en los últimos 20 años en Europa

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[EN]Most marine fish larvae require high amounts of n-3 HUFA (highly unsaturated fatty acids) such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (Watanabe, 1982; Izquierdo, 1996). Fish larvae tissue lipids are also very high in n-3 HUFA, what implies a higher risk of peroxidation (Sargent et al. 1999) and cellular damage (Kanazawa, 1991), requiring then antioxidants to protect them intra- and extra-cellularly from free radical compounds. Vitamin E (Vit E) functions as a chain breaking antioxidant, reacting with the lipid peroxide radical produced and preventing the further reaction with a new PUFA. Hence their requirements are related with the dietary and tissue PUFA contents. The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of dietary Vit E on gilthead sea bream and sea bass survival, growth and stress, at different n-3 HUFA levels.

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Watanabe et al. (1991 a,b) state that, vitamin E and carotenoids perform an essential role on the quality of egg spawning. Vitamin E is one of the main nutrients for the reproduction of fish (Izquierdo et al., 2001), and it has been proved that its inclusion in diets for broodstocks favors the quality of egg spawning in several species of fish (Watanabe and Takashima,1977; Takeuchi et al., 1981; Watanabe et al., 1985, 1991 a,b; Sutjaritvongsanon, 1987; Watanabe, 1990; Schimittou, 1993; Mushiake et al., 1993; Dube, 1996; Shiranee and Natarajan, 1996; Izquierdo et al., 2001; Morehead et al., 2001; Fernández- Palacios et al., 2005). On the other hand, the carotenoids which also perform an antioxidizing function (including the protection of lipids from oxidation), have been involved in the reproductive processes of marine organisms: crustaceans (Liñan-Cabello et al., 2002), marine fish (Watanabe y Kiron, 1995; Verakunpiriya et al., 1997 a,b; Vassallo-Agius et al., 2001 a,b,c, 2002; Watanabe and Vassallo-Agius 2003) and fresh water fish (Ahmadi et al., 2006). The results of this study suggest that the recommended levels of n-3 HUFA in diets for gilthead sea bream broodstocks could be increased up to 3,5 % when supplemented jointly with carotenoids from paprika oleoresin and vitamin E, thus favoring the quality of spawning.

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Since sudden mortalities and increased skeletal deformities in gilthead seabream juveniles are currently found in production hatcheries, this study aimed to evaluate the contribution of essential fatty acids, particularly DHA over early feed quality, larval growth, survival and the apparition of skeleton abnormalities in highly commercial interest specie such as Sparus aurata. Sea bream larvae were reared under intensive conditions and fed rotifers enriched with two different enrichment emulsions differing in DHA content. Thus, essential fatty acid composition of rotifers, showed fatty acid profile of enrichment emulsions. The increase in rotifers DHA (10.0 to 25.4% TFA) were also reflected in a higher DHA content in the FA composition of larval fed this rotifers (13.0 to 20.4% TFA) when these preys were the main source of food (14dah). Survival at 50 days after hatching (13.9±4.3) and growth evolution from 3dah until day 50, were similar in both treatments, whereas bone malformations, particularly opercula reduction, and jaw deformities were higher in higher DHA rotifers fed larvae.

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[ES] La escasa disponibilidad y el alto coste del aceite de pescado han impulsado a los científicos a buscar fuentes alternativas a este recurso, como por ejemplo los aceites vegetales. En este estudio hemos evaluado el efecto de dos diferentes fuentes lipídicas vegetales (lino y soja) sobre el estado de salud de la dorada. Los resultados indicaron que tanto una elevada (70%) como la total (100%) sustitución de aceite de pescado por aceites vegetales en la dieta de juveniles de dorada influyen negativamente en el crecimiento y conversión del alimento. Todas las dietas, con excepción de la del 70% de sustitución, presentaron un menor crecimiento y un peso final significativamente menor (p< 0,05) que el control. La composición lipídica dietética se reflejó en los ácidos grasos de los macrófagos del riñón anterior, aunque se observó una incorporación selectiva de ARA y EPA. La expresión de Mx en respuesta a ambos estímulos (bacteria y Poli I: C) fue homogénea en todos los grupos, pero los niveles basales fueron más altos en los peces alimentados con dieta vegetal. Este resultado podría indicar un posible efecto beneficioso de los lípidos vegetales sobre el sistema inmune de los peces.

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Programa de doctorado en Sanidad Animal y Seguridad Alimentaria

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Máster Oficial en Cultivos Marinos. Trabajo presentado como requisito parcial para la obtención del Título de Máster Oficial en Cultivos Marinos, otorgado por la Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), el Instituto Canario de Ciencias Marinas (ICCM), y el Centro Internacional de Altos Estudios Agronómicos Mediterráneos de Zaragoza (CIHEAM)

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[ES] En este estudio, se ha protocolizado la metodología que permite la integración de la selección genética bajo los condicionantes propios del sistema de producción de dorada (Sparus aurata L.) poniéndola en práctica a nivel nacional en colaboración con seis empresas españolas. Se criaron peces descendientes de tres lotes industriales (ICCM: Canarias, CULMASUR S.A.: Andalucía, PISCIMAR S.L.: Valencia), marcados con Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT) y mezclados, en las instalaciones de cuatro centros de investigación y cuatro empresas (ICCM y CANEXMAR S.L.: Canarias; IFAPA y PIM S.A.: Andalucía; IRTA y CULTIMAR S.A.: Cataluña; IMIDA y SERVICIOS ATUNEROS DEL MEDITERRÁNEO: Murcia). Se realizaron muestreos de crecimiento de manera simultánea en las cuatro comunidades autónomas (179, 269, 389 y 539 días), además de un muestreo final de sacrificio (689 días) a talla ración donde se valoraron nuevas e importantes variables fenotípicas, tras unificar criterios. Para la determinación de las relaciones parentales-filiales se pusieron a punto nuevas PCRs múltiplex con marcadores microsatélites del mapa de dorada.

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[EN] The expression and regulation of intestinal oligopeptide transporter (PepT)-1 when vegetable sources are used as a substitute for fish meal in the diet of marine fish has not yet been explored. In the present study, as part of our ongoing work on elucidating PepT1 gene expression in relation to different dietary treatments, we have now isolated and deposited in Genbank database (accession no. GU733710) a cDNA sequence representing the PepT1 in the sea bream (Sparus aurata). The ?de novo? prediction of the three-dimensional structure of PepT1 protein is presented. We also analyzed diet-induced changes in the expression of PepT1 mRNA via real-time RT-PCR using the standard curve method. Sea bream were fed for 140 days with one of the following four diet formulations (43% protein/21% lipid): a control fast growth-promoting diet (C), and three diets with the same formulation but in which 15% of the fish meal was substituted by protein concentrates either from lupine (LPC), chick pea (CPC), or green pea (PPC). Fish fed PPC had significantly (p < 0.05) lower levels of PepT1 transcripts in the proximal intestine than the controls, whereas PepT1 transcript levels in fish fed LPC or CPC were not significantly different from the controls. Although growth was similar between fish fed with different diets during the first 72 days of feeding, growth of the fish fed with PPC was reduced during the second part of the trial and was significantly (p < 0.05) lower than fish fed LPC and CPC diets by the end of the experiment. Correlation between these results and fish growth performances highlights that the intestinal PepT1 mRNA level may serve as a useful marker of the dietary protein quality and absorption efficiency.