Las regiones de destino de las migraciones marroquíes en Europa a finales del S. XX y principios del S. XXI. Cambios demográficos, sociales y económicos en las relaciones euromarroquíes

[ES] La comunidad marroquí en el exterior se ha convertido en poco tiempo en una de las más numerosas que reside en la Unión Europea desde 1990 hasta nuestros días. Este cambio cuantitativo no es producto del azar sino de la correlación de un complejo número de factores sociales, económicos y culturales con un peso fundamental de la variable política. Estos acontecimientos que mueven a centenares de miles de personas de ambos sexos se suceden con cierta rapidez en el tiempo y tienen un impacto trascendental en los territorios y sociedades en donde acaecen. Motivo por el cual se hace necesario el estudio científico de los procesos y cambios cuantitativos y cualitativos que se están produciendo tanto en el país de origen como en los de paso y destino, así como los ingentes recursos humanos y materiales, instituciones oficiales y entidades privadas que se relacionan con estos desplazamientos.

Phytosociology of halophilic species from the genus "Tamarix L. (Tamaricaceae)" on the island of Gran Canaria

[EN] Forested Tamarix L. species found in the Canary Islands as in the Western Mediterranean Basin and the Saharo-Arabian area are included in the class Nerio-Tamaricetea within the order Tamaricetalia africanae order recognized by the Canaries that does not include Tamarix africana Poir., and the halophilic and halotolerant their communities are included in the alliance Tamaricion boveano-canariensis with the new partnership Atriplici ifniensis Tamaricetum canariensis endemic to the Canary Islands, which is also poor in the characteristic species of the class and to be defined almost exclusively for Tenerife requires a broader review.

El uso de la información genética en la gestión de la biodiversidad marina de islas oceánicas : el cangrejo moro "Grapsus adscensionis" en la Macaronesia

Máster Oficial en Gestión Costera

Reconstruction of the aquifer history of Gran Canaria

[EN]A study on the recent history and current state of the aquifer in the Island of Gran Canaria (Canary Is., 28oN, 15oW) is performed. Though rainfall is scarce on the island, traditional agricultural practices and small population were able to keep the aquifer in a constant state for centuries. Nevertheless, at the beginning of the 20th Century, culture of several water-consuming species was introduced on a commercial basis due to the relative proximity of the Canaries to continental Europe and to the possibility of more than one yearly harvest. This led to generalised well digging (more than 300m deep in many cases) and to the appearance of a chronic hydraulic deficit, as well as to spoiling vastcoastal areas of the aquifer through intrusion of brackish water. In the mid 1960’s, coincident with the apex of agricultural exploitation, massive tourism appeared in the scene. This new activity soon became a susbstitute for Agriculture, but it attracted more new labour force to the island, and a fast growth of population was the main result. Moreover, new water use practices entered the scene. As a consequence, the main causes for the aquifer decline are population growth and extensive Agriculture practices in use during the last half of the 20th Century. Some remarks on sustainability issues in order to cope with Climate Change are also offered.

Influencia de las decisiones políticas en la rentabilidad del riego de especies forrajeras con aguas regeneradas

[ES] La escasa disponibilidad de agua a bajo precio y el actual régimen de ayudas del REA, ambos decididos a nivel político, explican que el autoabastecimiento forrajero sea actualmente un objetivo inalcanzable en Canarias. El Plan de Forrajeras de Canarias pretende contrarrestar esta realidad e incrementar su nivel de autoabastecimiento. La ayuda financiera que supone el REA reduce el importe a pagar por el forraje importado frente al producto local, condicionando la adopción de decisiones por parte de los ganaderos. De acuerdo a los cálculos realizados, reutilizando el agua en lugar de verterla, el cultivo de Maralfalfa podría ser competitivo frente a la importación, siendo financieramente viable con precios del agua en un rango de 0,20-0,30 €/m3

Restos óseos de Lobos marinos en la Cueva de Villaverde (Fuerteventura)

[EN] During the archaeological excavations carried out in the Villaverde Cave sorne bone remains (left mandible fragment, proximal fragment of scapula and two left humerus) of two specimes of monk seals (Monachus cf. monachus) were found. Toe cave, which is a vokanic tunnel, was occupied during the firts Centuries of our Era by the former inhabitants of the Fuerteventura Island. Toe monk seals,named in the past in Canaries "Lobos marinos", were very numerous according to the Chronicles of the Conquerers (1404-1408) and for that reason the small island situated between Lanzarote and Fuerteventura lslands was named '"Isla de Lobos". These seals became extinct at the end of the XV Century and the remains found at Villaverde are the only ones known.

Cenozoic volcanism II: the Canary Islands

[EN] The Canarian archipelago comprises seven main volcanic islands and several islets that form a chain extending for c. 500 km across the eastern Atlantic, with its eastern edge only 100 km from the NW African coast (Fig. 18.1). The islands have had a very long volcanic history, with formations over 20 million years old cropping out in the eastern Canaries. Thus all stages of the volcanic evolution of oceanic islands, including the submarine stage as well as the deep structure of the volcanoes, can be readily observed. Rainfall and vegetation cover are relatively low, with the exception of the island of La Palma, favouring both geological observation and rock preservation. Furthermore, the absence of surface water has promoted groundwater mining by means of up to 3000 km of subhorizontal tunnels (locally known as ‘galerías’).