Parceiros no crime: o regatão e a resistência cabocla na Amazônia tradicional

O texto resgata a história do "regatão" que é um comerciante ambulante que viaja entre centros regionais e comunidades amazônicas, comercializando mercadorias para pequenos produtores caboclos e comerciantes do interior em troca de "produtos regionais" agrícolas e extrativistas. É examinado neste trabalho o papel do regatão no desenvolvimento da economia regional amazônica, concentrando-se na relação entre o regatão e o caboclo, especialmente na ação do regatão na resistência cabocla. O trabalho é dividido em quatro partes. A primeira parte examina o sistema de aviamento, a segunda descreve o papel do regatão dentro dele, a terceira analisa a relação entre o regatão e a resistência cabocla no contexto do sistema de aviamento e a quarta, a evolução do papel do regatão até o presente.

Comparison of the reliability of multifocal visual evoked cortical potentials generated by pattern reversal and pattern pulse stimulation

This study compared the effectiveness of the multifocal visual evoked cortical potentials (mfVEP) elicited by pattern pulse stimulation with that of pattern reversal in producing reliable responses (signal-to-noise ratio >1.359). Participants were 14 healthy subjects. Visual stimulation was obtained using a 60-sector dartboard display consisting of 6 concentric rings presented in either pulse or reversal mode. Each sector, consisting of 16 checks at 99% Michelson contrast and 80 cd/m2 mean luminance, was controlled by a binary m-sequence in the time domain. The signal-to-noise ratio was generally larger in the pattern reversal than in the pattern pulse mode. The number of reliable responses was similar in the central sectors for the two stimulation modes. At the periphery, pattern reversal showed a larger number of reliable responses. Pattern pulse stimuli performed similarly to pattern reversal stimuli to generate reliable waveforms in R1 and R2. The advantage of using both protocols to study mfVEP responses is their complementarity: in some patients, reliable waveforms in specific sectors may be obtained with only one of the two methods. The joint analysis of pattern reversal and pattern pulse stimuli increased the rate of reliability for central sectors by 7.14% in R1, 5.35% in R2, 4.76% in R3, 3.57% in R4, 2.97% in R5, and 1.78% in R6. From R1 to R4 the reliability to generate mfVEPs was above 70% when using both protocols. Thus, for a very high reliability and thorough examination of visual performance, it is recommended to use both stimulation protocols.