Fluxos de CO2 do solo na Floresta Nacional de Caxiuanã, Pará, durante o experimento ESECAFLOR/LBA

O experimento ESECAFLOR/LBA foi conduzido na Floresta Nacional de Caxiuanã, Pará, e este artigo procura investigar os efeitos do estresse hídrico sobre a respiração do solo. Duas parcelas de 1 hectare foram instaladas em janeiro de 2002. Uma parcela (A) permaneceu em condições naturais e foi usada como controle, enquanto que na parcela de exclusão (B) foram instalados painéis plásticos para que aproximadamente 70% da precipitação fosse excluída. Os dados foram coletados mensalmente de janeiro a dezembro de 2005. Durante o ano de 2005 houve 2.211,6 mm de precipitação na ECFPn, ou seja 9,96% acima da média de 2.011,2 mm. As médias da umidade do solo foram de 15,6±9,2 e 9,5±3,4% nas parcelas A e B, respectivamente. As médias da temperatura do solo para as parcelas A e B foram de 25,6±0,4 e 25,7±0,5 ºC, respectivamente. As médias dos fluxos de CO₂ no solo nas parcelas A e B foram de 3,46±0,44 e 3,21±0,84 μmolCO₂ m^-2s^-1, respectivamente. Com a exclusão de parte da chuva na parcela B, houve uma redução de 7,23% nos fluxos de CO₂ no solo (0,25 μmolCO₂ m^-2s^-1), 39,1% na umidade do solo (6,1p.p.), e um aumento de 0,39% na temperatura do solo (0,1ºC). A umidade do solo na parcela B foi menor do que na parcela A, devido ao sistema de exclusão da chuva, no entanto no início do ano, devido a reformas que o mesmo passou esses valores estiveram próximos.

Aplicação de Zr/Ti-PILC no processo de adsorção de Cu(II), Co(II) e Ni(II) utilizando modelos físico-químicos de adsorção e termodinâmica do processo

The aim of this investigation is to study how Zr/Ti-PILC adsorbs metals. The physico-chemical proprieties of Zr/Ti-PILC have been optimized with pillarization processes and Cu(II), Ni(II) and Co(II) adsorption from aqueous solution has been carried out, with maximum adsorption values of 8.85, 8.30 and 7.78 x10^-1 mmol g^-1, respectively. The Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin adsorption isotherm models have been applied to fit the experimental data with a linear regression process. The energetic effect caused by metal interaction was determined through calorimetric titration at the solid-liquid interface and gave a net thermal effect that enabled the calculation of the exothermic values and the equilibrium constant.

Copaiba oil effect on experimental jaw defect in Wistar rats

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of copaiba oil on jaw defects repair in Wistar rats treated with bioglass or adipose tissue. METHODS: A jaw defect was randomly created in forty-two rats and filled with bioglass or adipose tissue. The two groups (Gbio and Gcell) were subdivided in three subgroups with seven animals each according to gavage administration: control (distillated water), oil (copaiba oil) and melox (meloxicam). Euthanasia was performed after forty post-operative days. The bone formation was analyzed regarding the histological aspects. RESULTS: The osteoclasts activity was observed only in four subgroups (p=0.78). Regarding the osteoblasts presence, it was very similar between the subgroups, the difference was due to Gcell-melox (p=0.009) that presented less osteoblastic activity. The inflammatory cells were more evident in Gcell-melox subgroup, however, there was no difference in comparison with the other subgroups (p=0.52). Bone formation was observed in all subgroups, just two animals showed no bone formation even after 40 days. More than 50% of bone matrix mineralization was observed in 56% (23 animals) of the analyzed areas. The bone matrix mineralization was not different between subgroups (p=0.60). CONCLUSIONS: The subgroups that received copaiba oil showed bone repair, although not statistically significant in comparison to subgroups treated whit meloxicam or controls. Copaiba oil administered by gavage had no effect on bone repair in this experimental model.