Low frequency of human papillomavirus detection in prostate tissue from individuals from Northern Brazil

The presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) was evaluated in 65 samples of prostate tumours and six samples of prostates with benign prostatic hyperplasia from individuals from Northern Brazil. We used a highly sensitive test, the Linear Array HPV Genotyping Test, to detect 37 high and low-risk HPV types. In this study, only 3% of tumour samples showed HPV infection. Our findings support the conclusion that, despite the high incidence of HPV infection in the geographic regions studied, HPV was not associated with a higher risk of prostate cancer. To our knowledge, this is the first study evaluating the frequency of HPV detection in prostatic tissue of individuals from Brazil.

Frequencies of CCR5-D32, CCR2-64I and SDF1-3'A mutations in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) seropositive subjects and seronegative individuals from the state of Pará in Brazilian Amazonia

ABSTRACT: The distribution of genetic polymorphisms of chemokine receptors CCR5-D32, CCR2-64I and chemokine (SDF1-3 A) mutations were studied in 110 Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) seropositive individuals (seropositive group) and 139 seronegative individuals (seronegative group) from the population of the northern Brazilian city of Belém which is the capital of the state of Pará in the Brazilian Amazon. The CCR5-D32 mutation was found in the two groups at similar frequencies, i.e. 2.2% for the seronegative group and 2.7% for the seropositive group. The frequencies of the SDF1-3 A mutation were 21.0% for the seronegative group and 15.4% for the seropositive group, and the CCR2-64I allele was found at frequencies of 12.5% for the seronegative group and 5.4% for the seropositive group. Genotype distributions were consistent with Hardy-Weinberg expectations in both groups, suggesting that none of the three mutations has a detectable selective effect. Difference in the allelic and genotypic frequencies was statistically significant for the CCR2 locus, the frequency in the seronegative group being twice that found in the seropositive group. This finding may indicate a protective effect of the CCR2-64I mutation in relation to HIV transmission. However, considering that the CCR2-64I mutation has been more strongly associated with a decreased risk for progression for AIDS than to the resistance to the HIV infection, this could reflect an aspect of population structure or a Type I error.

Valor nutritivo de Cratylia argentea para suplementação de ruminantes na Amazônia

O trabalho foi realizado na Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, em Belém, Pará, (1º28´ S 48º27´ W de Greenwich), com o objetivo de avaliar a influência da adição de Cratylia argentea, como alternativa para suplementação alimentar de ruminantes, em períodos críticos de produção de forragem na Amazônia Oriental. Foram determinadas as características nutricionais da dieta, durante um período de 21 dias, com 16 ovinos, em gaiolas metabólicas individuais, distribuídas em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em quatro tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos continham quicuio-da-amazônia (Brachiaria humidicola) e níveis crescentes de 25%, 50%, 75% e 100% de inclusão de Cratylia argentea. Os consumos de matéria seca, em g/dia e percentagem do peso vivo, foram de 656,47 e 1,76; 743,50 e 1,96; 714,92 e 1,89; e 480,52 e 1,31 de matéria orgânica 619,64; 715,85; 665,36 e 535,85 g/dia, e de proteína bruta 68,01; 108,29; 187,67 e 170,61 g/dia. O consumo de FDN, em g/dia, foi de 567,44; 536,70; 486,51 e 382,25 g/dia. Os coeficientes de digestibilidade da matéria seca foram de 37,87; 24,01; 21,93 e 34,36%, da matéria orgânica de 42,66; 31,54; 27,02 e 36,05% e de proteína bruta de 56,04; 56,64; 68,66 e 71,44%, em 25%, 50%, 75% e 100% de inclusão de Cratylia argentea, respectivamente. A Cratylia argentea constitui alternativa no período de estiagem, quando ocorre redução na disponibilidade e qualidade das forrageiras, visando elevar a produtividade animal. Apresenta média digestibilidade da matéria seca, matéria orgânica, proteína bruta, energia bruta e frações fibrosas, mesmo em estádio de floração, embora tenha médio consumo, devido a menor palatabilidade, causada pelo tanino. Níveis em torno de 50% possibilitam maior consumo da matéria seca, matéria orgânica, proteína bruta, energia bruta e frações fibrosas.