657 resultados para Management|Latin American Studies|International Relations

em Comissão Econômica para a América Latina e o Caribe (CEPAL)


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Innovation and internationalization in services are key drivers of structural transformation, productivity growth and overall economic performance in Latin America. The services sector accounts for two thirds of the region’s GDP and provides over 60% of its employment. These shares are higher than in other developing regions, but still lower than in countries with higher levels of per capita income. The spread of information and communication technologies in Latin America over the past three decades has vastly enhanced both the tradability of services and the sector’s propensity to innovate. Long considered unrelated processes, both internationalization and innovation are today widely recognized as key and complementary sources of firm-level competitiveness and human capital enhancement. The advent of many novel types of business and consumer services is furthermore a key factor in the rising insertion of Latin American firms in regional and global value chains and transnational production networks, which are now the predominant form of organization of international production and trade. This volume explores three different levels of interaction between internationalization and innovation in the services sector in Latin America. Part I analyses the role of services in manufacturing and other sectors’ global value chains from a theoretical perspective, drawing on the experiences of Brazil and Mexico. Part II reviews innovation and internationalization policies and their effects on the performance of the services sector. Part III presents a series of case studies on innovation and internationalization linkages in Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica and Mexico. The book concludes that, in order for Latin American countries and firms to upgrade into services value chains, public and private initiatives must generate a host of regional public goods —enhanced investment climates, supply of skills, greater access to finance, improved protection of intellectual property, better value appropriation, enhanced efforts at standardization and quality certification— to strengthen the links between innovation and internationalization.

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Presentación (volumen, valor, origen-destino, modos de transporte, costos de fletes-seguros y productos comerciados) El documento consta de dos partes; la primera incluye la Introducción, donde se detalla el alcance y el contenido de la BTI (Base de datos de Transporte Internacional) mantenida por la Unidad de Transporte de CEPAL. Esta Base de datos abarca estadísticas anuales relativas al flujo comercial y de transporte de Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, México, Paraguay, Perú, Uruguay y Venezuela. Los lectores son informados acerca de los campos de información incluidos en la base de datos y, si están interesados, pueden requerir información estadística específica, caso por caso a la Unidad de Transporte de CEPAL. La segunda parte del documento contiene cuadros detallados y gráficos relativos al valor y volumen de las importaciones y exportaciones de once países latinoamericanos, cubiertos por la BTI. También se incluye información acerca del uso de diferentes modos de transporte, los costos de los fletes y seguros internacionales y los productos comerciados. La información se refiere al año 2000 y está agrupada por los códigos de la Clasificación Uniforme para el Comercio Internacional (CUCI). El documento por el momento, sólo está disponible en inglés.