The role of institutions in local contexts

Includes bibliography

Guía para la cooperación técnica entre países en desarrollo (CTPD): oferta y directorio de instituciones = Guide to technical co-operation among developing countries (TCDC): TCDC supply and directory of institutions

Proporciona orientacion a demandantes potenciales de CTPD y presenta una vision completa sobre las actividades de oferta en la region. Incluye 1) informacion por paises: politicas, procedimientos, capacidad nacional y experiencias, 2) informacion por areas de especializacion: agricultura y pesca, administracion y desarrollo, educacion, industria, recursos naturales, transporte y comunicaciones, salud, y 3) directorio de instituciones especializadas en CTPD.

Guía revisada para la cooperación técnica entre países en desarrollo (CTPD): oferta y directorio de instituciones = Revised guide to technical co-operation among developing countries (TCDC): supply and directory of institutions

Publicación bilingüe

Economic Survey of Latin America and the Caribbean 2008-2009: Policies for creating quality jobs

Includes bibliography

Theory and practice of industrial policy: evidence from the Latin American experience

Includes bibliography

The interplay of macro- and microeconomics

The statement starts with a balance of the 15-years period of the economic reforms occurred in the region, up to the Mexican financial crisis in 1995. The main lesson to be drawn from this period refers to the need of supplementing and reinforcing macro-economic policy, together with the application of public policy measures at the micro-, meso-, and institutional levels, in order to support productive modernization, the development of financial and labour markets and the establishment or strengthening of institutions which can help to create an environment conducive to development. Further on, the statement explains the strategies proposed by ECLAC for overcoming the obstacles to accelerated growth within a framework of stability, social equity and democracy. These refer to expanding gross domestic product, increasing productivity and providing more and better jobs. In order to achieve this goal it is necessary to ensure macroeconomic equilibria in its broader sense, raise the level of national saving and channel it into productive investment, as well as an accelerated and systematic incorporation of production and management techniques designed to raise productivity in a growing number of firms. In the last part, the statement refers to the situation of the United Nations and honors the memory of Dr. Raúl Prebisch, on the tenth anniversary of his death.

What kind of microfoundations? Notes on the evolutionary approach

The microfoundations of economic models are a hotly debated topic in the literature. The debate is important because microfoundations —the ways in which agents decide and behave— have implications that go beyond a specific firm, market or activity; they strongly condition macroeconomic outcomes. This document addresses the classical problems of rationality, uncertainty and institutions: when there is Keynes-Knight uncertainty and rationality is bounded, decision making adopts the form of conventional rules or heuristics. The hyper-rational representative agent of the rational expectations world could generate highly misleading outcomes in macro models. Section 2 applies this discussion to the study of technical change and to innovation and diffusion of technology in the international system, which transform the patterns of specialization. Section 3 discusses the forces that may trap a country in a low-growth trap and the crucial role of institutions in escaping from this trap.

Governance crisis and the Andean region: a political economy analysis

Includes bibliography

Property rights and the rural land market in Latin America

Includes bibliography

Building community social capital

Includes bibliography

Accountability in government programmes to promote small and medium-sized enterprises

Includes bibliography

Productive development in open economies

Includes bibliography

Compacts for Equality: Towards a Sustainable Future

The document which ECLAC presents on this occasion explores further the theme of equality addressed at the two previous sessions of the Commission, in Time for Equality: Closing Gaps, Opening Trails (2010, Brasilia), and Structural Change for Equality: An Integrated Approach to Development (2012, San Salvador). The document prepared for the thirty-fifth session, entitled Compacts for Equality: Towards a Sustainable Future, discusses the two major challenges to development in Latin America and the Caribbean today: to achieve greater equality and to make development sustainable for future generations. The various chapters examine the social, economic, environmental and natural resource governance constraints on sustainability, as well as the challenges associated with strategic development options. They also further explore the equality approach developed by ECLAC at previous sessions, treating the world of work as a key arena. Consumption is analysed as it relates to the economic, social and environmental spheres, highlighting its potential to increase well-being as well as its problematic externalities in terms of environmental sustainability, the fiscal covenant and the production structure, among others. The dynamics existing between production structures and institutions are explored, drawing attention to ways in which the efficient organization of institutions can help to maximize contributions to development. The document concludes with a set of medium- and long-term policy proposals that need to be enshrined in social covenants and policy instruments for implementing, in a democratic context, the policies and institutional reforms that the Latin American and Caribbean countries need to resolve the dilemmas they face at the current crossroads.