Quantum correlations between each qubit in a two-atom system and the environment in terms of interatomic distance

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Multi-population genetic algorithm to solve the synchronized and integrated two-level lot sizing and scheduling problem

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Tabu search to solve the Synchronized and Integrated Two-Level Lot Sizing and Scheduling Problem

This paper proposes a tabu search approach to solve the Synchronized and Integrated Two-Level Lot Sizing and Scheduling Problem (SITLSP). It is a real-world problem, often found in soft drink companies, where the production process has two integrated levels with decisions concerning raw material storage and soft drink bottling. Lot sizing and scheduling of raw materials in tanks and products in bottling lines must be simultaneously determined. Real data provided by a soft drink company is used to make comparisons with a previous genetic algorithm. Computational results have demonstrated that tabu search outperformed genetic algorithm in all instances. Copyright 2011 ACM.

Coherent properties and Rabi oscillations in two-level donor systems

Coherent properties and Rabi oscillations in two-level donor systems, under terahertz excitation, are theoretically investigated. Here we are concerned with donor states in bulk GaAs and GaAs-(Ga,Al)As quantum dots. We study confinement effects, in the presence of an applied magnetic field, on the electronic and on-center donor states in GaAs- (Ga,Al)As dots, as compared to the situation in bulk GaAs, and estimate some of the associated decay rate parameters. Using the optical Bloch equations with damping, we study the time evolution of the Is and 2p(+) states in the presence of an applied magnetic field and of a terahertz laser. We also discuss the role played by the distinct dephasing rates on the photocurrent and calculate the electric dipole transition moment. Results indicate that the Rabi oscillations are more robust as the total dephasing rate diminishes, corresponding to a favorable coherence time.

A genetic algorithm/mathematical programming approach to solve a two-level soft drink production problem

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

HISTOCHEMICAL RESPONSES of RATS EXERCISED IN TWO WEEKLY FREQUENCIES and INGESTING STANDARD OR HYPERCALORIC DIET

This study investigated if overfed rats present morphological and histochemical muscle adaptation similar to normally fed, both submitted to two different weekly frequencies of training. Thirty male Wistar rats were fed either with standard chow (SCO) or with hypercaloric diet (HCO). They were subdivided into six subgroups: sedentary (SCO and HCO), trained twice/week (SC2 and HC2) and trained five times/week (SC5 and HC5). The trained groups swam 60 min/day, during 10 weeks. Twenty four hours after the last training, samples of Gastrocnemius were excised and stained with HE, NADH-TR and m-ATPase, and the capillary density was calculated. Total heart mass (HM) and the mass of atrium (AM), left (LV) and right (RV) ventricles were excised and weighted. The comparisons were made by ANOVA and by Covariance analysis, adjusting the variables by body weight. The results showed that the HCO achieved higher BM, however, absolute HM did not differ post training. Irrespective of the diet, rats that were trained twice a week presented significantly greater increase in the AM. In general, the SC5 and HC5 groups showed higher HM, LV, RV, proportion of oxidative fibres and capillary density, compared to the sedentary and twice week trained groups. A higher proportion of injuries (splitting) was noted in the HC2 and HC5 compared to SC2 and SC5. These results indicate that the frequency of training influenced the skeletal and heart adaptation and larger changes were observed in the 5x/week group, which ingested the standard diet. The 5x/week training groups also presented large amount of muscle fibres damage.

Deviation from the sech2 superradiant emission law in a two-level atomic system

The atomic superradiant emission is treated in the single-particle mean-field approximation. A single-particle Hamiltonian, which represents a dressed two-level atom in a radiation field, can be obtained and it is verified that it describes the transient regime of the emission process. While the line-shape emission for a bare atom follows the sech2 law, for the dressed atom the line shape deviates appreciably from this law and it is verified that the deviation depends crucially on the ratio of the dynamic frequency shift to the transition frequency. This kind of deviation is observed in experimental results. © 1990 The American Physical Society.

Electronic correlations in a two-level dimer

The exact solution for the full electronic Hamiltonian for a two-level dimer is obtained. The parameter constellation (roughly 20) is reparametrized via orthogonal Gaussian atomic orbitals, yielding a five-parameter model. With the dimer embedded in a thermal bath, the specific heat and several temperature-dependent dynamical susceptibilities are computed. © 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Two-level network design with intermediate facilities: An application to electrical distribution systems

We consider the two-level network design problem with intermediate facilities. This problem consists of designing a minimum cost network respecting some requirements, usually described in terms of the network topology or in terms of a desired flow of commodities between source and destination vertices. Each selected link must receive one of two types of edge facilities and the connection of different edge facilities requires a costly and capacitated vertex facility. We propose a hybrid decomposition approach which heuristically obtains tentative solutions for the vertex facilities number and location and use these solutions to limit the computational burden of a branch-and-cut algorithm. We test our method on instances of the power system secondary distribution network design problem. The results show that the method is efficient both in terms of solution quality and computational times. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd.

Characterization and optimization of levan production by Bacillus subtilis NATTO

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Digestibility for dogs and cats of meat and bone meal processed at two different temperature and pressure levels

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Structural aspects of the fermion-boson mapping in two-dimensional gauge and anomalous gauge theories with massive fermions

Using a synthesis of the functional integral and operator approaches we discuss the fermion-buson mapping and the role played by the Bose field algebra in the Hilbert space of two-dimensional gauge and anomalous gauge field theories with massive fermions. In QED, with quartic self-interaction among massive fermions, the use of an auxiliary vector field introduces a redundant Bose field algebra that should not be considered as an element of the intrinsic algebraic structure defining the model. In anomalous chiral QED, with massive fermions the effect of the chiral anomaly leads to the appearance in the mass operator of a spurious Bose field combination. This phase factor carries no fermion selection rule and the expected absence of Theta-vacuum in the anomalous model is displayed from the operator solution. Even in the anomalous model with massive Fermi fields, the introduction of the Wess-Zumino field replicates the theory, changing neither its algebraic content nor its physical content. (C) 2002 Elsevier B.V. (USA).

Finite Element Modeling for Development and Optimization of a Bone Plate for Mandibular Fracture in Dogs

This study aimed to develop a plate to treat fractures of the mandibular body in dogs and to validate the project using finite elements and biomechanical essays. Mandible prototypes were produced with 10 oblique ventrorostral fractures (favorable) and 10 oblique ventrocaudal fractures (unfavorable). Three groups were established for each fracture type. Osteosynthesis with a pure titanium plate of double-arch geometry and blocked monocortical screws offree angulanon were used. The mechanical resistance of the prototype with unfavorable fracture was lower than that of the fcworable fracture. In both fractures, the deflection increased and the relative stiffness decreased proportionally to the diminishing screw number The finite element analysis validated this plate study, since the maximum tension concentration observed on the plate was lower than the resistance limit tension admitted by the titanium. In conclusion, the double-arch geometry plate fixed with blocked monocortical screws has sufficient resistance to stabilize oblique,fractures, without compromising mandibular dental or neurovascular structures. J Vet Dent 24 (7); 212 - 221, 2010

Bond Strength of Two-Step Etch-and-Rinse Adhesive Systems to the Dentin of Primary and Permanent Teeth

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Effect of chlorhexidine on bond strength of two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive systems to dentin of primary and permanent teeth

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)