Neural Network-Based Approach for Identification of the Harmonic Content of a Nonlinear Load in a Single-Phase System

In this paper an alternative method based on artificial neural networks is presented to determine harmonic components in the load current of a single-phase electric power system with nonlinear loads, whose parameters can vary so much in reason of the loads characteristic behaviors as because of the human intervention. The first six components in the load current are determined using the information contained in the time-varying waveforms. The effectiveness of this method is verified by using it in a single-phase active power filter with selective compensation of the current drained by an AC controller. The proposed method is compared with the fast Fourier transform.

Risk factors for low birth weight in Botucatu city, SP state, Brazil: A study conducted in the public health system from 2004 to 2008

Background: Low birth weight (LBW), defined as birth weight less than 2500 g, has a complex etiology and may be a result of premature interruption of pregnancy or intrauterine growth restriction. The objective of this study was to provide information on determinants of LBW and contribute to the understanding of the problem in Brazil. Methods. A case-control study was conducted in Botucatu city, SP state, Brazil. The study population consisted of 2 groups with 860 newborns in each group as follows: low weight newborns (LWNB) and a control group (weight ��� 2500 g). Secondary data from 2004 to 2008 were collected using the Live Birth Certificate (LBC) and records from medical charts of pregnant women in Basic Health Units (BHU) and in the Public University Hospital (UH). Variables were as follows: maternal socio-demographic characteristics, pregnancy and birth conditions including quality of prenatal care according to 3 criteria. They were based on parameters established by the Ministry of Health (MH), one of them, the modified Kessner Index. The multivariable analysis by logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between variables and LBW. Results: According to the analysis, the factors associated with LBW were as follows: prematurity (OR = 56.98, 95% CI 29.52-109.95), twin pregnancy (OR = 20.00, 95% CI 6.25-100.00), maternal smoking (OR = 2.12, 95% CI 1.33-3.45), maternal malnourishment (OR = 2.30, 95% CI 1.08-5.00), maternal obesity (OR = 2.30, 95% IC 1.18-4.48), weight gain during pregnancy less than 5 kg (OR = 2.63, 95% CI 1.35-5.00) and weight gain during pregnancy more than 15 kg (OR = 2.26, 95% CI 1.16-4.41). Adequacy of prenatal care visits adjusted to gestational age was less frequent in the LBW group than in the control group (68.7% vs. 80.5%, x 2 p < 0.001). According to the modified Kessner Index, 64.4% of prenatal visits in the LWNB group were adequate. Conclusion: LWNB are a quite heterogeneous group of infants concerning their determinants and prevention actions against LBW and the follow-up of these infants have also been very complex. Therefore, improvement in the quality of care provided should be given priority through concrete actions for prevention of LBW. �� 2012 Fonseca et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

Adherence to statin treatment and associated factors in female users from the Unified Health System (SUS)

Funda����o de Amparo �� Pesquisa do Estado de S��o Paulo (FAPESP)

Work conditions and occupational health of dentists in Brazilian public health system

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Ci��nt��fico e Tecnol��gico (CNPq)

Qualidade do servi��o prestado aos pacientes de cirurgia card��aca do Sistema ��nico de Sa��de - SUS

OBJETIVO: Avaliar qualidade do servi��o prestado aos pacientes de cirurgia card��aca no per��odo hospitalar, em servi��o do SUS, identificando as expectativas e percep����es dos pacientes. Relacionar qualidade de servi��o com g��nero, faixa et��ria e circula����o extracorp��rea. M��TODOS: Estudaram-se 82 pacientes (52,4% do sexo feminino e 47,6% do masculino) submetidos a cirurgia card��aca eletiva, operados por toracotomia m��dio-esternal, idade: 31 a 83 anos (m��dia 60,4 �� 13,2 anos), per��odo: mar��o a setembro de 2006. Avaliou-se a qualidade do servi��o em dois momentos: expectativas no pr��-operat��rio e percep����es do atendimento recebido no 6�� dia de p��s-operat��rio; mediante aplica����o da escala SERVQUAL modificada (SERVQUAL-Card). O resultado foi obtido pela diferen��a da somat��ria das notas das percep����es e expectativas por meio de an��lise estat��stica. RESULTADOS: A escala SERVQUAL-Card foi validada estatisticamente, apresentando adequado ��ndice de consist��ncia interna. Encontrou-se maior frequ��ncia de revasculariza����o do mioc��rdio 55 (67,0%); primeira cirurgia card��aca 72 (87,8%) e utiliza����o de CEC 69 (84,1%). Verificaram-se altos valores para expectativas e percep����es, com resultados significantes (P<0,05). Observou-se rela����o significante entre qualidade de servi��o com g��nero, na empatia (P=0,04) e faixa et��ria, na confiabilidade (P=0,02). N��o se observou signific��ncia entre CEC e qualidade de servi��o. CONCLUS��O: A qualidade dos servi��os foi satisfat��ria. O paciente demonstrou expectativa alta ao servi��o m��dicohospitalar. Mulheres apresentaram maior percep����o da qualidade na empatia, jovens na confiabilidade. A utiliza����o de CEC n��o est�� relacionada com qualidade do servi��o nesta amostra. Os dados obtidos sugerem que a qualidade deste servi��o de sa��de pode ser monitorada pelo emprego peri��dico da escala SERQUAL.

Percep����o do egresso de enfermagem sobre a contribui����o do curso para o exerc��cio do cuidado

O estudo avaliou a forma����o em enfermagem ancorada na problematiza����o e na aprendizagem baseada em problemas a partir da percep����o dos egressos. Trata-se de estudo transversal de natureza ex-post-facto. Os resultados foram analisados na triangula����o das abordagens quantitativa e qualitativa e na perspectiva hermen��utica dial��tica. Na abordagem quantitativa 180 egressos responderam um question��rio. Na qualitativa, 14 participaram das entrevistas, que buscaram sentidos relacionados ao cuidado ideal, para constru����o dos indicadores que revelassem a l��gica da avalia����o. Esses indicadores nortearam a escolha das quest��es para triangula����o. Os resultados apontaram que 85,1% dos egressos est��o inseridos no mercado de trabalho, 92,1% cursaram p��s-gradua����o e 99,1% acreditam apresentar forma����o necess��ria ao cuidado ��tico, humanizado e fundamentado. A an��lise dos dados aponta para forma����o comprometida com a constru����o da autonomia e do conhecimento, bem como articulada aos princ��pios do Sistema ��nico de Sa��de e do mundo do trabalho em enfermagem.

Childbirth care: contributing to the debate on human development

Com a finalidade de subsidiar gestores da ��rea de sa��de da mulher, na formula����o de pol��ticas p��blicas, voltadas ao desenvolvimento humano, realizou-se esta investiga����o, cujo objetivo foi avaliar a estrutura e o processo da aten����o ao parto e ao neonato desenvolvido em regi��o do interior paulista. Estudo epidemiol��gico, voltado para avalia����o dos servi��os de sa��de, baseou-se na observa����o da assist��ncia prestada pelo Sistema ��nico de Sa��de em 12 maternidades e 134 partos, adotando-se padr��es estabelecidos pelo Minist��rio da Sa��de ou Organiza����o Mundial de Sa��de para compara����o. Os resultados apontam problemas relacionados �� estrutura em algumas maternidades, mostrando que pr��ticas ��teis ao parto normal ainda s��o pouco utilizadas, enquanto que outras prejudiciais ou ineficazes ainda s��o utilizadas rotineiramente. Reverter esse quadro ser�� essencial para oferecer atendimento de qualidade ��s mulheres, com conseq��ente redu����o nas taxas de mortalidade materna e neonatal, para que a regi��o atinja as metas estabelecidas para amplia����o do desenvolvimento humano no mil��nio.

Sistema de auditoria no SUS: an��lise dos dados de produ����o e glosas no servi��o odontol��gico na rede p��blica

P��s-gradua����o em Odontologia Preventiva e Social - FOA

A import��ncia da integra����o universidade e servi��os de sa��de

Brazilian Curricular Directrix demand changes on teaching dental surgeon, proposing new scenes of learning and study other than the classroom. So, pedagogic projects should search for integral and adequate education by relating teaching, research and extension/assistance. This paper discusses the importance of university extension activities on teaching Odontology students and relates the experience of Ara��atuba Dental School of S��o Paulo State University. This school develops some university extension activities since the 60s by Dental Service Beyond School (SEMO, in portuguese). Among the activities included by SEMO there are several projects, such as: ���Program of Dental Attention for Pregnant Women���, ���Program of Dental Attention to Juvenile Foundation at Ara��atuba���, ���Always Smiling ��� Health Promotion for Institutionalized Elderlies���, ���Santa Clara de Assis Nursery School Program of Dental Attention���, and "Promotion of oral health in Ara��atuba public kindergarten schools���. These programs give the student knowledge of structure dimensions of public health services; chance to participate on attendance for the population, comprehension of oral health politics, and the role of dental surgeon in social context, where these students will work in the future. The positive impact obtained with these services is perceived by students return. Most of them feel satisfied about the experience lived there.

A sa��de e seu direito sob o olhar do usu��rio

Coordena����o de Aperfei��oamento de Pessoal de N��vel Superior (CAPES)

Health surveys and use of maternal and child health care services in three municipalities within the S��o Paulo metropolitan area

Objectives. To describe the changes in the use of maternal and child health care services by residents of three municipalities-Embu, Itapecerica da Serra, and Taboao da Serra-in the S��o Paulo metropolitan area, 12 years after the implementation of the Unified Health System (SUS) in Brazil, and to analyze the potential of population-based health care surveys as sources of data to evaluate these changes.Methods. Two population-based, cross-sectional surveys were carried out in 1990 and 2002 in municipalities located within the S��o Paulo metropolitan area. For children under 1 year of age, the two periods were compared in terms of outpatient services utilization and hospital admission; for the mothers, the periods were compared in terms of prenatal care and deliveries. In both surveys, stratified and multiple-stage conglomerate sampling was employed, with standardization of interview questions.Results. The most important changes observed were regarding the location of services used for prenatal care, deliveries, and hospitalization of children less than 1 year of age. There was a significant increase in the use of services in the surrounding region or hometown, and decrease in the utilization of services in the city of S��o Paulo (in 1990, 80% of deliveries and almost all admissions for children less than 1 year versus 32% and 46%, respectively, in 2002). The use of primary care units and 24-hour walk-in clinics also increased. All these changes reflect care provided by public resources. In the private sector, there was a decrease in direct payments and payments through company-paid health insurance and an increase in payments through self-paid health insurance.Conclusions. The major changes observed in the second survey occurred simultaneous to the changes that resulted from the implementation of the SUS. Population-based health surveys are adequate for analyzing and comparing the utilization of health care services at different times.