Qualidade da água e composição fitoplanctônica de um viveiro de piscicultura utilizado para fins de pesca esportiva e irrigação

Water quality of a fish pond used by UNESP, at Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil, for both fishing and irrigation has been evaluated according to certain limnological parameters and to its phytoplankton composition. During the year, four sampling sites were assigned at the pond: P(1)=inlet water in the pond; P(2)=inlet water from a shrimp pond; P(3)=irrigation spot; and P(4)=outlet water (water flowing directly into another pond). The collected data show a water pond with high concentration of nutrients and chlorophyll-a, and high values of electrical conductivity, total hardness and total dissolved solids, proceeding from the above pond. These factors affected substantially some biological parameters, such as chlorophyll-a and phytoplankton. In P(3), whereas class Zygnematophyceae showed the highest specimens richness, with 34.01%, the Chlorophyceae, that had the highest number of genera, comprehended 33.52% of the total number of individuals. The use of the water fish pond for irrigation must be re-evaluated, due to eutrophic conditions of the water, the presence of potentially toxic cyanobacteria, so as the proper management employed.

Condutância estomática como indicador de estresse hídrico em feijão

O objetivo do trabalho foi verificar os indicadores de estresse hídrico, bem como seu efeito na cultura do feijão, por meio da condutância estomática. O experimento foi realizado na Área Experimental de Irrigação da Universidade Estadual Paulista - Jaboticabal, no ano agrícola de 2000. Foram estudados quatro tratamentos de irrigação com níveis crescentes de ETm: (T1) ETm acumulada = 22 mm; (T2) ETm acumulada = 33 mm; (T3) ETm acumulada = 44 mm; (T4) ausência de irrigação. Nas plantas com suprimento adequado de água, os maiores valores de condutância estomática ocorreram por volta do meio-dia solar, atingindo cerca de 159 e 174 mmol m-2 s-1, para T1 e T2, respectivamente, enquanto nos tratamentos T3 e T4, os maiores valores encontrados foram de 83 e 52 mmol m-2 s-1, respectivamente. A condutância estomática ao longo do ciclo apresentou valor máximo de 165 mmol m-2 s-1 para o tratamento T4, enquanto para T1 e T2 os valores máximos obtidos variaram de 179 a 183 mmol m-2 s-1. A temperatura da folha e a transpiração apresentaram estreita relação com a resistência estomática, enquanto a radiação fotossinteticamente ativa não diferiu entre os tratamentos.

DISTRIBUTION AND SEASONAL DYNAMICS OF RHODOPHYTA IN THE PRETO RIVER BASIN, SOUTHEASTERN BRAZIL

Distribution and seasonal dynamics of freshwater Rhodophyta were investigated in the Preto River basin, located in northwestern São Paulo State, southeastern Brazil. Twenty-two sites were sampled, six monthly during one year, four bimonthly during two years, and 12 twice (hot-rainy and cool-dry seasons) during the study period (May 1989 through March 1991). Red algal representatives were found in 19 sites (86.4%). Four species occurred in the basin with varying frequencies: Batrachospermum delicatulum (54.5%), Compsopogon coeruleus (36.4%), B. bicudoi (13.6%) and B. virgatum (4.5%). In addition, 'Chantransia' stage of the batrachospermalean species was found in 17 sites (77.3%). B. bicudoi, B. virgatum and C. coeruleus occurred only in large stream segments (greater-than-or-equal-to 3-order), generally in the main river, whereas B. delicatulum was more frequent in small streams (less-than-or-equal-to 3-order). The stream variables most closely related to the species distribution in the basin were specific conductance, pH and oxygen. B. bicudoi and B. delicatulum showed a marked seasonality: gametophytes were observed from late fall to early spring, while the 'Chantransia' stage generally occurred throughout the year. C. coeruleus was observed throughout the year in most sites, but the populations were generally more abundant from late fall to early spring. The combination of lower temperature and reduced turbidity resulting in increased illumination to the benthic algae during the dry winter months promotes the gametophytic growth of the batrachospermalean species, whereas current velocity was found to be the most influential stream variable for C. coeruleus. The persistance of the 'Chantransia' stage throughout the year as well as its tolerance to wider environmental conditions are key factors in the efficiency of the batrachospermalean life history strategy in lotic ecosystems.

Epidemiologia da mancha de phaeosphaeria e da cercosporiose em milho

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Efeito da seleção massal na média e na variância genética da cultivar Al 25 de milho (Zea mays L.)

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Agricultura) - FCA

Asymmetrical Dependence Between a Neotropical Mistletoe and its Avian Seed Disperser

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Weed interference on coffee fruit production during a four-year investigation after planting

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Multidisciplinary approach to chronic pain from myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome: A four-year experience at a Brazilian center

Chronic pain is the major complaint of myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome (MPDS) and is a complex problem which involves physical, psychological and social aspects, the etiology of MPDS is multifactorial and the multidisciplinary approach is essential for differential diagnosis and for comprehensive treatment planning, In 1993, the Dental School of Piracicaba-UNICAMP, Brazil, opened a Center for Pain Studies (CPS), staffed by health care providers including, dentists, psychologists, physicians, physiotherapists and phonoaudiologists. The major aims of the CPS are to provide clinical care and to develop basic and applied research, Sixty-two MPDS patients had been admitted to the CPS by 1997, There were 60 females and 2 males, mean age -32.5 years, the mean duration of chronic pain was 48 months. Pain intensity and unpleasantness were measured employing the Visual Analogue Scale, the tendency to develop stress-related diseases was assessed by the Social Readjustment de Scale, There was a mean reduction of chronic pain of 69.89% and 71.78% relative to intensity and unpleasantness, respectively, the experience of clinical attendance at a multidisciplinary center showed the relevance of a team consisting of health care providers from different specialties with well-established aims, completely integrated and sensitive enough to understand the painful complaints of MPDS patients.

Total Spontaneous Regression of a Central Giant Cell Granuloma After Incisional Biopsy: A Four-Year Follow-Up Case Report

Central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) of the jaws represents a localized and benign neoplastic lesion sometimes characterized by aggressive osteolytic proliferation. The World Health Organization defines it as an intraosseous lesion composed of cellular and dense connective tissues that contain multiple hemorrhagic foci, an aggregation of multinucleated giant cells, and occasional bone tissue trabeculae. The origin of this lesion is uncertain; however, factors such as local trauma, inflammation, intraosseous hemorrhage, and genetic abnormalities have been identified as possible causes. CGCG generally affects those younger than 30 years and occurs more frequently in women (2: 1). This lesion corresponds to approximately 7% of all benign tumors of the jaws, with prevalence in the anterior region of the jaw. Aggressive lesions are characterized by symptoms, such as pain, numbness, rapid growth, cortical perforation, root resorption, and a high recurrence rate after curettage. In contrast, nonaggressive CGCGs have a slow rate of growth, may contain sparse trabeculation, and are less likely to move teeth or cause root resorption or cortical perforation. Nonaggressive CGCGs are generally asymptomatic lesions and thus are frequently found on routine dental radiographs. Radiographically, the 2 forms of CGCG present as radiolucent, expansive, unilocular or multilocular masses with well-defined margins. The histopathology of CGCG is characterized by multinucleated giant cells, surrounded by round, oval, and spindle-shaped mononuclear cells, scattered in dense connective tissue with hemorrhagic and abundant vascularization foci. The final diagnosis is determined by histopathologic analysis of the biopsy specimen. The preferred treatment for CGCG consists of excisional biopsy, curettage with a safety margin, and partial or total resection of the affected bone. Conservative treatments include local injections of steroids, calcitonin, and antiangiogenic therapy. Drug treatment using antibiotics, painkillers, and corticosteroids and clinical and radiographic monitoring are necessary for approximately 10 days after surgery. There are only a few cases of spontaneous CGCG regression described in the literature; therefore, a detailed case report of CGCG regression in a 12-yearold boy with a 4-year follow-up is presented and compared with previous studies. (c) 2014 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons

Fractionation of Zn, Cd and Pb in a Tropical Soil After Nine-Year Sewage Sludge Applications

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Perioperative cardiac arrest and its mortality in children. A 9-year survey in a Brazilian tertiary teaching hospital

Background: the incidence of perioperative cardiac arrest and mortality in children is higher than in adults. This survey evaluated the incidence, causes, and outcome of perioperative cardiac arrests in a pediatric surgical population in a tertiary teaching hospital between 1996 and 2004.Methods: the incidence of cardiac arrest during anesthesia was identified from an anesthesia database. During the study period, 15 253 anesthetics were performed in children. Data collected included patient demographics, surgical procedures (elective, urgent, or emergency), ASA physical status classification, anesthesia provider information, type of surgery, surgical areas, and outcome. All cardiac arrests were reviewed and grouped by the cause of arrest and death into one of four groups: totally anesthesia-related, partially anesthesia-related, totally surgery-related, or totally child disease or condition-related.Results: There were 35 cardiac arrests (22.9 : 10 000) and 15 deaths (9.8 : 10 000). Major risk factors for cardiac arrest were neonates and children under 1 year of age (P < 0.05) with ASA III or poorer physical status (P < 0.05), in emergency surgery (P < 0.05), and general anesthesia (P < 0.05). Child disease/condition was the major cause of cardiac arrest or death (P < 0.05). There were seven cardiac arrests because of anesthesia (4.58 : 10 000) - four totally (2.62 : 10 000) and three partially related to anesthesia (1.96 : 10 000). There were no anesthesia attributable deaths reported. The main causes of anesthesia attributable cardiac arrest were respiratory events (71.5%) and medication-related events (28.5%).Conclusions: Perioperative cardiac arrests were relatively higher in neonates and infants than in older children with severe underlying disease and during emergency surgery. The fact that all anesthesia attributable cardiac arrests were related to airway management and medication administration is important in prevention strategies.

Morphometric study of Rynchotus rufescens testis throughout the year

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Reproductive phenology of Atlantic forest tree species in Brazil: An eleven year study

This paper describes the reproductive phenorhythms of tree species in a tropical seasonal lowland forest in Southeastern Brazil. Every two weeks, five individuals of 41 species were observed for the occurrence of flowering and fruiting, from May 1982 to December 1992. All phenophases showed high seasonality, when considering the whole set of species, but the amplitude of the cycles was much more variable between years; only 13 species had regular flowering. Infra-annual flowering and fruiting were found in 11 and four species, respectively, while only one species flowered and fruited continually. Supra-annual cycles were observed in four (flowering) and seven (fruiting) species. An increase was observed in number of species and individuals flowering and fruiting from 1990 to 1992, following mainly an elevation in the absolute minimum air temperature. These data suggest a relationship between reproductive phenology and major climatic phenomena like El Niño events and solar activity cycles. © International Society for Tropical Ecology.

Performance of 19-year-old provenances of Liquidambar styraciflua in Paraguaçu Paulista, São Paulo

The genetic variation in the growth of seven 19-year-old Liquidambar styraciflua provenances was studied in Paraguaçu Paulista, São Paulo State, Brazil. The trial was established in a complete randomized block design with seven provenances, four replications and twelve-tree square plots. Significant differences among provenances were detected for diameter at breast height, height and volume, indicating the possibility of increasing timber yield through selection of the most productive provenances. Genetic correlations between growth traits were high and statistically significant. The provenance from Finca las Victorias, Guatemala had the best and the provenance from Franklin, Virginia, United States the poorest performance for all traits. A growth comparison of Pinus caribaea var. bahamensis with the best provenance at the same site indicated that the potential of L. styraciflua for silviculture in the region of Paraguaçu Paulista is high.