Calling activity and vocal repertoire of hypsiboas prasinus (Anura, Hylidae), a treefrog from the Atlantic Forest of Brazil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Repertório vocal de Hylodes phyllodes (Amphibia, Anura, Hylodidae)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Opção ou desconhecimento?: panorama da prática interpretativa ligada ao repertório vocal existente no Brasil de 1730 a 1850, sob o ponto de vista do registro fonográfico brasileiro realizado entre 1957 e 2005

Pós-graduação em Música - IA

Ampliando o repertório do coro infanto-juvenil: um estudo de repertório inserido numa nova estética

Pós-graduação em Música - IA

The anuran calling repertoire in the light of social context

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Behavioral Repertoire of Basal Fungus-Growing Ant Sexuals (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Parental Nest

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Vocal evaluation in teachers with or without symptoms

The aim of this study was to perform voice evaluation in teachers with and without vocal symptoms, identifying etiologic factors of dysphonia, voice symptoms, vocal qualities, and laryngeal lesions. Eighty teachers were divided into two groups: GI (without or sporadic symptoms, 40) and GII (with frequent vocal symptoms, 40). They answered a specific questionnaire, and were subject to a perceptual vocal assessment (maximum phonation time, glottal attack, resonance, coordination of breathing and voicing, pitch, and loudness), GIRBAS scale, and to videolaryngoscopy. Females were predominant in both groups, and the age range was from 36 to 50 years. Elementary teachers predominated, working in classes with 31-40 students. Voice symptoms and alterations in the perceptual vocal analysis and in the GIRBAS scale were more frequent in GII In 46 teachers (GI-16; GII-30), videolaryngoscopy exams were abnormal with the vocal nodules being the most frequent lesions. These results indicate that a teacher's voice is compromised, and requires more attention including control of environmental factors and associated diseases, preventive vocal hygiene, periodic laryngeal examinations, and access to adequate specialist treatment.

Vocal Polyps: Clinical, Morphological, and Immunohistochemical Aspects

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Vocal Cysts: Clinical, Endoscopic, and Surgical Aspects

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Mucosal Bridge of the Vocal Fold: Difficulties in the Diagnosis and Treatment

Mucosal bridges are rare laryngeal lesions probably of genetic origin. They may cause dysphonia of varying degrees, especially when associated with other laryngeal lesions such as vocal sulci and cysts. Reports on mucosal bridges are rare, and the better treatment is inconclusive.Aim. To report the authors' experience in 14 cases of mucosal bridge showing details on endoscopic examinations and treatment.Study Design. Retrospective study.Methods. We reviewed the medical records of 14 patients with a diagnosis of mucosal bridge confirmed by video-laryngostroboscopy and direct laryngoscopy who attended the Outpatient Clinic of Voice Disorders of the Discipline of Otorhinolaryngology, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, São Paulo. Data collected included information on gender, age, symptoms, time of onset, history of intubation, smoking status, alcohol intake, associated laryngeal lesions, treatment, and GRBAS (grade of hoarseness, roughness, breathiness, asthenia, and stress) scale ratings.Results. of 14 patients, 10 were females and four were males. There was a prevalence of adults (n = 12), with only two of the patients being younger than 13 years (10 and 13 years). Mucosal bridges showed no correlations with smoking, alcohol intake, or gastroesophageal and sinonasal symptoms. Voice abuse was reported in 50% of the cases that consisted of patients who had high-voice demand occupations. In seven cases, mucosal bridges were associated with other laryngeal lesions, particularly vocal cysts and sulci. All patients who underwent surgery and phonotherapy showed improved vocal quality.Conclusions. We documented 14 patients with dysphonia caused by mucosal bridge. Promising results were obtained with surgery.

Vocal Fold Nodules: Morphological and Immunohistochemical Investigations

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Energy substrate utilization during nightly vocal activity in three species of Scinax (Anura/Hylidae)

Anuran amphibians exhibit different patterns of energy substrate utilization that correlate with the intensity of vocal and locomotor activities. Given the remarkable differences among species in breeding and feeding strategies, and the different ways energy is used in the whole animal, the suggested correlations between calling and locomotor behavior and the level of energy substrates in the muscles responsible for such activities are more complex than previously reported. We explored the relationships between calling and locomotor behavior and energy supply to trunk and hindlimb muscles, respectively, within the ecologically diverse tree-frog genus Scinax. Specifically, we measured the relative amount of carbohydrates and lipids in these two groups of muscles, and in the liver of three species of Scinax that differ in vocal and locomotor performance, and compared our results with those of two other species for which comparable data are available. We also compared the contents of lipids and carbohydrates of conspecific males collected at the beginning and after 4 h of calling activity. The stomach content to potential feeding opportunities across species was also assessed in both groups of males. Scinax hiemalis and S. rizibilis exhibit comparatively low and episodic calling during long periods of activity whereas S. crospedospilus calls at higher rates over shorter periods. Male S. hiemalis had highest levels of trunk muscle glycogen followed by those of S. rizilbilis and S. crospedospilus, respectively. There was no correlation between total lipid content in trunk muscle and calling rate among different species, suggesting that other metabolic aspects may be responsible for the energetic support for vocal activity. The levels of lipids and carbohydrates in trunk and hindlimb muscles and liver of males collected at the beginning and 4 h into the calling period were similar across species, so the extent of energetic reserves does not appear to constrain vocal or locomotor activity. Finally, we found exceptionally high levels of carbohydrates and lipids in the liver of S. rizibilis, a trait perhaps related to a long and demanding breeding period.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease and vocal disturbances

CONTEXTO: A doença do refluxo gastroesofágico (DRGE) é uma doença crônica na qual o conteúdo gastroduodenal reflui para o esôfago. O quadro clínico da DRGE é usualmente referido como pirose e regurgitação (manifestações típicas). Manifestações atípicas (distúrbios da voz e asma) podem também ser referidas. OBJETIVO: Analisar os aspectos clínicos, endoscópicos, manométricos e pHmétricos de pacientes portadores da DRGE com distúrbios da voz. MÉTODO: Foram estudados 50 pacientes com a DRGE, sendo 25 com distúrbios da voz (grupo 1 - G1) e 25 sem estes sintomas (controles, grupo 2 - G2). Todos os pacientes foram submetidos a endoscopia, manometria e pHmetria esofágica (dois sensores). Os pacientes do G1 foram submetidos a videolaringoscopia. RESULTADOS: Achados endoscópicos: DRGE não-erosiva foi observada em 95% dos pacientes de G1 e em 88% de G2. Videolaringoscopia: congestão das pregas vocais, assimetria, nódulos e pólipos foram diagnosticados nos pacientes do G1. Manometria esofágica: pressão no esfíncter inferior do esôfago (mm Hg): 11,6 ± 5,2 em G1 e 14,0 ± 6,2 em G2 (P = 0,14); pressão no esfíncter superior do esôfago (mm Hg): 58,4 ± 15,9 em G1 e 69,5 ± 30,7 nos controles. Achados pHmétricos: índice de DeMeester: 34,0 ± 20,9 em G1 e 15,4 ± 9,4 em G2 (P<0,001); número de episódios de refluxo no sensor distal: 43,0 ± 20,4 em G1 e 26, 4 ± 17,2 em G2 (P<0,003); percentagem do tempo com pH esofágico menor que 4 unidades (sensor distal): 9,0% ± 6,4% em G1 e 3,4% ± 2,1% em G2 (P<0,001); número de episódios de refluxo no sensor proximal: 7,5 ± 10,9 em G1 e 5,3 ± 5,7 em G2 (P = 0,38); percentagem de tempo com pH esofágico menor que quatro unidades (sensor proximal): 1,2% ± 2,7% em G1 e 0,5% ± 0,7% em G2 (P = 0,210). CONCLUSÕES: Os aspectos clínicos, endoscópicos e manométricos em pacientes com a DRGE e distúrbios da voz não diferem dos pacientes sem estes sintomas. A intensidade do refluxo gastroesofágico é maior nos pacientes com distúrbios da voz. Os pacientes sem distúrbios da voz podem também apresentar episódios de refluxo gastroesofágico no sensor proximal.