Protocolo de exame clínico e tratamento por ondas de choque da dor lombar em equinos da raça quarto de milha

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ

Mielografia lombar no diagnóstico de extrusão do disco intervertebral toracolombar em cães: estudo prospectivo

Thoracolumbar disk extrusion is the most common cause of extradural compression of the spinal cord in dogs. Myelography is one of the most commonly performed techniques for the diagnosis of this affection. This study aimed to evaluate the applicability and effectiveness of lumbar myelography in the diagnosis of thoracolumbar intervertebral disk extrusion in dogs, as well as its major complications. Twenty dogs were used in this study. Animals were included when neurological examination suggested thoracolumbar spine lesion, myelography was used as a complementary diagnostic method, and diagnosis of disk extrusion was surgically confirmed. The accuracy of the exam to predict location and lateralization of extruded disk material were evaluated, as well as complications associated to the procedure. Lumbar myelography exhibited 95% and 60% accuracy for location and lateralization of the lesion, respectively, with minimal complications.

Retrospective study of thoracolumbar ventral fenestration through intercostal thoracotomy and paracostal laparotomy in the dog

Foram analisados os resultados da fenestração ventral dos discos toracolombares em 29 cães agrupados segundo a raça, sexo, peso, idade, graus de déficits neurológicos, duração dos sinais, discos intervertebrais envolvidos, tempo para recuperação e porcentagem de sucesso. A raça Dachshund representou 55,18% (n = 16), cães sem raça definida, 13,8% (n = 4), Poodle e Basset Hound e Cocker Spaniel Inglês 6,89% cada (n = 6), e Pastor Alemão, Beagle e Pinscher, 3,45% cada (n = 3), sendo 51,72%, machos e 48,28%, fêmeas, com idade média de 68,03 meses. O grau de déficits neurológicos correspondeu a: 13,8% dos cães pertencentes ao GI (dor), 41,8% ao GII (paresia), 27,6% ao GIII (paraplegia com dor profunda presente) e 17,2% ao GIV (paraplegia com dor profunda ausente). Os sinais clínicos variaram em duração entre 2 e 60 dias, correspondendo às médias de 18,5 (GI), 12,3 (GII), 8,28 (GIII) e 4,2 dias (GIV). A porcentagem de discos intervertebrais acometidos foi: T10/11 (10,81%), T11/12 (24,33%), T12/13 (40,55%), T13/L1 (16,21%) e L1/2, L2/3 e L3/4, 2,7% cada. O tempo médio de recuperação, em dias, foi: 16 (GI), 19,1 (GII), 20,6 (GIII) e 30,6 (GIV), onde 100% dos animais dos grupos I, II e III recuperaram ambas as funções neurológicas e motoras. O grupo IV apresentou 80% de sucesso. Conclui-se que a fenestração ventral produz excelentes resultados pós-operatórios desde que bem selecionados os casos.

Population biology of spine shrimp Exhippolysmata oplophoroides (Holthuis) (Caridea, Hippolytidae) in a subtropical region, São Paulo, Brazil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Protocolo de exame físico para a coluna toracolombar de equinos

Thoracolumbar injuries represent a challenge to the veterinarian that seeks to eliminate the pain, reinstitute the athletic use of the horse and minimize economic losses. The percentage of lost training days due to orthopedic conditions in race horses is of 72.1% and within those conditions is back pain, whicht represents from 4.35% to 20% of the lameness cases. The present study searched to establish a protocol based on score points for the thoracolumbar physical exam, by which it is able to determine the possible affected areas and the seriousness of the injuries. Along with the physical exam, it was performed an ultrasonographic exam of the thoracolumbar region to characterize and classify the injuries found, as to accompany its evolution after treatment. It was observed a clear reduction in the physical exam score sum in all animals between the exam days being that the exam of most of the animals presented a zero score at 60 days after the treatment. Relating the evolution of the clinical exam with the ultrasonography image tests, there was a positive association between the reduction score in the severity scale and the evolution of the ultrasonographic image of the evaluated structures. Thus, it can be concluded that gradation of the physical exam showed to be efficient and allowed the monitoring of the clinical evolution, as the answer of the injuries to the suggested treatment. Besides that, the results showed that 60 days is the ideal time for the first reevaluation of the animal after the treatment.

The role of B-mode ultrasonography in the musculoskeletal anatomical evaluation of the cervical region of the dog spine

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Influência de calços na orientação postural de indivíduos com escoliose idiopática

INTRODUCTION: The relationship between the orientation of the segments and the adjustments that can be triggered by shoe lift and insoles in scoliotic patients during maintenance of standing position is unclear. OBJECTIVE: To verify static changes and those associated with unilateral manipulations of shoe lift in the postural orientation in people with idiopathic scoliosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Experimental group composed of ten patients with idiopathic scoliosis with double curve (less 10°) and control group with ten participants without scoliosis (aging from 13 to 24 years). Participants were videotaped in upright stance, standing with no, low (1 cm), and high (3 cm) shoe lift, which were placed under right and left shoe. In each condition, the participant maintain upright stance for 15 seconds and reflective markers were affixed on specific anatomical places. Postural angles were obtained: high thoracic; medium thoracic; thoracolumbar; and lumbar, as well segmental angles: shoulder; scapula; pelvis; and knee. RESULTS: In the no shoe lift condition, differences were observed between groups for high and medium thoracic angles and for shoulder. With low and high shoe lift under the right foot, difference was observed between shoe lift heights for high thoracic, for pelvis and knee angles. With low and high shoe lift under the left foot, differences between groups were observed for thoracolumbar angle and between shoe lift heights for pelvis and knee angles. CONCLUSIONS: The shoe lift promotes reorientation in the lower regions of the spine and segments of pelvis and knee. It might be suggested that in the scoliosis with double curves, manipulation in the basis of support changes the alignment of the trunk that might promote structural reorganization and the search of new adjustments among segments in individuals with idiopathic scoliosis.

Clinical manifestations and experimental studies on the spine extract of the toadfish Porichthys porosissimus

Toadfish are fish from the family Batrachoididae that are found in marine and brackish environment around the world. Among the toadfish, Porichthys genus is very common, where Porichthys porosissimus, also called Atlantic Midshipman is found in Southwest Atlantic, from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil to eastern Argentina. There was no consensus about the classification of the genus Porichthys as venomous fish because so far there are no published Studies regarding human envenomations and/or toxic activities induced in animal models. Herein, we report two conclusive envenoming in human beings caused by P porosissimus spines, with clear signs and symptoms that were very important for the development of our experimental studies. We demonstrated that the P. porosissimus spine extract, now venom, can induce nociceptive and edematogenic responses in mice as well an induction of an inflammatory response elicited by intravital microscopy and leukocyte migration. Finally, we identified in the P. porosissimus spine extract, through analysis by mass spectrometry, the presence of proteins previously detected in the venoms of other fish species and other venomous animals. We believe that based on our studies we will dismiss the non-venomous nature of this fish and clarify this issue. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

conventional radiography and computed tomography to cervical spine study of adult horses - review

The imaging is essential to aid the diagnosis of horses that have performance decrease associated with any pain or clinical signs related to the vertebral column. Radiography is the first imaging examination performed in these cases, particularly for disorders affecting the cervical region. However, this technique has limitations when the study of subtle changes due to the overlapping of adjacent structures. Computed tomography is a new diagnostic method in Brazil for the study of bone disorders in horses, but it is of great diagnostic value associate with the radiographic examination in order to provide an accurate assessment of the study area, owing to superiority in image quality when compared to conventional radiography. The aim of this study is increase and update knowledge of diagnostic imaging available to investigate cervical disorders in horses.

Vertebral spine of Tamandu-mirim Tamandua tetradactyla

Anatomical studies of the anteater (Tamandua tetradactyla) are scarce and the articles that describe the vertebral column of this species have variations in the number of thoracic and lumbar vertebrae. This study had the objective of adding data to the existing literature about the anatomical composition of an anteater's vertebral column using radiographic and tomographic exams. Based on the cadaver of a young female anteater, we observed a total of 7 cervical, 16 thoracic, 3 lumbar and 5 sacral vertebrae, which differed from the cited literature, especially with respect to the thoracic vertebrae. This demonstrates the need for studies with a larger number of individuals in order to standardize possible anatomic variations for the species.

Validation of cone-beam computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the porcine spine: a comparative study with multidetector computed tomography and anatomical specimens

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Functional neurologic recovery in two dogs diagnosed with severe luxation of the vertebral column

Traumatic injuries to the vertebral column, spinal cord, and cauda equina nerve roots occur frequently in human and veterinary medicine and lead to devastating consequences. Complications include partial or complete loss of motor, sensory, and visceral functions, which are among the main causes of euthanasia in dogs. The present case report describes neurological functional recovery in two dogs that were treated surgically for severe spinal fracture and vertebral luxation. In the first case, a stray, mixed breed puppy was diagnosed with thoracolumbar syndrome and Schiff-Scherrington posture, as well as a T13 caudal epiphyseal fracture with 100% luxation between vertebrae T13 and L1; despite these injuries, the animal did show deep pain sensation in the pelvic limbs. Decompression through hemilaminectomy and spinal stabilization with vertebral body pins and bone cement were performed, and the treatment was supplemented with physiotherapy and acupuncture. In the second case, a mixed breed dog was diagnosed with a vertebral fracture and severe luxation between L6 and L7 after a vehicular trauma, but maintained nociception and perineal reflex. Surgical stabilization of the spine was performed using a modified dorsal segmental fixation technique Both patients showed significant recovery of neurological function. Complete luxation of the spinal canal observed radiographically does not mean a poor prognosis, and in some cases, motor, sensory, and visceral functions all have the potential for recovery. In the first case the determining factor for good prognosis was the presence of deep pain perception, and in the second case the prognosis was determined by the presence of sensitivity and anal sphincter tone during the initial neurological examination.

Relação entre testes clínicos e desfechos de dor e incapacidade de pacientes com dor lombar crônica não específica submetidos ao programa de controle motor

Pós-graduação em Fisioterapia - FCT

Descrição anatômica das estruturas osteoarticulares do esqueleto axial do tatu-galinha (Dasypus novemcinctus Linnaeus, 1758) por meio da radiografia e tomografia computadorizada

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)