Nas franjas do rural-urbano: meninas entre a tradição e a modernidade

Este artigo gira em torno da possibilidade de reinterpretar dados de pesquisa do passado, à luz das Teorias da Complexidade, conectando-os a dados atuais para conseguir explicações mais compreensivas. São tomados então alguns dados de minhas pesquisas sobre o rural-urbano, a saber: dados quantitativos do Censo de Assentamentos Rurais do Estado de São Paulo sobre as expectativas dos pais em relação à escolarização de meninos e meninas (anos 90); dados qualitativos de uma pesquisa com redações escolares realizada na região de Araraquara no início dos anos 80. Construindo-se uma ponte entre as duas situações, o argumento central é o de que questão das meninas na zona rural deve ser discutida levando-se em conta a relação rural-urbano e superando-se essa dicotomia sob a ótica da história recente do país. Observa-se então que as transformações pelas quais passa a sociedade nacional se refeletem no campo e a conexão entre os dois momentos enfocados (anos 90 versus início dos anos 80) é reveladora de que os germens dessas mudanças já se anunciavam nas relações de algumas meninas que criticavam a sobrecarga do trabalho doméstico sobre os próprios ombros, principalmente sobre os de suas mães.

As relações entre o pequeno município e o espaço rural: Cristais Paulistas (SP) - um estudo de caso

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Agrupamento dos municípios do Estado de São Paulo segundo indicadores de consumo de energia elétrica produtiva rural e produção agropecuária

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

Influência do ambiente rural e urbano no desenvolvimento funcional de crianças de até seis anos de idade

The influence of the environment on psychomotor development of children is evidenced in many studies. Many factors can threaten children’s development and hinder the children with regard to functional activities. Objective: The objective of this research was to investigate the possible effects of urban and rural environment on the functional performance of children under six years old. Methods: The study included 30 children divided into two groups, one group consisted of 15 children of both genres with a mean age of 44.13 ± 20.97 months, residing in urban area and another for 15 children, both sexes with a mean age of 44.33 ± 20.91 months, residing in rural areas. All were tested using functional Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI), which is based on an evaluation trial, conducted through structured interviews with those responsible for the child. This test outlines the functional profi le of children in three performance areas: self-care, mobility and social function, evaluated in three parts (functional skills, caregiver assistance and modifi cations to the environment). In this study we used the parts I (funcional skills) and II (caregiver assistance) in three areas: self-care, mobility and social function. The collected data were analyzed by means of the Mann - Whitney test, with the level of signifi cance at p ≤ 0.05. Results: The results show no signifi cant difference in the areas of self-care and mobility, both in relation to functional abilities when the caregiver assistance. In the area of social function, there was a lower performance of children living in rural areas, in functional abilities (p = 0.027) and caregiver assistance (p = 0.028). Conclusion: Based on this information, we can conclude that children who live in rural areas have a worse development of the social functions of children living in urban areas.

Patógenos bacterianos isolados de fezes de felinos domésticos, sem sinais entéricos, de ambiente urbano e rural

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Agroecologia e sua epistemologia

In the scope of this work Agroecology is considered as a science that demands and seeks a different epistemology from that used by conventional science in order to build its methodological approaches. Within this context, this paper presents the results of a theoretical effort to systematize the state of the art of the debate on this subject. It establishes that Agroecology requires a transdisciplinary approach to deal with the socio-environmental crisis currently experienced in the rural environment. At the end, it is indicated that the theory of complex thinking, proposed by Edgar Morin, can constitute an interesting philosophical framework wherein Agroecology can be based with the aim of establishing a new paradigm for addressing rural areas.

Epidemiological and Serological Aspects in Canine Toxoplasmosis in Animals with Nervous Symptoms

The presence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii IgM and IgG antibodies was studied in samples of blood serum taken from eighty dogs with nervous symptoms at the Serviço de Enfermidades Infecciosas dos Animais, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Unesp, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil. The frequency of IgG titers were 16 (13.7%), 64 (13.7%), and 256 (5%), and for IgM titers were 16 (7.5%), 64 (15%), and 256 (8.7%). Positive reactions were more frequent in the older animals, males, from a rural environment, in constant contact with small animals, principally birds and rodents. There was a higher frequency of a positive reaction in dogs fed with kitchen food, especially in those fed with raw ingredients. The most common neurological pictures were alterations in consciousness, in movement, and in the hand-cart test. The percentage of reagents with specific IgM antibodies was high, indicating active infections, but the possibility of co-infection with the distemper virus can not be discarded, and this may be a predisposing factor for toxoplasmosis infection, once the distemper virus has a potent immunosupressive action.

Pelagic and littoral cladocerans (Crustacea, Anomopoda and Ctenopoda) from reservoirs of the Northwest of São Paulo State, Brazil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Alternatives Panels from Waste Plastics Reinforced With Fibers of Pupunha Palm for Use in Civil Construction and Furniture Industry

In order to cooperate in minimizing the problems of the current and growing volume of waste, this work aims at the production of panels made from industrial waste -thermoplastic (Polypropylene - PP; Polyethylene - PE and Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene - ABS) reinforced with agro-industrial waste - pupunha palm waste (shells and sheaths). The properties of the panels were evaluated: density, thickness swelling, water absorption and moisture content. It was used the ASTM D1037; EN 317; and ANSI A208.1 standards regarding particle boards. The best results in physical tests were treatments 1 (100% waste plastic), 6 (60% plastic waste and 40% waste of pupunha) and 7 (70% waste plastic and 30% waste of pupunha). The best results in the mechanical tests were treatments 3 (30% de residuos plasticos e 70% de residuos da pupunha), 4 (40% de residuos plasticos c 60% de residuos da pupunha) and 5 (50% de residuos plasticos e 50% de residuos da pupunha). For mechanical tests it was concluded that the results of modulus of rupture and of modulus of elasticity the best treatments were those with more fibers. In the tensile tests perpendicular to the surface, it is clear that using more waste plastics leads to the best results. It was concluded that the waste can be used as raw material for the production of alternative materials mainly in civil construction and furniture industries, and it can be employed in urban or rural environment, given the concept of eco-efficient products.

Comportamento contrátil de barreiras selantes de solo estabilizado para base de lagoas de tratamento

Liners were proposed as subsoil contamination protection devices for waste disposal sites. In the rural environment, they can be used to construct pond bottoms for liquid waste treatment, but the construction needs to be quick and cheap. A good technical solution for these situations is the use of local soil compacted with low quantities of cement or lime, obtaining good properties for this purpose. These barriers need special care about their contraction behavior which may compromise its use. This work shows the results of contraction tests in sandy soil specimens and others stabilized with lime and with cement. Soil structure changes during cure time were checked using electronic scan microscopy. Results show maximum soil contraction of 0.648% for specimen with 14 days cure process. After twenty eight days of cure the contraction values were lower than 0.5%, which classifies the material as of low contraction. Electronic scan image shows significant material structure alteration up to seven days cure. Results show that studied mixtures had appropriate contraction behavior for liner usage.

Análise dos processos de decomposição e sucessão ecológica em carcaças de suínos (Sus scrofa L.) mortos por disparo de arma de fogo e overdose de cocaína e protocolo de procedimento diante de corpo de delito

Pós-graduação em Biologia Geral e Aplicada - IBB

Mapeamento de fragmentos de mata no município de Maringá, PR: uma abordagem da ecologia da paisagem

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Formação de depósitos tecnogênicos e relações com o uso e ocupação do solo no perímetro urbano de Presidente Prudente-SP

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

O clima urbano de Assis/SP: estudo comparativo da temperatura e umidade relativa entre a cidade e o campo

It is known that the urban environment modifies the energy balance between the surface and the atmosphere, causing changes in temperature, relative humidity, among other things, opening the way for studies aimed at urban climatology. Based on the theme of urban climate, this research focuses on the city of Assis, located west of São Paulo. The generation of urban climate is a result of various factors, among which stand out: the use and different land use, the thermodynamic properties of buildings, number of buildings in the urban, socioeconomic activities, etc.. In general, this increases the temperature and reducing relative humidity, providing thermal discomfort. The rural environment is used for comparison studies to this theme by presenting different characteristics in relation to the structure, morphology and urban functionality. The main objective of this study is to determine the characteristics of temperature and humidity environments with the habits and occupations of the different soils in winter, at night, one inserted into the urban fabric of Assis and the other in the rural environment, to verify for evidence of changes in climatic elements because of urbanization. To collect the data will be used mini automatic weather stations that record data on temperature and humidity. For analysis of the results will be made between the data obtained in the city and the countryside, developing graphics application using Excel to tabulate the data. It was found that there were differences in the thermo-hygrometric data collection points, showing a specific urban climate in the city of Assis

A ruralidade em pequenos municípios do interior paulista: Cristais Paulista SP como estudo de caso

This study has as central theme the small district and the relationships established in the rural environment. The objective of the study is to analyze the reality from Cristais Paulista, located in the northeast of the State of São Paulo. Understanding as its relationship works, it was made a small rescue of classic studies on the relationship countryside-city, including the recent brazilian debate about the theme. In the present study we can observe the rural habits and also different urban customs in the small municipal district studied and also some particularities resulted of the social relationships among the residents of the countryside and of the city, always marked by the personality character. In the study of the small municipal district it was adopted as methodology the analysis Maria de Nazareth Baudel Wanderley (2001a), when she proposes five dimensions to analyze the municipal districts from Pernambuco. The application of the methodology in Cristais Paulista, allowed to understand the space building, the functions, the dynamics and the socio economical meanings of those small areas.