Environmental education and the health risk question: how do we educate the educators working with this theme?

Our society is presently seeing a trend of continuous increase of risk with severe consequences, especially those linked to environmental aspects. It has obligated us to reflect on this production and its effects, either positive or negative, and, after a long reflection, to think about the adopted model of civilization and the possibilities of changing such a model. The educational institution is among the social departments responsible for this revision process, since it represents one possibility to promote a more critical vision from society, providing it with tools needed for a more responsible action. However, schools are dominated by a traditional work, which does not allow for enough and proper attention to these relevant and current questions, and which involve a critical analysis of the conceptions and values established by our civilization, resulting in the present patterns of science-technology-society relations and their influence on the environment and health. Several research works have indicated a diversity of barriers that obstruct this necessary change. Since formal education plays an important role in the education of society for this theme, in this paper the possibilities and difficulty dealing with this problem are discussed, focusing on the question of teacher education, based on investigations related to teacher education programs for environmental education. The data collected show the urgency for introducing this theme in teacher training programs, taking into account the fact that educators have their own conceptions, values and attitudes that should be considered in these programs.

Long-term treatment with alendronate increases the surgical difficulty during simple exodontias - an in vivo observation in Holtzman rats

Background: Atraumatic teeth extractions protocols are highly encouraged in patients taking bisphosphonates (Bps) to reduce surgical trauma and, consequently, the risk of jaws osteonecrosis development. In this way, this paper aims to report the findings of increased surgical difficulty during simple exodontias in animals treated with bisphosphonates.Methods: Sixty male Holtzman rats were randomly distributed into three groups of 20 animals and received daily subcutaneous administration of 1 mg/kg (AL1) or 3 mg/kg (AL3) of alendronate or saline solution (CTL). After 60 days of drug therapy all animals were submitted to first lower molars extractions under general anesthesia. Operatory surgical time and the frequency of teeth fractures were measured as principal outcomes and indicators of surgical difficulty degree.Results: Animals treated with alendronate (AL1 and AL3) were associated to higher operatory times and increased frequency of teeth fractures compared to match controls.Conclusions: The bisphosphonate therapy may be associated with an increased surgical difficulty and trauma following simple exodontias protocols, which is considered a critical issue when it comes to osteonecrosis development.

Consenso brasileiro para o diagnóstico e tratamento do hipertireoidismo: recomendações do Departamento de Tireoide da Sociedade Brasileira de Endocrinologia e Metabologia

INTRODUÇÃO: O hipertireoidismo é caracterizado pelo aumento da síntese e liberação dos hormônios tireoidianos pela glândula tireoide. A tireotoxicose refere-se à síndrome clínica decorrente do excesso de hormônios tireoidianos circulantes, secundário ao hipertireoidismo ou não. Este artigo descreve diretrizes baseadas em evidências clínicas para o manejo da tireotoxicose. OBJETIVO: O presente consenso, elaborado por especialistas brasileiros e patrocinado pelo Departamento de Tireoide da Sociedade Brasileira de Endocrinologia e Metabologia, visa abordar o manejo, diagnóstico e tratamento dos pacientes com tireotoxicose, de acordo com as evidências mais recentes da literatura e adequadas para a realidade clínica do país. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Após estruturação das questões clínicas, foi realizada busca das evidências disponíveis na literatura, inicialmente na base de dados do MedLine-PubMed e posteriormente nas bases Embase e SciELO - Lilacs. A força das evidências, avaliada pelo sistema de classificação de Oxford, foi estabelecida a partir do desenho de estudo utilizado, considerando-se a melhor evidência disponível para cada questão. RESULTADOS: Foram definidas 13 questões sobre a abordagem clínica inicial visando ao diagnóstico e ao tratamento que resultaram em 53 recomendações, incluindo investigação etiológica, tratamento com drogas antitireoidianas, iodo radioativo e cirurgia. Foram abordados ainda o hipertireoidismo em crianças, adolescentes ou pacientes grávidas e o manejo do hipertireoidismo em pacientes com oftalmopatia de Graves e com outras causas diversas de tireotoxicose. CONCLUSÕES: O diagnóstico clínico do hipertireoidismo, geralmente, não oferece dificuldade e a confirmação diagnóstica deverá ser feita com as dosagens das concentrações séricas de TSH e hormônios tireoidianos. O tratamento pode ser realizado com drogas antitireoidianas, administração de radioiodoterapia ou cirurgia de acordo com a etiologia da tireotoxicose, as características clínicas, disponibilidade local de métodos e preferências do médico-assistente e paciente.

The distribution of agricultural land and the question of agrarian reform in Brazil

Agrarian reform has long been an acute issue in Brazil, where the distribution of cultivable land is extremely unequal. The Land Statute adopted by the military in 1964 constituted a genuine reform programme, which, however, was never implemented as the government chose to modernize agriculture and expand cultivated areas. This has prevented the poorest from having access to the land.-from English summary

A simple solution for the flavor question

We consider a simple way of solving the flavor question by embedding the three-family standard model in a semisimple gauge group extending minimally the weak isospin factor. Quantum chiral anomalies between families of fermions cancel with a matching of the number of families and the number of color degrees of freedom. Our demonstration shows how the theory leads to determination of families structure when the standard model is the input at low energies. The new physics is limited to start below a few TeVs within the reach of the next generation colliders.

Brésil: les territoires de la question agraire

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Actual Brazilian habitations in wood: A technology in development or a question of fashion?

Over the past few years there have significantly been increased the articles that approach the constructions in wood or with structure in wood in the specialized Brazilian magazines. This increase brings up indications that the incorporated values to these habitations are modifying, however it is not so simple to conclude that these issues can be associated to the development of incorporated technologies to the constructive system. The work presents, firstly, a survey performed in these publications that had the objective to verify which the constructive systems in wood is being more executed, under which cultural and technician standards. From that survey it was performed a study of the habitations constructed in mixing system whose structures are timbers and walls in masonry. The aesthetic and cultural questions involved are argued considering mainly that these habitations belong to a social class whose purchasing power increased.

De platon à candido: la littérature en question

Cette étude propose, à partir de quelques conceptions de littérature qui circulent dans le domaine de la critique littéraire, une approche théorico-critique. Pour ce faire, on partira de la vision platonicienne et aristotélicienne, pour ensuite discuter les contradictions observables dans les concepts mêmes de littérature. A la fin, on se décidera pour une conception spécifique, en raison de sa flexibilité.

Anterior restorations in bleached teeth: Difficulty establishing the color after bleaching

It is becoming more common for patients to look for cosmetic procedures in dental offices. The search for lost or desired esthetics by patients is increasingly frequent and the professional must be able to meet this demand. To do this, dentists not only need to return the tooth back to its normal functioning state but also promote esthetic excellence. In this context, the association of cosmetic procedures, such as teeth whitening and restorative procedures, such as direct adhesive restorations is very common. The composite resins employed nowadays allow the reproduction of various optical properties of natural teeth. With these composite resins, it is possible to reproduce features such as translucency, opacity and specific features of the dental element, to bring back the esthetic harmony of the smile. This article reports a clinical case demonstrating the placement, in a stratified manner, of composite resins in bleached teeth, as well as the reproduction of optical and natural aspects of the teeth. In order to achieve esthetic and functional success of the restored procedure, it is important to be familiar with the new techniques and new materials in the marketand above all, we must know when and where to use them.

Um estudo sobre os conhecimentos geométricos adquiridos por alunos do ensino médio

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

A questão do aboutness em documentos narrativos ficcionais: subsídios para a análise documental de crônicas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Indicadores de estresse e estratégias de enfrentamento de meninos com sinais preditivos para o TDAH

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

As drogas segundo a percepção de professores e alunos do ensino fundamental

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

A inclusão de crianças surdas em classe de ensino regular numa escola pública de ensino fundamental: realidade e perspectivas

Pós-graduação em Psicologia - FCLAS

O professor-colaborador no estágio curricular supervisionado em educação física: perfil, papel e potencialidades

Pós-graduação em Ciências da Motricidade - IBRC