Net requirements of protein and energy for maintenance of wool and hair lambs in a tropical region

The objective of this work was to evaluate the total endogenous N losses, and protein and energy net requirements for maintenance in growing lambs. Thirty-four castrated lambs, 17 F1 Ideal X Ile de France wool and 17 Santa Inas hair lambs, averaging 20 +/- 0.14 kg BW, were used in the experiment. Five animals from each genotype were slaughtered at the beginning of the experiment and taken as controls. Diets (D) were composed of concentrate mix (C) and Cynodon sp. c.v. Tifton 85 hay (R), combined in three different ratios: D1 = 60C:40R; D2 = 40C:60R and D3 = 20C:80R. Animals of each group of three lambs, that showed BW of 20 kg at the beginning of the dietary regimen, were slaughtered when one of them reached 35 kg, what always happened to be the one fed with D1. Total endogenous N losses estimated for wool lambs were 250 mg N/kg BW0.75. For hair lambs, total endogenous N losses reached 324 mg N/kg BW0.75 . Hair lambs showed higher (P < 0.01) (29.9%) net requirements of protein for maintenance than wool lambs. In contrast, net energy (NE) requirement for maintenance was similar (P > 0.05) for both genotypes (74.27 kcal/kg BW0.75 per day), the average of the antilog of the two intercept values obtained from the estimated regression equations of heat production for zero metabolizable energy (ME) consumption. Further studies should be done to check if this trend is also true for metabolizable energy and protein in animals exhibiting BW gains in tropical region. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. B.V. All rights reserved.

Net and metabolizable protein requirements for body weight gain in hair and wool lambs

Protein is one of the limiting factors in animal production, and the knowledge of protein requirements by livestock is crucial for the success of a commercial animal raising enterprise. Thirty-four castrated lambs, 17 of them F1 Ideal x lie de France wool lambs and the remaining ones were Santa Ines hair lambs, with homogeneous initial BW, were used in the experiment. Five animals from each genotype were slaughtered in the beginning of the experimental period and used as reference. Diets (D) were composed of concentrate mix (C) and Cynodon sp. c.v. Tifton 85 hay (R), combined in three different ratios: D1 =60CAOR; D2=40C:60R and D3=20C:80R. Animals of each group of three lambs, that showed simultaneously an initial BW of 20 +/- 0.14 kg at the beginning of the dietary regimen, were slaughtered when one of them reached 35 kg, what always happened to be the one fed with D1. Net requirements for BW gain in wool lamb, fleece-free, ranged from 101 to 110 g of protein/kg BW, and for hair lamb ranged from 1 10 to 118 g of protein/kg BW. Net protein requirements for wool production ranged from 634 to 642 g/kg of produced wool. Hair lambs presented a 7.8-9.5% higher estimated net protein requirements than wool lambs, according to BW and daily weight gain (DG). Total net protein requirements for Santa Ines and wool lambs, with 30 kg of initial B W and an approximate 200 g mean DG, were 48.5 and 45.4 g/day, respectively. Metabolizable protein requirements for Santa Ines and wool lambs, with 20 kg of initial BW and an approximate 200 g mean DG were 59.4 g and 76.5 -/day, respectively. Net protein requirements for wool production was 64g/100g of produced wool. Thus, under the conditions of this experiment, it is concluded that hair lambs showed a higher concentration of protein in the body, more efficient use of the ingested protein and a consequent additional BW gain when fed isoproteic diets as compared to F1 Ideal x Ile de France wool lambs. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved.

Body Composition and Net Energy Requirements for Maintenance of Non-Castrated Water Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)

The research aimed to estimate body contents of protein and energy and net requirements of energy for maintenance of buffaloes, slaughtered at different stages of maturity. There were used 14 Mediterranean intact males with initial average body weight of 352.2 +/- 24.3 kg and average age of 24 months. The animais were randomly divided into four experimental groups. One group was designed to slaughter at the beginning of the experimental period (IS). The animals of another group were restricting fed, receiving, individually, levels of protein and energy 15% above maintenance (RF). The animals of the two remaining groups were individually fed ad libitum (SW450 and SW500) to reach weights corresponding to 100 and 110 percent of the mature weight of the buffalo cows (respectively 450 and 550 kg). The ration contained ground-corn cobs, soybean meal, urea, minerals, and signal-grass (Brachiaria decumbens) hay, with a concentrate: roughage ratio of 50: 50 and 13% of crude protein on a dry matter basis. To estimate changes in body composition inside the range of weights included in the trial, linear regression equations of log protein (kg), fat (kg) and energy (Mcal) as a function of log empty-body-weight (EBW), in kg, were fitted. Energy requirements for maintenance were obtained as estimated heat production at zero level of energy intake. Buffaloes submitted to fattening in feedlot presented early body fat deposition, and had with the same live weight lower protein content and higher fat content and energy per unit weight than european-zebu crossbred cattle.

Macromineral requirements for the maintenance and growth of Boer crossbred kids

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Macromineral requirements for growing Saanen goat kids

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Mineral requirements for growth of wool and hair lambs

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Mineral requirements for growth of Moxoto goats grazing in the semi-arid region of Brazil

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Energy requirements for maintenance and growth of Caninde goat kids

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Mineral requirements for growth and maintenance of F-1 Boer x Saanen male kids

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Macromineral requirements in male and female Saanen goats

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Exigências de minerais para cabras SRD durante a gestação: cálcio e fósforo

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Composição corporal e exigências nutricionais de proteína e energia para cordeiros Morada Nova

Este trabalho foi realizado objetivando-se determinar a composição corporal de proteína, gordura e energia e as exigências nutricionais de proteína e energia para mantença e ganho de peso de ovinos Morada Nova. Foram utilizados 30 cordeiros com peso vivo (PV) médio inicial de 15 kg. Para determinação da composição corporal, pela metodologia do abate comparativo, seis cordeiros (animais-referência) foram abatidos aos 15 kg, seis aos 20 kg (abate intermediário) e os demais foram distribuídos em seis grupos (um para cada dieta) de três animais, de acordo com a relação volumoso(V):concentrado(C): 40:60, 55:45 e 70:30. Os cordeiros em cada grupo foram abatidos quando o que recebia a dieta com maior teor de concentrado atingiu 25 kg de PV. A composição corporal variou de 181,53 a 178,74 g de proteína; 72,37 a 131,11 g de gordura e 1,81 a 2,34 Mcal de energia por kg de peso de corpo vazio (PCV). As exigências líquidas de ganho variaram de 222,30 a 218,6 g de proteína e de 3,30 a 4,28 Mcal de energia por kg de PV ganho. As perdas endógenas de nitrogênio foram de 0,332 g/kg0,75/dia. A exigência líquida de energia para mantença, estimada pela produção de calor em jejum, foi de 52,49 kcal/kg0,75 de PCV. As exigências de proteína e energia metabolizável para cordeiros dos 15 aos 25 kg de PV, com ganho de peso diário de 100 g, oscilaram de 53,46 a 60,19 g/dia e de 1,47 a 2,00 Mcal/dia, respectivamente.

Composição corporal e exigências nutricionais em magnésio, potássio e sódio de cordeiros Santa Inês

O trabalho objetivou determinar a composição corporal de cordeiros Santa Inês e estimar suas exigências de magnésio, potássio e sódio, para ganho de peso. Foram conduzidos dois experimentos com 18 cordeiros machos em cada um, com peso médio inicial de 25 e 15 kg no primeiro e no segundo experimentos, respectivamente. em cada experimento, seis animais foram abatidos, para determinação das quantidades de cada mineral retido no corpo, servindo como animais-referência para a técnica do abate comparativo. Os doze animais remanescentes em cada experimento foram divididos em dois grupos: seis animais receberam alimentação ad libitum e seis receberam alimentação restrita. Os cordeiros do grupo ad libitum e restrito foram abatidos quando os do grupo ad libitum atingiram 35 e 25 kg de peso vivo no primeiro e segundo experimentos, respectivamente. A composição corporal em Ca, P, Mg, K e Na foi estimada a partir de equações de regressão do logaritmo da quantidade desses minerais presentes no corpo vazio dos animais, em razão do peso corporal vazio. As exigências líquidas desses minerais por kg de ganho de peso vivo, obtidas a partir da derivação das equações de predição da composição corporal foram: 0,47 e 0,41 g de Mg, 2,32 e 2,05 g de K e 1,33 e 0,55 g de Na, respectivamente, em animais com 15 e 35 kg.

Exigências de energia para mantença de bovinos zebuínos não-castrados em confinamento

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Conteúdo Corporal e Exigências Líquidas de Proteína e Energia de Novilhos Suplementados no Período das Águas

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)