Nitric oxide modulates the cardiovascular effects elicited by acetylcholine in the NTS of awake rats

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

On the identity of Hyla strigilata Spix, 1824 (Anura : Hylidae): redescription and neotype designation for a ghost taxon

Recent field work in Atlantic Rain Forest patches in the southern region of the State of Bahia, Brazil, resulted in the discovery of some populations of an unidentified species of the Scinax catharinae group. An extensive literature review, along with the examination of specimens and distribution patterns of all known species of this group, showed that Hyla strigilata Spix, 1824, a long confused species with lost type material, is an available name for the specimens from Bahia. In order to clarify the taxonomic problems surrounding this taxon, the nomenclatural history of Hyla strigilata is reviewed and a neotype is designated, described, and figured. The association of this name to extant populations from southern Bahia and its consequent stabilization is considered important since it is the type species of the genus Ololygon, a name available for the clade of Scinax catharinae. Data on habits, habitat, and geographic distribution are also presented.

A dimensão teórica e metodológica da catalogação de assunto

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Santo Antônio e a vaca, um verdadeiro cinema caipira em Araraquara.

O texto analisa o filme Santo Antonio e a vaca, realizado no ano de 1958, na cidade de Araraquara. Nesse filme pioneiro, procura-se criar um cinema com narrativa e estética caipiras, mas para subverter a moderna e tecnológica linguagem cinematográfica. Santo Antônio e a Vaca resgata um tema típico das comunidades rurais, a chamadan narrativa moral na forma do “causo”, e o apresenta com acanhadas tomadas de câmera, sem a exploração dos recursos especialmente cinematográficos. O tema e a forma do filme foram adotados por seu idealizador e diretor, Wallace Leal, como uma forma de reação à demolição do teatro da cidade para ceder lugar à construção que abrigaria a prefeitura de Araraquara. À época em que o teatro foi demolido, Wallace Leal dirigia uma trupe teatral, que apresentava com certo sucesso o espetáculo que inspiraria e daria nome à fita.

O funcionamento de nomes próprios no processo de referenciação

Pós-graduação em Estudos Linguísticos - IBILCE

Considerações sobre planejamento de eclusagens na hidrovia Tietê-Paraná

Pós-graduação em Engenharia de Produção - FEB

Secondary aspergillus fumigatus infection associated with coloidal goiter in a Black-masked Lovebird (Agapornis personata)

Aspergillosis is caused by fungus of Aspergillus genus. Is a multifactorial secondary disease and occurs mainly to immunodeficiency. Goiter is the name to non-inflammatory and non-neoplasic thyroid growth which affecting the animal metabolism. In this report we describe a case of aspergillosis and colloidal goiter in a male Black-masked lovebird (Agapornis personata) diagnosed by post mortem exam. The bird was presented for examination due to severe respiratory signs. An initial palliative treatment was performed in order to relieve the symptoms. Despite this, the patient came to die without performing additional ancillary tests. On gross exam, a pulmonary nodule was observed from which we were able to isolate Aspergillus fumigatus on microbial culture. Histological assessment revealed pulmonary aspergilosis and colloid goiter. Based on histopathological and microbiological assessments we conclude that infection probably was secondary to colloid goiter.

A criança nativa digital no contexto de filmes publicitários

Pós-graduação em Psicologia - FCLAS

Hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of silibinin on experimental preeclampsia induced by 1-NAME in rats

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Lateral hypothalamus lesions influences water and salt intake, and sodium and urine excretion, and arterial blood pressure induced by L-NAME and FK 409 injections into median preoptic nucleus in conscious rats

Male Holtzman rats weighting 200-250 g were anesthetized with zoletil 50 mg/Kg (tiletamine chloridrate 125,0 mg and zolazepan chloridrate 125,0 mg) into quadriceps muscle and submitted an electrolytic lesion of the lateral hypothalamus (LH) and a stainless steel cannula was implanted into their median preoptic nucleus (MnPO). We investigated the effects of the injection into the (MnPO) of FK 409 (20 mug/0.5 mul), a nitric oxide (NO) donor, and N-W-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) 40 mug/0.5 mul, a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor (NOSI), on the water and sodium appetite and the natriuretic, diuretic and cardiovascular effects induced by injection of L-NAME and FK 409 injected into MnPO in rats with LH lesions. Controls were injected with a similar volume of 0.15 M NaCl. L-NAME injected into MnPO produced an increase in water and sodium intake and in sodium and urine excretion and increase de mean arterial pressure (MAP). FK 409 injected into MnPO did not produce any change in the hydro electrolytic and cardiovascular parameters in LH-sham and lesioned rats. FK 409 injected before L-NAME attenuated its effects. These data show that electrolytic lesion of the LH reduces fluid and sodium intake as well as sodium and urine excretion, and the pressor effect induced by L-NAME. LH involvement with NO of the MnPO excitatory and inhibitory mechanisms related to water and sodium intake, sodium excretion and cardiovascular control is suggested. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Differential vascular adaptive response to stress exposure in male and female rats: Role of gonadal hormones and endothelial cells

Although there are reports concerning a vascular adaptive response to stress in males, this is not yet defined in females. The aim of this study was to delineate functional gender differences in the rat vascular adaptive response to stress and to determine the ability of sex hormones to modulate the stress-induced vascular adaptive response. Responses to noradrenaline were evaluated in aortas, with and without endothelium, from intact, gonadectomized and gonadectomized-hormone-replaced males and females submitted or not to stress (2-h immobilization). Reactivity of the aorta of stressed and non-stressed intact males and females (n = 6-14 per group) was also examined in the presence of L-NAME or indomethacin. Stress decreased and gonadectomy increased maximal responses to noradrenaline in aortas with intact endothelium from both genders. Stress also reduced noradrenaline potency in males. In females, but not males, stress decreased the gonadectomy-induced noradrenaline hyper-reactivity to near that of intact non-stressed rats. Hormone replacement restored the gonadectomy-induced impaired vascular adaptive response to stress. L-NAME, but not indomethacin, abolished the stress-induced decrease in aorta reactivity of males and females. None of the procedures altered reactivity of aortas denuded of endothelium. Conclusion: Stress-induced vascular adaptive responses show gender differences. The magnitude of the adaptive response is dependent on testicular hormones and involves endothelial nitric oxide-system hyperactivity.

The sympathetic adrenomedullary system, but not the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, participates in aorta adaptive response to stress: nitric oxide involvement

Stress induced a decrease in the reactivity of the aorta to noradrenaline (NA), as a consequence of an endothelial nitric oxide (NO) system hyperactivity. The main characteristic of the stress response is activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and sympathetic adrenomedullary (SA) system. The participation of the HPA axis and SA system in the decreased reactivity to NA in the aorta of rats exposed to 4-h immobilization was investigated. Concentration-response relationships for NA were obtained in the aorta, with and without endothelium, isolated from normal and stressed rats, following these procedures: (1) in the absence and presence of L-NAME; (2) after adrenalectomy (ADX) or not, in the absence or presence of L-NAME; (3) ADX rats treated or not with corticosterone; (4) ADX associated with stress; and (5) treated or not with reserpine. The reactivity of aorta without endothelium was unaffected by the procedures. The reactivity of aorta with endothelium was decreased by either stress or ADX. This effect was reversed by both L-NAME and corticosterone. ADX did not potentiate the decrease in the aorta reactivity induced by stress. Reserpine did not change the reactivity of aorta with endothelium from normal rats, but prevented the decrease in reactivity induced by stress. It is concluded that the HPA axis participates in endothelium-dependent modulation of aorta reactivity in normal conditions and that thr SA system participates in hyperactivity of the endothelial NO-system induced by stress, which is responsible for the decreased aorta reactivity to NA. (C) 2000 Elsevier B.V. B.V. All rights reserved.

Effect of injection of L-NAME on drinking response

The drinking behavior responses to centrally administered NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; 10, 20 or 40 µg/µl), an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, were studied in satiated rats, with cannulae stereotaxically implanted into the lateral ventricle (LV) and subfornical organ (SFO). Water intake increased in all animals after angiotensin II (ANG II) injection into the LV, with values of 14.2 ± 1.4 ml/h. After injection of L-NAME at doses of 10, 20 or 40 µg/µl into the SFO before injection of ANG II (12 ng/µl) into the LV, water intake decreased progressively and reached basal levels after treatment with 0.15 M NaCl and with the highest dose of L-NAME (i.e., 40 µg). The water intake obtained after 40 µg/µl L-NAME was 0.8 ± 0.01 ml/h. Also, the injection of L-NAME, 10, 20 or 40 µg/µl, into the LV progressively reduced the water intake induced by hypertonic saline, with values of 5.3 ± 0.8, 3.2 ± 0.8 and 0.7 ± 0.01 ml/h, respectively. These results indicate that nitric oxide is involved in the regulation of drinking behavior induced by centrally administered ANG II and cellular dehydration and that the nitric oxide of the SFO plays an important role in this regulation.