Pervasive transition of the Brazilian land-use system

Agriculture, deforestation, greenhouse gas emissions and local/regional climate change have been closely intertwined in Brazil. Recent studies show that this relationship has been changing since the mid 2000s, with the burgeoning intensification and commoditization of Brazilian agriculture. On one hand, this accrues considerable environmental dividends including a pronounced reduction in deforestation (which is becoming decoupled from agricultural production), resulting in a decrease of similar to 40% in nationwide greenhouse gas emissions since 2005, and a potential cooling of the climate at the local scale. On the other hand, these changes in the land-use system further reinforce the long-established inequality in land ownership, contributing to rural-urban migration that ultimately fuels haphazard expansion of urban areas. We argue that strong enforcement of sector-oriented policies and solving long-standing land tenure problems, rather than simply waiting for market self-regulation, are key steps to buffer the detrimental effects of agricultural intensification at the forefront of a sustainable pathway for land use in Brazil.

Natural Conditions and Environmental Impacts in a Coastal Hydrographic Basin in the Brazilian Amazon

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

As sesmarias em Portugal e no Brasil: a colonização do Brasil analisada por meio das cartas de doação e dos forais

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Territorialização das agroindústrias canavieiras no Pontal do Paranapanema e os desdobramentos para o trabalho

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

A expansão da agroindústria sucroalcooleira e a questão do desenvolvimento da microrregião de Dracena-SP

Pós-graduação em Geografia - FCT

Agricultura familiar em duas microrregiões do Noroeste do Estado de São Paulo: uma análise comparativa entre as explorações agropecuárias e as políticas públicas dirigidas ao segmento

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

A geografia dos conflitos agrários no campo brasileiro: os dados do Governo Lula

Este texto apresenta uma breve reflexão sobre a Geografia dos conflitos agrários no Brasil entre os anos 2003 e 2006, enfatizando o período do primeiro Governo de Lula da Silva. Baseiase nos dados levantados pela Comissão Pastoral da Terra – CPT, que desde 1985 vem compilando informações sobre os conflitos no campo brasileiro. A análise dos dados nos dá a dimensão das medidas mais significativas ocorridas no âmbito das políticas relativas à agricultura brasileira, sobretudo no que se refere à política de reforma agrária. A presença significativa da violência e dos conflitos no campo brasileiro evidencia a persistência da reprodução de um modelo agrário-agrícola baseado na concentração de terra, da riqueza e de poder. Demonstra, sobretudo, a resistência das populações do campo – camponeses, sem terra, indígenas, seringueiros, quilombolas, dentre outras –, impelidas a protagonizar as mais diversas lutas sociais no país para manterem suas terras. A presença dos movimentos sociais na cena política demonstra a importância da realização da Reforma Agrária no contexto do desenvolvimento da sociedade brasileira.

Estudo das políticas de obtenção dos assentamentos de reforma agrária no Brasil entre 1985 e 2009

Understanding the territorial transformations is important to the geographic knowledge, especially when it is related to structural questions as agrarian one. In this way, the land acquisition to agrarian reform enables us to understand some of these transformations, represented by territorialization of landless workers in rural settlements, that are concrete results of the struggle for land that boost the policies of agrarian reform in our country. The renewal of the agrarian structure is fundamental to the concept of land reform and also provides that advances social, political, cultural, economic, etc. Classified as a country with rates of the highest land concentration in the world, Brazilian government attempts to base his actions to take in the expropriation of land the main character of the land reform. However, new policies have been gradually used to obtaining the rural settlements, in a process that Fernandes (2010) called the reconceptualization of land reform. Starting in 1985, Brazil has 63% of the beneficiaries of land reform policies settled on expropriated land, the rest is a result of incorporation policies such as land regularization, of land reform and land purchase. Such policies generate changes in agrarian structure, that is the goal of land reform, but don´t concentrate to the land ownership. This attitude of the state in coping with the agrarian question is his response to the pressures of capitalist agriculture represented by landowners and agribusiness, coping catching an intense and uneven territorial dispute with peasant agriculture, in an attempt to impose its model of development for the field. The aimed of this present study is to understand better the land reform acquisition and its implications in the Brazilian territory, in order to understand it in their multiplicity.

Sobre O tronco, romance de Bernardo Élis

The conception of O tronco was influenced by Hegel´s ideas. The genesis of this novel is in Bernardo Élis’ purpose of writing a monograph on land ownership conflicts in Goiás, later transformed into a new project, the novel O tronco. The same ideological position of the author gives the argumentative direction of the novel; his ideological background determines the choice of the theme, associated with images expanded by the procedures of argumentation that permeate the literary discourse. Thus, in face of the undeniable aesthetic value of Élis´work, we analyzed O tronco, specifically the argumentation that guides the literary narrative, enhanced by the artistic treatment of violence, its theme, as the result of the struggle for power. The novel was published in 1956; the author, heir to the literary regionalism of the 30s, through an artistic and calculated combination of the story of a local government and literature, accuses, judges the exacerbated domination of a particular social group in a region in Goiás.

Terras nas mãos dos pequenos: relações produtivas e econômicas dos pequenos produtores de cana para as usinas de açúcar e álcool do interior paulista

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Acumulação por espoliação: o setor de mineração em Moçambique : o caso da mina de carvão da Vale S. A

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)