Sílicio na resistência ao oídio em jardim clonal e na transpiração de mudas de eucalipto

Pós-graduação em Ciência Florestal - FCA

Microenxertia em cultivares de manga

Com a finalidade de se testar a viabilidade do método de microenxertia para produzir mudas de mangueira livres do fungo Fusarium subglutinans, agente causal da malformação, foram realizados experimentos utilizando-se do ápice meristemático da cultivar Tommy Atkins. Retirou-se o ápice meristemático do porta-enxerto e colocou-se o ápice meristemático da cultivar-copa, denominando-se essa metodologia de microenxertia por substituição de ápice meristemático, na qual foram utilizadas as cultivares Coquinho, Espada, Ouro e Ubá como porta-enxertos. O material de propagação utilizado foi retirado de uma planta-matriz da cultivar Tommy Atkins sem sintomas de malformação. Primeiramente, a parte apical dos ramos foi cortada com aproximadamente 3 cm de comprimento. Os meristemas foram colocados em uma solução antioxidante composta de ácido ascórbico, ácido cítrico e L-cisteína, para evitar a oxidação dos compostos fenólicos existentes na manga. Os meristemas apicais foram cortados com comprimento de 2 mm. em seguida, efetuou-se o corte do meristema apical e de folhas do porta-enxerto, colocando-se o meristema apical sobre o corte do porta-enxerto, recobrindo-se com Parafilm®. Demonstrou-se com a técnica de microenxertia a possibilidade de formação de plantas-matrizes, para implantação de jardim clonal em condições de viveiro protegido.

Avaliação de clones de seringueira quanto à resistência ao oídio

Five commercial rubber tree clones in a clonal nursery were assessed for resistance to powdery mildew, as well as for the disease fluctuation and its correlation with the climate conditions in the study period. For this assessment, a diagrammatic scale was developed from 150 central leaflets randomly collected at different ages and attack levels. Validation of scale was done by five assessors. Results indicated that all clones showed susceptibility to the pathogen, and the attack was higher for younger leaflets. According to the climate data, mild temperatures and relative humidity below 60% favored the epidemic.

Manejo hídrico na produção de brotos e mudas de quatro clones de Eucalyptus spp

Pós-graduação em Ciência Florestal - FCA

Comportamento de adesão da madeira de um híbrido clonal de Eucalyptus urophylla x Eucalyptus grandis proveniente de três condições de manejo

This study aimed to evaluate the adhesion ability of eucalyptus lumber from three tillage systems, using adhesives: resorcinol formaldehyde and two adhesives in water emulsion based on vinyl poly-acetate. The management systems were characterized by three strata, the stratum one (E1) characterized by wood from coppice and 70 months of age, the stratum two (E2) characterized by wood and retirement age of 166 months and stratum three (E3), also characterized by retirement at 70 months of age. The wood was derived from a random mixture of the first two sawn logs, each three feet from the base, which comprised three treatments on the adhesive used. We evaluated the shear strength by compression tests and the percentage of wood failure in the glue line. Based on the results obtained, it can be said that the adhesion had satisfactory performance with all the resins used, and the average values of shear strength of the glue line were shown to be equivalent to the shear strength of solid wood only for the samples which adhered with 'Wonderbond' adhesive and also provide higher values for wood failure (97.64%). The highest density present in the wood of the second stratum (E2) influenced only sticking with the resorcinol formaldehyde resin. For polyvinyl acetate (Cascorez 2590), shear values decreased in the third management condition (E3).

Aloetismo em Acromyrmex subterraneus brunneus Forel (Hymenoptera, Formicidae), durante o forrageamento, cultivo do jardim de fungo e devolução dos materiais forrageados

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Independent clonal origin of multiple uterine leiomyomas that was determined by X chromosome inactivation and microsatellite analysis

Objective: In an attempt to clarify the clonality and genetic relationships that are involved in the tumorigenesis of uterine leiomyomas, we used a total of 43 multiple leiomyomas from 14 patients and analyzed the allelic status with 15 microsatellite markers and X chromosome inactivation analysis.Study design: We have used a set of 15 microsatellite polymorphism markers mapped on 3q, 7p, 11, and 15q by automated analysis. The X chromosome inactivation was evaluated by the methylation status of the X-linked androgen receptor gene.Results: Loss of heterozygosity analysis showed a different pattern in 7 of the 8 cases with allelic loss for at least 1 of 15 microsatellite markers that were analyzed. A similar loss of heterozygosity findings at 7p22-15 was detected in 3 samples from the same patient. X chromosome inactivation analysis demonstrated the same inactivated allele in all tumors of the 9 of 12 informative patients;. different inactivation patterns were observed in 3 cases.Conclusion: Our data support the concept that uterine leiomyomas are derived from a single cell but are generated independently in the uterus. Loss of heterozygosity findings at 7p22-15 are consistent with previous data that suggested the relevance of chromosomal aberrations at 7p that were involved in individual uterine leiomyomas. (C) 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

Genotypic characterization of Toxoplasma gondii in sheep from Brazilian slaughterhouses: New atypical genotypes and the clonal type II strain identified

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Experimental infection of pregnant queens with two major Brazilian clonal lineages of Toxoplasma gondii

Toxoplasma gondii isolates from Brazil are biologically and genetically different from European and North America isolates. Recently, four genotypes were considered the common clonal lineages in Brazil and were designated as types BrI, BrII, BrIII, and BrIV. The pathogenicity of two major Brazilian lineages was investigated after oral inoculation of queens in the middle third of their pregnancies with T. gondii cysts. Twelve pregnant queens without T. gondii antibodies were distributed in group A (infected with a type BrI isolate); group 2 (infected with type BrIII isolate), and group 3 (non-infected control). Infection with type BrI isolate caused toxoplasmosis manifestations and abortion from one litter. Toxoplasmosis manifestations besides premature stillbirth of one litter were observed in queens infected with type BrIII isolate. Indirect fluorescence antibody test showed T. gondii antibodies in all eight infected queens at 30 days after inoculation. In two 10-day-old kittens of the same litter (group 1), titers of 16 and 64 were detected. At the same time, titers of 16, 32, and 32 were detected in three kittens from the same litter (group 2). Experimental infection with tissue cysts from a type BrI and type BrIII isolates of T. gondii developed similar reproductive disturbance in primary infected pregnant queens.

Clonal chromosomal alterations in fibroadenomas of the breast

A cytogenetic study on short-term cell cultures from 10 fibroadenomas of the breast is reported, Clonal chromosomal alterations were observed in all cases analyzed, involving preferentially chromosomes X, 12, 14, 20, and 22. Normal karyotypes were found in 34.9% of the cells. The present findings are discussed together with the reports on fibroadenomas and other benign lesions of the breast described in the literature. Although no specific chromosome abnormality to date can be attributed to a particular type of benign breast pathology, some recurrent alterations are starting to emerge and may characterize these benign breast lesions, differentiating them from their malignant counterparts. (C) 2001 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Análise estrutural e considerações sobre a dinâmica sucessional de dois fragmentos florestais semideciduais do Jardim Botânico Municipal de Bauru, SP, Brasil

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

O jardim de fungo atua como um molde para a construção das câmaras em formigas cortadeiras?

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Random amplification of polymorphic DNA reveals clonal relationships among enteropathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from non-human primates and humans

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli ( EPEC) strains are important agents of infantile diarrhea all over the world, gaining even greater importance in developing countries. EPEC have also been isolated from various animal species, but most isolates belong to serotypes that differ from those recovered from humans. However, it has been demonstrated that several isolates from non- human primates belong to the serogroups and/ or serotypes related to those implicated in human disease. The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic differences between thirteen strains isolated from non- human primates and the same number of strains isolated from human infections. Human isolates belonged to the same serogroup/ serotype as the monkey strains and the evaluation was done by analysis of random amplified polymorphic DNA. Dendrogram analysis showed that there was no clustering between human and monkey strains. Human and non- human isolates of the EPEC serotypes O127:H40 and O128:H2 shared 90 and 87% of their bands, respectively, indicating strong genomic similarity between the strains, leading to the speculation that they may have arisen from the same pathogenic clone. To our knowledge, this study is the first one comparing genomic similarity between human and non- human primate strains and the results provide further evidence that monkey EPEC strains correlate with human EPEC, as suggested in a previous investigation.

Clonal chromosome abnormalities found in three non-neoplastic proliferative brain lesions

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Clonal relationship among invasive and non-invasive strains of enteroinvasive Escherichia coli serogroups

The genetic relatedness among 96 invasive Escherichia coli belonging to several serogroups and 13 non-invasive of several serotypes that share the same O antigen was investigated by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis analysis. The invasive strains were isolated in different parts of the world and most of them recovered from dysentery. Twenty-nine electrophoretic types were distinguished and the most invasive strains were found to belong to two major lineages. These results suggested that the invasive ability in these strains has evolved in divergent chromosomal backgrounds, presumably through the horizontal spread of plasmid-borne invasion genes. The maintenance of invasive phenotypes in separate lineages suggests that this ability confers a selective advantage to invasive strains. Copyright (C) 1999 Federation of European Microbiological Societies.