A comparison of two agar gel immunodiffusion methods and a complement fixation test for serologic diagnosis of Brucella ovis infection in experimentally infected rams

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Genetic characterization and nitrogen fixation capacity of Rhizobium strains on common bean

O objetivo deste trabalho foi a caracterização genética de quatro novas estirpes de Rhizobium e a avaliação de sua capacidade de fixação de N2 e nodulação, comparadas a estirpes comerciais e à população nativa de rizóbios de um Latossolo Vermelho. Dois experimentos foram conduzidos em blocos ao acaso, em casa de vegetação. No primeiro experimento, conduzido em tubetes com vermiculita, avaliaram-se a nodulação e a capacidade de fixação das novas estirpes, em comparação com as estirpes comerciais CIAT-899 e PRF-81 e com a população nativa do solo. Das colônias puras isoladas, extraiu-se o DNA genômico e realizou-se o seqüenciamento do espaço intergênico, para a caracterização genética das estirpes e da população nativa de rizóbios. O segundo experimento foi realizado em vasos com solo, para determinação da produtividade e da nodulação do feijoeiro, cultivar Pérola, com o uso das estirpes isoladamente ou em mistura com a PRF-81. A população nativa do solo foi identificada como Rhizobium sp. e se mostrou ineficiente na fixação de nitrogênio. Foram encontradas três espécies de Rhizobium entre as quatro novas estirpes. As estirpes LBMP-4BR e LBMP-12BR estão entre as que têm maior capacidade de nodulação e fixação de N2, e apresentam respostas diferenciadas quando misturadas à PRF-81.

Study of the carbon dioxide chemical fixation-activation by guanidines

Fixation of CO2 is one of the most important priorities of the scientific community dedicated to reduce global warming. In this work, we propose new methods for the fixation of CO2 using the guanidine bases tetramethylguanidine (TMG) and 1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-2H-pyrimido[1,2-a]-pyrimidine (TBD). In order to understand the reactions occurring during the CO2 fixation and release processes, we employed several experimental methods, including solution and solid-state NMR, FTIR, and coupled TGA-FTIR. Quantum mechanical NMR calculations were also carried out. Based on the results obtained, we concluded that CO2 fixation with both TMG and TBD guanidines is a kinetically reversible process, and the corresponding fixation products have proved to be useful as transcarboxylating compounds. Afterward, CO2 thermal releasing from this fixation product with TBD was found to be an interesting process for CO2 capture and isolation purposes. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Selectivity of the cyclic carbonate formation by fixation of carbon dioxide into epoxides catalyzed by Lewis bases

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Force and displacement transmissibility of a nonlinear isolator with high-static-low-dynamic-stiffness

Engineers often face the challenge of reducing the level of vibrations experienced by a given payload or those transmitted to the support structure to which a vibrating source is attached. In order to increase the range over which vibrations are isolated, soft mounts are often used in practice. The drawback of this approach is the static displacement may be too large for reasons of available space for example. Ideally, a vibration isolator should have a high-static stiffness, to withstand static loads without too large a displacement, and at the same time, a low dynamic stiffness so that the natural frequency of the system is as low as possible which will result in an increased isolation region. These two effects are mutually exclusive in linear isolators but can be overcome if properly configured nonlinear isolators are used. This paper is concerned with the characterisation of such a nonlinear isolator comprising three springs, two of which are configured to reduce the dynamic stiffness of the isolator. The dynamic behaviour of the isolator supporting a lumped mass is investigated using force and displacement transmissibility, which are derived by modelling the dynamic system as a single-degree-of-freedom system. This results in the system dynamics being approximately described by the Duffing equation. For a linear isolator, the dynamics of the system are the same regardless if the source of the excitation is a harmonic force acting on the payload (force transmissibility) or a harmonic motion of the base (displacement transmissibility) on which the payload is mounted. In this paper these two expressions are compared for the nonlinear isolator and it is shown that they differ. A particular feature of the displacement transmissibility is that the response is unbounded at the nonlinear resonance frequency unless the damping in the isolator is greater than some threshold value, which is not the case for force transmissibility. An explanation for this is offered in the paper. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

An experimental switchable stiffness device for shock isolation

The development of an experimental switching stiffness device fcr shock isolation is presented. The system uses magnetic forces to exert a restoring force, which results in an effective stiffness that is used to isolate a payload. When the magnetic force is turned on and off, a switchable stiffness is obtained. Characterization of the physical properties of the device is presented. They are estimated in terms of the percentage stiffness change and effective damping ratio when switched between two constant stiffness states. Additionally, the setup is used to implement a control strategy to reduce the shock response and minimize residual vibration. The system was found to be very effective for shock isolation. The response is reduced by around 50 percent compared with passive isolation showing good correlation with theoretical predictions, and the effective damping ratio in the system following the shock was increased from about 4.5 percent to 13 percent. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Extraocular muscle fixation to porous polyethylene orbital implants using 2-octyl-cyanoacrylate

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Serological profile of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) female calves vaccinated with standard Brucella abortus strain 19 vaccine using rose bengal, 2-mercaptoethanol and complement fixation tests

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Miniplate fixation for the repair of segmental mandibular defects filled with autogenous bone in cats

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Miniplate 1.5 fixation for the repair of mandibular osteotomies in cats

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Changes in the stiffness of demineralized dentin following application of tooth whitening agents

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy treatment for the fixation of implant prosthesis in oncology patients irradiated

doi: 10.1111/j.1741-2358.2012.00636.x Hyperbaric oxygen therapy treatment for the fixation of implant prosthesis in oncology patients irradiated Objectives: This study aimed to present a clinical report of an irradiated oncologic patient who underwent hyperbaric oxygen therapy to be rehabilitated with implant-supported prosthesis. Materials and Methods: A 67-year-old man was admitted at Oral Oncology Center (FOA-UNESP) presenting a lesion on the mouth floor. After clinical evaluation, incisional biopsy and histopathological exam, a grade II squamous cell carcinoma was diagnosed. The patient was subjected to surgery to remove the lesion and partial glossectomy. Afterwards, the radiotherapy, in the left/right cervicofacial area of the supraclavicular fossa, was conducted. After 3 years of the surgery, the patient was submitted to hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Then, four implants were installed in patients mandible. Five months later, an upper conventional complete denture and lower full-arch implant-supported prosthesis were fabricated. Conclusion: The treatment resulted in several benefits such as improving his chewing efficiency, swallowing and speech, less denture trauma on the mucosa and improving his self-esteem.

Early Bone Healing and Biomechanical Fixation of Dual Acid-Etched and As-Machined Implants with Healing Chambers: An Experimental Study in Dogs

Purpose: To evaluate the biomechanical fixation, bone-to-implant contact (BIC), and bone morphology of screw-type root-form implants with healing chambers with as-machined or dual acid-etched (DAE) surfaces in a canine model. Materials and Methods: The animal model included the placement of machined (n = 24) and DAE (n = 24) implants along the proximal tibiae of six mongrel dogs, which remained in place for 2 or 4 weeks. Following euthanasia, half of the specimens were subjected to biomechanical testing (torque to interface failure) and the other half were processed for histomorphologic and histomorphometric (%BIC) assessments. Statistical analyses were performed by one-way analysis of variance at the 95% confidence level and the Tukey post hoc test for multiple comparisons. Results: At 4 weeks, the DAE surface presented significantly higher mean values for torque to interface failure overall. A significant increase in %BIC values occurred for both groups over time. For both groups, bone formation through the classic appositional healing pathway was observed in regions where intimate contact between the implant and the osteotomy walls occurred immediately after implantation. Where contact-free spaces existed after implantation (healing chambers), an intramembranous-like healing mode with newly formed woven bone prevailed. Conclusions: In the present short-term evaluation, no differences were observed in BIC between groups; however, an increase in biomechanical fixation was seen from 2 to 4 weeks with the DAE surface. INT J ORAL MAXILLOFAC IMPLANTS 2011;26:75-82

In vitro comparison of 1.5 mm vs. 2.0 mm screws for fixation in the sagittal split osteotomy

Purpose: Numerous "in vitro" investigations have been conducted to evaluate the role of screw size and pattern in determining optimal resistance to deformation, often these have been controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of screw size and insertion technique on the stability of sagittal split osteotomies.Materials and methods: This study used twenty polyurethane replicas of human hemimandibles with a prefabricated sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO). The hemimandibles were stabilized with 1.5 mm and 2.0 mm titanium screws inserted in an inverted L configuration. All specimens were tested to determine the strength and stability of the fixation.Results: In all cases there was failure of the synthetic bone before there was any evidence of screw failure. There were no significant differences in the load necessary to make the construct fail between the 1.5 or 2.0 mm screw sizes.Conclusion: There was no statistically significant difference between the strengths achieved with screws of 1.5 and 2.0 mm diameters for fixation of SSRO performed in synthetic mandibles. There was no fracture of the 1.5 mm or 2.0 mm diameter screws in any of the tests. 1.5 mm diameter screws in an inverted L pattern have as much stability and mechanical resistance as a 2.0 mm screw, may be safely used for this procedure. (C) 2010 European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery.

Fixation of autogenous bone grafts with ethyl-cyanoacrylate glue or titanium screws in the calvaria of rabbits

This study compared the fixation of autogenous onlay bone grafts with cyanoacrylate glue (Super Bonder) and with titanium screws. Twenty rabbits underwent bilateral parietal ostectomies. Bone segments were fixed anteriorly to the resulting bone defect. In group I, the grafts were fixed with 4 min long, 1.5 mm diameter screws; in group II, adhesive was used. The animals were killed after 5, 15, 30, 60 and 120 days. Histomorphometric analysis was used to quantify the maintenance of the graft area. Discrete areas of inflammatory reaction were seen in both groups after 5 days and for group II after 15 days. After 30 days, new bone formation was seen at the interface of the grafts. After 120 days, the graft was incorporated into the host bed in group I and partially incorporated in group II. There was a significant statistical difference regarding the mean graft areas between 15 and 120 days (p < 0.001) and between fixation methods (p < 0.002). Fixation with adhesive promoted a significantly greater area of bone graft than screw fixation, independent of time period. The adhesive was biocompatible, presented similar stability to the screw and maintained the bone area, although there was a delay in graft incorporation.