Atividade física e sua associação com qualidade de vida em pacientes com osteoartrite

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a qualidade de vida e sua associação com a atividade física nos diferentes contextos da vida diária de pacientes com osteoartrite (OA) encaminhados pelas unidades básicas de saúde para um serviço universitário. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal, série de casos, em que a atividade física foi avaliada pelo International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) e a qualidade de vida foi avaliada pelos questionários Medical Outcomes Study 36 Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Index (WOMAC) e Australian/Canadian Osteoarthritis Hand Index (AUSCAN). Para verificação da intensidade da dor, utilizou-se também a Escala Visual Analógica (EVA). RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos 100 pacientes (92 mulheres e oito homens), com média de idade de 59,9 ± 9,4 anos. As articulações mais comprometidas foram joelhos e mãos. Dez pacientes tinham comprometimento de uma única articulação, 69 de duas, oito de três e 13 de quatro. O IPAQ demonstrou que 70 pacientes eram ativos ou muito ativos e 30 eram insuficientemente ativos ou sedentários. A atividade física associou-se positivamente aos domínios do SF-36, que avaliam a saúde física (capacidade funcional, aspectos físicos, dor, estado geral da saúde). Houve associação entre atividade física e qualidade de vida quando avaliada pelo WOMAC, e quanto mais intensa a dor, pior a qualidade de vida. CONCLUSÃO: Nessa população, a maioria dos pacientes apresenta piora dos aspectos físicos da qualidade de vida, mas mantém as atividades físicas cotidianas.

A qualidade de vida de dependentes de álcool

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Oral impacts on the daily performance of Brazilians assessed using a sociodental approach: analyses of national data

The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between oral diseases and their impact on the daily performance of adult and elderly Brazilians, verify the association of oral diseases with socioeconomic and demographic features, and compare the standard estimate of need with the sociodental assessment of these same needs. The authors evaluated data from 17,398 Brazilians aged between 35-44 years and 65-74 years, taken from the cross-sectional Brazilian Oral Health Survey (Saúde Bucal Brasil - SBBrasil). Regression models were applied to assess associations among impacts on daily performance and income, schooling, gender, region, use of dental services, health perception and dental disease status. McNemar’s test was applied to compare standard versus impact-related estimates of need. The prevalence ratio of these impacts was associated with the sociodemographic versus health perceptions (p < 0.001) of adults and the elderly. Adults also had impacts associated with loss of periodontal attachment (p < 0.001). The prevalence of normative needs was 95.39% for adults and 99.76% for the elderly, whereas the impact-related estimate of need was 50.92% and 43.71%, respectively. The impacted-related approach had a statistically significant association with the normative estimate of need (p < 0.001). This study showed a relationship between oral impact on daily performance of adults and educational level. Sociodemographic features were also related to the impacts on both adults and the elderly, and to health perception. The impacts among the adults were related to the loss of periodontal attachment. In addition, the authors found a sizable difference between the standard versus the sociodental approach, in that the sociodental assessment needs were lower than the needs identified by the standard estimate of need.

Impacto do exercício físico combinado na função diastólica de pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca e fração de ejeção reduzida

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Hipomineralização molar incisivo: qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal e percepção estética em escolares de 8 a 12 anos

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Mental health of the elderly: perceptions related to aging

To understand the elderly's perception of their current condition. Methodology. Study undertaken in 2012 using the qualitative method of Minayo and the thematic analysis according to Bardin's suggestions. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews that took place in the homes of the elderly people. The guiding question was: At this point in your life, how do you feel? Tell me. Results. The elderly who were satisfied stated that this was due to the good relationship with their family, spouse, to the fact of having autonomy and respect from the society. Those who were shown to be dissatisfied reported lack of family support, physical limitations imposed by age and the presence of illnesses as the main causes. Conclusion. The adult population requires the use of care technologies that cover all the stages of life, including old age. Nursing professionals should be prepared for the increasing care demand of these people.

Survey assessment of parental perceptions regarding head lice

Background Head lice constitute a problem in children. Each year, numerous cases of pediculosis occur worldwide. Little work has been performed to evaluate the understanding, opinions, and actions of populations regarding head lice. These areas are important as they enable clinicians and educators to alert parents on how to avoid treatments that are innocuous or of high risk to patients.Methods A cross-sectional study was performed by interviewing the heads of households of 100 randomly chosen residences within the study area.Results The results obtained showed that 13% were infested during the first week of the survey, and 86% in the 24 weeks prior to the study. The number of positive cases increased with increasing resident number, and decreased in families with parents with a higher educational level. Itching was the principal clinical manifestation and caused sleep compromise in 65% of respondents. Innocuous and unhealthy practices to combat infestation, such as the use of inflammables and home insecticides, were common.Conclusion The results showed that certain beliefs generated worry and confusion in parents, who blamed head lice as the cause of various health problems which were not due to this insect.

Feelings and Perceptions of Women in the Pregnancy-Puerperal Cycle Who Survived Severe Maternal Morbidity

Objetivou-se compreender a experiência relativa à morbidade materna grave, a partir de um grupo de mulheres que vivenciou esse problema. Adotaram-se os preceitos metodológicos da pesquisa qualitativa, sendo o Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo o referencial metodológico. Foram entrevistadas 16 mulheres que vivenciaram a morbidade materna grave. Os resultados foram discutidos a partir de quatro temas: descrevendo o desejo e o planejamento para ter um filho, percebendo seu problema de saúde, sua influência na gestação e para o concepto, passando pelo choque inicial no pós-parto e experienciando a situação de risco: desejos, frustrações e superação. Espera-se que este trabalho possa contribuir para qualificar a assistência de enfermagem, especialmente para reconhecer a diversidade e amplitude de necessidades que mulheres apresentam em situações de morbidade grave, durante o ciclo gravídico puerperal.

Nurse-patient communication while performing home dialysis: The patients' perceptions

This study aimed at describing patients' perception of their communication with nurses when performing home dialysis. Data were collected from interviews guided by the question: What is communication like, between you and nurses, during home dialysis treatment? Results show participants' perception of treatment during home peritoneal dialysis [Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD)]; relationship with nurses and family and the effects of treatment on one's existence. Patients can be self-caring and they learn to value the autonomy in their own care. However, some are unable to assume the responsibility for self-care. It was discovered that the connotation of inspection that some participants attributed to the nurse's visits, led to an alienation from the education process in the CAPD education. Findings suggest that effective communication and the development of the relationship of a working partnership with patients is crucial. Improvement in the nurses' communication, aiming at adapting it to the characteristics, limitations and specific needs of each patient, is significant for achieving better outcomes. © 2010 European Dialysis and Transplant Nurses Association/European Renal Care Association.

Perception and Attitude About Systemic Health and Periodontal Disease Among Dentistry Undergraduates

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Occupational exposure to contaminated biological material: perceptions and feelings experienced among dental students

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Perceptions of educators and students about using fluoridated mouthwashes

Purpose: The objective of this study was to assess the perceptions and opinions of public school teachers and students in the city of Araçatuba, SP, Brazil, on the importance of using fluoridated mouthwashes, the difficulties of the method and the procedure in general. Methods: Students from grades 5 through 8 in schools with and without dental services were asked about their opinion on the use of fluoridated mouthwashes. The educators answered questions about the importance of preventive methods in oral health and the difficulties in performing those methods at school. Data were collected using a faces scale, a categorization method, and a Likert scale with five levels of responses to check the level of agreement with the questions. Results: The sample consisted of 264 (40.3%) teachers and 5,788 (73.6%) students. A total of 254 (96.2%) and 72 (27.3%) teachers responded favorably to the first and second questions, respectively. A total of 1,128 (19.5%) students had negative feelings about the fluoridated mouthwash. Conclusion: The majority of the teachers supported the use of fluoridated mouthwashes; however, a large number of teachers believed that the practice disrupts the class routine. Most of the students had a positive opinion about the use of fluoridated mouthwash, although they highlighted some negative aspects, which were overcome by the benefits that the method provides.