Visualização espacial, raciocínio indutivo e rendimento acadêmico em desenho técnico

As dificuldades de aprendizagem de Desenho Técnico que experimentam os estudantes de Engenharia relacionam-se com seu nível de aptidão. Para melhorar o processo didático, seria necessário detectar de imediato os estudantes que requerem mais apoio. Este estudo descreve a utilidade de um teste de Visualização Espacial e um teste de Raciocínio Indutivo para prever o rendimento dos estudantes em Desenho Técnico. A amostra foi composta por 484 estudantes do primeiro ano do Curso de Engenharia de quatro centros brasileiros de Educação Superior. Os dados foram analisados com o modelo de Rasch. Os resultados sugerem que a aptidão de Visualização Espacial é o melhor previsor.

Sentimentos de quem fracassa na escola: análise das representações de alunos com dificuldades de aprendizagem

This research aimed to examine the perceptions of students with learning about themselves and to analyze what their representations are about the judgments that their teachers have of them. The subjects of this study were twenty elementary school students with low academic achievement, of both sexes, from a municipal public school in the State of São Paulo in Brazil. A semi-structured interview containing ten questions was performed. Data was transcribed and processed through content analysis and described in relation to its absolute (N) and relative (%) frequencies. The results indicated that the students believe that their teacher has a negative representation of them, as well as nourish low expectations about their performance and academic progress. The study points to the need to consider social relationships established at school and to promote reflection on the importance of these relationships in the teaching-learning process.

Significações de si: sala de apoio como lugar destinado ao não saber na escola

The qualitative study, in its descriptive and interpretive modality, was based on Piaget's theoretical framework in order to analyze the significances of fifty-two students attending classes with tutors. The results indicated that the significances of students about difficulties on learning, errors and tutoring have to do with stereotypes, stigmas and inferiority of their condition to achieve learning objectives. Learning difficulties are seen as a problem of their own personal or family situation, while tutoring a place of punishment for those who have learning difficulties.