Interaction between mesenchymal stem cells and Ti-30Ta alloy after surface treatment

In this study, in vitro cytocompatibility was investigated in the Ti-30Ta alloy after two kinds of surfaces treatments: alkaline and biomimetic treatment. Each condition was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Cellular adhesion, viability, protein expression, morphology, and differentiation were evaluated with Bone marrow stromal cells (MSCs) to investigate the short and long-term cellular response by fluorescence microscope imaging and colorimetric assays techniques. Two treatments exhibited similar results with respect to total protein content and enzyme activity as compared with alloy without treatment. However, it was observed improved of the biomineralization, bone matrix formation, enzyme activity, and MSCs functionality after biomimetic treatment. These results indicate that the biomimetic surface treatment has a high potential for enhanced osseointegration. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Estabilidade aeróbia, pH e dinâmica de desenvolvimento de microrganismos da cana-de-açúcar in natura hidrolisada com cal virgem

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Processamento da cana-de-açúcar: efeitos sobre a digestibilidade, o consumo e a taxa de passagem

O objetivo neste trabalho foi estudar o efeito do tratamento alcalino da cana-de-açúcar com hidróxido de sódio (1,5 a 50% de NaOH) sobre a digestibilidade total e o consumo de matéria seca das dietas experimentais e as taxas de passagem das canas-de-açúcar. Foram utilizados quatro bovinos mestiços (Zebu x Holandês) alimentados com canas-de-açúcar in natura, hidrolisada, hidrolisada fenada e hidrolisada ensilada como fontes volumosas, constituindo 70% das dietas. O tratamento alcalino foi mais eficiente na fração fibra, proporcionando aumentos de pelo menos 45% na digestibilidade. Os aumentos de 25,0 e 16,7% no consumo das dietas contendo as cana-de-açúcar hidrolisada (1,5% PV) e hidrolisada fenada (1,4% PV) provavelmente foram influenciados pela maior digestibilidade da fibra. Os valores estimados de taxa de passagem ruminal no ceco-cólon e o tempo de retenção em cada compartimento não diferiram entre as cana-de-açúcar in natura, hidrolisada e hidrolisada fenada. Entretanto, para a cana-de-açúcar hidrolisada ensilada, observaram-se as menores taxas (1,5 e 7,4%/h) e o maior tempo de retenção (71,4 horas). Concluiu-se que o tratamento alcalino com hidróxido de sódio, com ou sem fenação, melhorou a digestão da fibra da cana-de-açúcar no trato digestivo total e proporcionou acréscimo do consumo de matéria seca da cana-de-açúcar hidrolisada, sem afetar a taxa de passagem. Entretanto, a posterior ensilagem pode não trazer esses benefícios.

Enhancement of thermal stability, strength and extensibility of lipid-based polyurethanes with cellulose-based nanofibers

Cellulose was extracted from lignocellulosic fibers and nanocrystalline cellulose (NC) prepared by alkali treatment of the fiber, steam explosion of the mercerized fiber, bleaching of the steam exploded fiber and finally acid treatment by 5% oxalic acid followed again by steam explosion. The average length and diameter of the NC were between 200-250 nm and 4-5 nm, respectively, in a monodisperse distribution. Different concentrations of the NC (0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5% by weight) were dispersed non-covalently into a completely bio-based thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) derived entirely from oleic acid. The physical properties of the TPU nanocomposites were assessed by Fourier Transform Infra-Red spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) and Mechanical Properties Analysis. The nanocomposites demonstrated enhanced stress and elongation at break and improved thermal stability compared to the neat TPU. The best results were obtained with 0.5% of NC in the TPU. The elongation at break of this sample was improved from 178% to 269% and its stress at break from 29.3 to 40.5 MPa. In this and all other samples the glass transition temperature, melting temperature and crystallization behavior were essentially unaffected. This finding suggests a potential method of increasing the strength and the elongation at break of typically brittle and weak lipid-based TPUs without alteration of the other physico-chemical properties of the polymer. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Consumo de nutrientes e desempenho de ovinos alimentados com dietas à base de cana-de-açúcar hidrolisada

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o consumo de nutrientes e o desempenho de ovinos alimentados com dietas à base de cana-de-açúcar in natura ou hidrolisada. Foram avaliados 18 ovinos, com aproximadamente 22±2,4 kg de peso vivo, distribuídos em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com 6 repetições, e o peso dos animais foi utilizado como critério para sua distribuição nos blocos. Os animais receberam dietas completas com 50% de volumoso (cana-de-açúcar in natura, tratada com 0,5 e com 0,9% de cal), e 50% de concentrado. As dietas foram formuladas de forma a atender às exigências de manutenção dos animais e os ganhos de 150 g por dia. As variáveis foram: o consumo e a digestibilidade dos nutrientes e o ganho em peso dos animais. A adição do hidróxido de cálcio aumentou a digestibilidade da fibra em detergente neutro. Não foi observada alteração no consumo de nutrientes ou melhora no ganho em peso dos animais alimentados com cana-de-açúcar, tratada com hidróxido de cálcio, a 0,5 e 0,9%, em comparação à cana-de-açúcar in natura. A cana-de-açúcar com adição hidróxido de cálcio pode ser fornecida após 24 horas de armazenamento, sem prejuízo do desempenho dos animais.

Efeito do tratamento das fibras nas propriedades do biocompósito de amido termoplástico/policaprolactona/sisal

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Desempenho de novilhos recebendo dietas à base de cana-de-açúcar in natura ou hidrolisada

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Crescimento de nanotubos de TiO2 na superfície da liga Ti-7,5Mo empregando oxidação anódica

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Cana-de-açúcar hidrolisada com doses crescentes de cal virgem e tempos de exposição ao ar para a alimentação de bovinos

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Crescimento de apatita na superfície da liga Ti-25Ta empregando dois tipos de tratamento de superfície: biomimético e deposição de polímero por eletrofiação

Titanium and its alloys has been widely used as materials for metallic biomaterials implants are usually employed to restore the hard tissue function, being used for artificial joints and bones, synthetic plates, crowns, dental implants and screws . Objective of this work was the surface modification of Ti-alloy 25Ta from biomimetic surface treatment of employment and deposition of polymer by electrospinning. The league was obtained from the fusion of the pure elements in the arc furnace with controlled atmosphere. The ingots were subjected to heat treatment, cold forged and sectioned discs with 13 mm diameter and 3 mm thick. Two surface treatments was evaluated, biomimetic and electrospinning with PCL fiber. The biomimetic treatment was performed involving alkaline treatment for three molarities 1.5M, 3M and 5M with immersion in SBF. The electrospinning was performed using PCL polymer alloy surface after the alkali treatment Ti25Ta 1M. For this group the polymer coated surfaces were immersed in calcium phosphate containing solution for immobilization of apatite. The results were compared with previous studies using surface treatment group to verify hydroxyapatite formation on the sample surface and it is concluded that the best condition is biomimetic treatment with 5M alkali treatment and heat treatment at 80 ° C for 72 hours

Efeito do tratamento alcalino da fibra na resistência mecânica do compósito epóxi/capim-sapê

Due to growing concerns for reducing environmental damage caused by the use of non-renewable raw materials, there is a growing demand for research related to aggregate technology with environmental preservation. Thus, the use of non-renewable materials and less aggressive materials has been gaining attention. About composite materials, the exchange of synthetic fibers by natural fibers, especially vegetable fiber as reinforcement, has been increasing, due to its physical-chemical properties such as mechanical strength, nontoxic, low cost, low density, processing flexibility, non-abrasive to the process equipment, requiring simple surface treatments, etc. This objective was to process composites reinforced with long fibers of sapegrass in epoxy matrix and characterize the composites through mechanical tests. Three groups of composites were prepared according to the treatment received by the reinforcement: without treatment, alkali treatment at concentration of 5% w/v and alkali treatment at 10% w/v concentration. The materials were analyzed by tensile and flexural, and tests also optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results were statistically analyzed. As the main result, the alkali treatment of 5% in the sapegrass fibers increases the tensile and flexural strength, as a consequence of the improve adhesion between matrix and reinforcement

Compósitos de nanocelulose / PHBV: manta microfibrilica por eletrofiação

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

Nanotubos óxidos aplicados a resinas compostas fotoativadas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of fresh sugarcane hydrolysed with calcium oxide (CaO)

The objective was to evaluate the chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of sugarcane hydrolysed with increasing doses of calcium oxide and varying air exposure times. A completely randomised, split plot design was used; the doses were allocated to the plots, and the air exposure times were allocated to the subplots, with four repetitions. The data underwent analysis of variance and were laid out according to the effect of the treatment on the components of polynomial regressions, and evaluated at the 5% probability. The increase in the dosage negatively affected the quantities of neutral-detergent fibre (NDF), acid-detergent fibre (ADF), lignin (LIG), total carbohydrates (TC), cellulose (CEL), crude protein (CP), and ether extract (EE); and positively affected the quantities of non-fibrous carbohydrates (NFC) and mineral matter (MM). The addition of calcium oxide improved the in vitro digestible dry matter (IVDMD) coefficients and was able to keep up to 72 hours. The in vitro digestibility of the neutral-detergent fibre (IVDNDF) and of the acid-detergent fibre (IVDADF) coefficients decreased when calcium oxide was added. Calcium oxide has the ability to hydrolyse the fibrous fraction and conserve chopped sugarcane. Doses of 0.5 and 1.0% lime exhibited similar results to those achieved at higher doses; therefore, higher doses are not required in the hydrolyses of sugarcane. Over time, the sugarcane deteriorates, but this deterioration is reduced by the addition of calcium oxide.

Efeito prebiótico de xilo-oligossacarídeos produzidos a partir da hemicelulose de bagaço de cana-de-açúcar utilizando extração alcalina e hidrólise de xilanases fúngicas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)