Parâmetros genéticos para caracteres de crescimento, de produção e tecnológicos da madeira em clones de Eucalyptus spp

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

THE EFFECT of CARBONIZATION on WOOD STRUCTURE of DALBERGIA VIOLACEA, STRYPHNODENDRON POLYPHYLLUM, TAPIRIRA GUIANENSIS, VOCHYSIA TUCANORUM, and POUTERIA TORTA FROM THE BRAZILIAN CERRADO

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Larval development of Notolopas brasiliensis Miers, 1886 (Brachyura: Majoidea: Pisidae) described from laboratory reared material and a reappraisal of the characters of Pisidae

O completo desenvolvimento larval de Notolopas brasiliensis é descrito, a partir de material criado em laboratório, com ênfase na morfologia externa de Majoidea e comparado aos demais gêneros de Pisidae. O desenvolvimento larval de N. brasiliensis consiste em dois estágios de zoea e um de megalopa. A duração media de cada estágio foi de 4.2 ± 1.0 dias para a Zoea I e 3.8 ± 0.7 dias para a Zoea II, a megalopa aparece entre 8.1 ± 0.4 dias após a eclosão. Os caracteres previamente utilizados para definir as formas larvais de Pisidae ou são simplesiomórficos ou altamente homoplásticos. Foi observado que não existe um conjunto de caracteres capazes de definir Pisidae até o presente.Contudo foi mostrado que uma combinação de caracteres pode ser utilizada para diferenciar Notolopas dos demais gêneros da família.

Additional morphological characters and a new host for Aceria gymnoscuta Navia & Flechtmann (Acari, Eriophyidae)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Determination of fiber length and juvenile and mature wood zones from Hevea brasiliensis trees grown in Brazil

The aim of this study was to verify the average fiber length and the juvenile and mature wood zones from Hevea brasiliensis proveniences from a reforestation area in São Paulo, Brazil. For this purpose, five Hevea brasiliensis trees were randomly collected from a 50-year-old plantation, located in Balsamo, São Paulo, Brazil. The trees were cut and five flat sawn boards were obtained. The juvenile and mature wood zones were determined by fiber length measurement from the pith to the bark. The results showed that: (a) the juvenile wood of this species occurred approx. between 40 and 55 mm, from the pith, and from this point forward, the mature wood zone was found; (b) there was a significant difference between the average fiber length of juvenile wood (1.26 mm) and mature wood (1.51 mm).

Physical and mechanical properties of thermally modified wood from E. grandis

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Application of X-ray technique in nondestructive evaluation of eucalypt wood

X-rays were initially used for the inspection of special-purpose wood pieces for quantitative evaluation properties of different species. X-ray densitometry has had its use expanded ill dendroclimatology of Picea engelmannii trees. Subsequent laboratories developed applications of X-ray densitometry for environmental, wood science and technology, and related areas. This paper describes the basic methodology of X-ray densitometry applied to the eucalypt wood analysis, as well its presenting the results of applications in three areas: (i) evaluation of wood biodegradation by white rot fungi, (ii) detection of sapwood and heartwood, and (iii) determination of the effect of management oil wood properties. The wood decayed by white rot fungi was detected by X-ray densitometry with it decreasing wood density due to the biodegradation of cell wall components. The sapwood and heartwood of eucalypts were separated in response to the attenuation of X-rays, reflected by the wood anatomical structure and chemical composition. Also, Ill eucalypt trees after the application of irrigation and i characteristic wood density profiles were detected. Ill addition, the significant potential of X-ray densitometry for eucalypt wood research and analysis is discussed.

Decay resistance of thermally-modified Eucalyptus grandis wood at 140 degrees C, 160 degrees C, 180 degrees C, 200 degrees C and 220 degrees C

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Seasonal variation in wood formation of Cedrela fissilis (Meliaceae)

Cambial activity and periodicity of secondary xylem formation in Cedrela fissilis, a semi-ring-porous species, were studied. Wood samples were collected periodically from 1996 to 2000. The phenology was related to climate data of the region. The cambium has one active and one dormant period per year. The active period coincides with the wet season when trees leaf-out. The dormant period coincides with the dry season when trees lose their leaves. Growth rings are marked by parenchyma bands that begin to be formed, together with the small latewood vessels, just before the cambium becomes dormant at the beginning of the dry season. These bands are added to when the cambium reactivates in the wet season. At this time, the large earlywood vessels of the growth rings are also formed. As these bands consist of both terminal and initial parenchyma, we suggest the general term marginal bands be used to describe them. The growth layers vary in width among and within the trees.

A comparison of the wood anatomy of 11 species from two cerrado habitats (cerrado s.s. and adjacent gallery forest)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Anatomia comparada do lenho de Copaifera langsdorffii Desf. (Leguminosae-Caesalpinoideae) de floresta e cerradão

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Influence of belt speed, grit sizes and pressure on the sanding of Eucalyptus grandis wood

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Structural variations in root and stem wood of Styrax (Styracaceae) from Brazilian forest and cerrado

The genus Styrax L. (Styracaceae) has a wide distribution in Brazil, occurring in diverse ecosystems. To get a better insight into the ecological adaptations of wood structure, we studied two species, S. camporum and S.ferrugineus from the cerrado, and three species, S. latifolium, S. martii and S. leprosus from the Atlantic forest. For each species, the wood of root and stem was analyzed separately and observations included qualitative as well as quantitative wood characteristics. The results show that there were significant anatomical differences between the forest and cerrado species as well as between the root and stem wood within single species. Quantitatively, the most informative features in the root wood that separated the forest from the cerrado, species were diameter, length and number of vessels, length of fibres, and width and frequency of rays. In the stem wood, length and frequency of vessels, length of fibres, and width and frequency of rays were the most informative features. In contrast to the forest species, which had larger vessel diameters in their stem wood, the cerrado species had larger vessel diameters in their root wood. The calculated vulnerability index indicates that all Sryrax species have adaptations to mesic conditions. The cerrado species had the smallest index values, which could be related to the seasonally dry condition of this environment.

Perforated ray cells in the wood of roots and branches of cerrado species from Brazil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)