Psicologia e educação no contexto das secretarias municipais: algumas contribuições para novas práticas

Visando a refletir sobre diferentes formas de pensar e fazer dos psicólogos que atuam na Educação Municipal, participamos da Comissão de E-ducação do CRP-06/subsede de Assis e entrevistamos psicólogas aí envolvidas. Verificamos que suas ações - condicionadas ao modelo político-ideológico ado-tado pela gestão municipal e pela formação acadêmica recebida - caracterizam-se por práticas tradicionais e/ou compartilhadas por outros profissionais, que não vêm contribuindo para a reversão do quadro de produção do fracasso escolar. Assim, consideramos urgente a revisão dos aspectos relativos à formação dos psicólogos, às práticas atualmente implementadas e ao engajamento dos órgãos dessa classe para a consolidação de uma psicologia mais comprometida com a cidadania.

Stress vulnerability during adolescence

Objective: This study investigated the physiological and somatic changes evoked by daily exposure to the same type of stressor (homotypic) or different aversive stressor stimuli (heterotypic) in adolescent and adult rats, with a focus on cardiovascular function. The long-term effects of stress exposure during adolescence were also investigated longitudinally. Methods: Male Wistar rats were exposed to repeated restraint stress (RRS, homotypic) or chronic variable stress (CVS, heterotypic). Results: Adrenal hypertrophy, thymus involution, and elevated plasma glucocorticoid were observed only in adolescent animals, whereas reduction in body weight was caused by both stress regimens in adults. CVS increased mean arterial pressure (adolescent: p = .001; adult: p = .005) and heart rate (HR; adolescent: p = .020; adult: p = .011) regardless of the age, whereas RRS increased blood pressure selectively in adults (p = .001). Rest tachycardia evoked by CVS was associated with increased cardiac sympathetic activity in adults, whereas a decreased cardiac parasympathetic activity was observed in adolescent animals. Changes in cardiovascular function and cardiac autonomic activity evoked by both CVS and RRS were followed by alterations in baroreflex activity and vascular reactivity to vasoconstrictor and vasodilator agents in adolescent adult animals. Except for the circulating glucocorticoid change, all alterations observed during adolescence were reversed in adulthood. Conclusions: These findings suggest a stress vulnerability of adolescents to somatic and neuroendocrine effects regardless of stress regimen. Our results indicated an age-stress type-specific influence in stress-evoked cardiovascular/autonomic changes. Data suggest minimal consequences in adulthood of stress during adolescence.

Psicologia como campo de constituição do sujeito infantil e a teoria de Jean Piaget

This article aims to question the knowledge created with psychology, taking a quick passage through the discourses of this science since its birth and questioning what is the implication of this knowledge to the children constituition. Then, we will reassemble the context in which it was forged and what revolutions in the ways of conceiving life became possible after the psychology advent being estabilished as a field of autonomous knowledge. Furthermore, as a way to illustrate what we understand about the psychology constituition of childhood we will discuss some aspects of Jean Piaget's theory in an attempt to elucidate how this speach was (and is) widely applied and "naturalized" in such way, that nowadays it is common to speak of "stages of development" when referring to children. To realize that problem, we will support the studies of Michel Foucault about the production of knoledge and especially of knowledge “psy” and what is its importance for the children.

Stress vulnerability during adolescence: comparison of chronic stressors in adolescent and adult rats

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)