Habitus professoral e Habitus estudantil: uma proposição acerca da formação de professores

A proposição é a seguinte: há que se ter dois espaços distintos de formação docente, um é a sala de aula da universidade e o outro, a sala de aula da escola para a qual o formando está se preparando. Trata-se de mostrar por que os saberes, teoria e prática, pertencentes a essas duas instâncias de formação são inexoravelmente distintos e, por essa razão, exigem lugares e formas diferentes para serem ensinados e aprendidos. Contudo, a natureza diferente de um e de outro não interfere na genética indissociável de ambos. Ao se apresentar um lugar específico para se aprender a teoria e outro, para se aprender a prática, mostra-se à constituição do habitus professoral e a do habitus estudantil, que constituem as categorias operacionais da proposição. É exatamente nesse quesito que reside a particularidade deste estudo. A base empírica foi constituída com reflexões realizadas no Brasil, a partir dos anos de 1990, sobre o tema: Como se aprende para ensinar na sala de aula. A fundamentação utilizada nesta formulação são noções extraídas das ideias de Bourdieu (1983a; 1983b; 1983c; 1989; 1992; 1996).

História da ciência no ensino de Física: um estudo sobre o ensino de atração gravitacional desenvolvido com futuros professores

We report here some outcomes of a research related to a didactical experience aiming to integrate the History of Science to the Physics Teaching, taking as background the historical development of the gravitational attraction. The research, of qualitative approach, is a case study and it was carried out in a sample of eleven students belonging to an undergraduate physics program (called licenciatura in Brazil) designed to from High School physics teachers in a São Paulo State Public University. We tried initially to reveal prospective teachers’ conceptions in order to provide a prepare that was used to guide the activities from the reality’s diagnosis. The aim was to promote discussions on the existence and persistence of alternative conceptions, on the historical evolution of the subject gravitational attraction, through readings and debates of texts contemplating recent subjects on the Science Education research, in order to generate dissatisfaction with traditional teaching models. The future High School physics teachers were asked to construct their own teaching proposal, through the development, in real situations, in a High School, of a minicourse based on: debates and synthesis developed in University classroom, the History of the Science and the student’s alternative conceptions. In this paper we will analyze future teachers’ alternative conceptions, the development of the course proposed, and details of the mini-courses taught by the prospective teachers in real situations, among High School students, its coherence and the posture changes observed in them.

English collocations extracted from a corpus of university learners and its contribution to a language teaching pedagogy

Taking into consideration the relevance of foreign language teaching and the learning of collocations (ALTENBERG; EEG-OLOFSSON, 1990; FONTENELLE, 1994; MEUNIER; GRANGER, 2008), this paper aims at showing results of an investigation on whether the teaching of collocations should be implicit or explicit to the Brazilian university students. Furthermore, the research has the purpose of presenting some collocational aspects from a corpus of the written language learners made up of intermediate, upper intermediate and advanced university students' argumentative essays at a public university in Brazil. With the help of WordSmith Tools (SCOTT, 2007), it was possible to raise students' most frequent collocational choices and patterns, the most/least used type of collocations, the influence of the mother tongue on their choices, among other aspects. With the purpose of motivating and involving students in classroom research, it was also introduced The Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA), created by Mark Davies. By doing so, students could compare their collocational choices with the patterns found in the online corpus, extract more collocational patterns and, consequently, be aware of the potential of corpora for the foreign learning process, specifically for raising language awareness, with focus on prefabricated chunks.