Crescimento de bulbos de calla cultivados em substrato em função do nível freático

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Irrigação e Drenagem) - FCA

Growth rate of the crab Dissodactylus crinitichelis Moreira, 1901 (Crustacea : Decapoda : Pinnotheroidea) under laboratory conditions

The goal of the present study was to investigate the growth rate of the crab Dissodactylus crinitiehelis, its molt increments, and the duration of the intermolt intervals under laboratory conditions, focusing on differences between sexes and between juvenile and adult phases. Crabs were collected at Flamengo Beach, Ubatuba, São Paulo State, Brazil, by scuba divers. In the laboratory, individuals were maintained in isolation and fed nauplii of Artemia sp. daily. The sex and carapace width of exuviae and dead crabs were recorded. During the juvenile phase, mean growth was 11.8 +/- 2.7% in males and 11.2 +/- 3.6% in females, with their respective intermolt intervals 25.4 +/- 9.2 and 26.4 +/- 8.3 d (mean +/- SD). After reaching morphological sexual maturity, the intermolt intervals increased to 33.4 10.1 d in males and 32.7 +/- 10.4 d in females, and the growth rates of both sexes slowed to 6.4 +/- 1.9% in males and 5.7 +/- 1.6% in females. There was a significant decrease in molt increment and an increase in intermolt intervals associated with the maturation from juveniles to adults, evidencing differential energy allocation during the last phase of ontogeny.

Autonomic control of heart rate is virtually independent of temperature but seems related to the neuroanatomy of the efferent vagal supply to the heart in the bullfrog, Lithobathes catesbeianus

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Fatigue crack growth rate in mode I of a carbon fiber 5HS weave composite laminate processed via RTM

Delamination or crack propagation between plies is a critical issue for structural composites. In viewing this issue and the large application of woven fabrics in structural applications, especially the ones that requires high drapeability to be preformed in a RTM mold cavity such as the asymmetric ones, e.g HS series, this research aimed in dynamically testing the carbon fiber 5HS/RTM6 epoxy composites under opening mode using DCB set up in order to investigate the crack growth rate behavior in an irregular surface produced by the fabric waviness. The evaluation of the energy involved in each crack increment was based on the Irwin-Kies equation using compliance beam theory. The tests were conducted at constant stress ratio of R=0.1 with displacement control, frequency of 10 Hz, in accordance to ASTM E647-00 for measurement of crack growth rate. The results showed large scatter when compared to unidirectional carbon fiber composites due to damage accumulation at the fill tows.

Reproducibility of heart rate and rating of perceived exertion values obtained from different incremental treadmill tests

Objective The present study aimed to examine the reproducibility of heart rate (HR) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) values obtained during different incremental treadmill tests. Equipment and methods Twenty male, recreational, endurance-trained runners (10-km running pace: 10–15 km·h−1) performed, in a counterbalanced order, three continuous incremental exercise tests with different speed increments (0.5 km·h−1, 1 km·h−1 and 2 km·h−1). Thereafter, each participant performed the three tests again, maintaining the same order as before. The reproducibility of the HR and RPE values were analyzed for all protocols during submaximal intensities (8, 10, 12, and 14 km·h−1). In addition, it was examined the reproducibility of maximal HR (HRmax) and peak RPE (RPEpeak). Results The variability of both the HR and RPE values showed a tendency to decrease over the stages during the incremental test and was not or slightly influenced by the incremental test design. The HR at 14 km·h−1 and HRmax presented the highest reproducibility (CV < 2%). In contrast, the submaximal RPE values showed higher variability indices (i.e., CV > 5.0%). In conclusion, the HR values were highly reproducible during the stages of the incremental test, in contrast to the RPE values that presented limited reproducibility.