Diagnostic de securite d'une entreprise bresilienne a partir de l'analyse des accidents du travail par la methode de l'arbre des causes

We present here the results of a study of 21 work-related accidents that occurred in a Brazilian manufacturing company. The aim was to assess the safety level of the company to improve its work accident prevention policy. In the last 6 months of 1992 and 1993, all accidents resulting in 15 days' absence from work, reported for social security purposes, were analyzed using the INRS causal tree method (ADC) and a questionnaire completed on site. Potential risk factors for accidents were identified based on the specific factors highlighted by the ADC. More universal trees were also compiled for the safety assessment. Three hundred and thirty specific accident factors were recorded (man of 15.71 per accident). This is consistent with there being multiple causes of accidents rather than the assertion of Brazilian business safety departments that accidents are due to 'dangerous' or 'unsafe' behavior. Introducing the idea of culpability into accidents prevents the implementation of an appropriate information feedback process, essential for effective prevention. However, the large number of accidents related to 'material' (78%) and 'environment' (70%) indicates that working conditions are poor. This shows that the technical risks, mostly due to unsafe machinery and equipment are not being dealt with. Seventy-five potential accident factors were identified. Of these, 35% were 'organizational', a high proportion for the company studied. Improvisation occurs at all levels, particularly at the organizational level. This is, thus a major determinant for entire series of, if not most, accident situations. The poor condition of equipment also plays a major role in accidents. The effects of poor equipment on safety exacerbate the organizational shortcomings. The company's safety intervention policy should improve the management of human resources (rules designating particular workers for particular workstations; instructions for the safe operation of machines and equipment; training of operators, etc.) and introduce programs to detect risks and to improve the safety of machines and equipment. We also recommend the establishment of a program to follow the results of any preventive measures adopted.

Diagnostic de sécurité d’une entreprise brésilienne à partir de l’analyse des accidents du travail par la méthode de l’arbre des causes

We present here the results of a study of 21 work-related accidents that occurred in a Brazilian manufacturing company. The aim was to assess the safety level of the company to improve its work accident prevention policy. In the last 6 months of 1992 and 1993, all accidents resulting in 15 days' absence from work, reported for social security purposes, were analyzed using the INRS causal tree method (ADC) and a questionnaire completed on site. Potential risk factors for accidents were identified based on the specific factors highlighted by the ADC. More universal trees were also compiled for the safety assessment. Three hundred and thirty specific accident factors were recorded (mean of 15.71 per accident). This is consistent with there being multiple causes of accidents rather than the assertion of Brazilian business safety departments that accidents are due to dangerous or unsafe behavior. Introducing the idea of culpability into accidents prevents the implementation of an appropriate information feedback process, essential for effective prevention. However, the large number of accidents related to material (78%) and environment (70%) indicates that working conditions are poor. This shows that the technical risks, mostly due to unsafe machinery and equipment are not being dealt with. Seventy-five potential accident factors were identified. Of these, 35% were organizational, a high proportion for the company studied. Improvisation occurs at all levels, particularly at the organizational level. This is thus a major determinant for entire series of, if not most, accident situations. The poor condition of equipment also plays a major role in accidents. The effects of poor equipment on safety exacerbate the organizational shortcomings. The company's safety intervention policy should improve the management of human resources (rules designating particular workers for particular workstations; instructions for the safe operation of machines and equipment; training of operators, etc.) and introduce programs to detect risks and to improve the safety of machines and equipment. We also recommend the establishment of a program to follow the results of any preventive measures adopted.

O tempo de trabalho em sua dimensão subjetiva

Cet article expose les résultats d une recherche scientifique ayant d abord conçu la manière dont les coopératives de travail, géerées par une Économie Solidaire, pourraient se présenter comme un espace d expression de subjectivité du travailleur associé. À partir de la précision des objetifs, on y a poursuivi à la recherche d une coopéerative étant réglée d après les principes de l Économie Solidaire. Après avoir examiné de diverses coopératives, il a été conçu que CooperSol s est au fur et à mesure constituée un partenaire avantageux et s est également montrée grâce aux observations et témoignages étant un espace d expression de la subjectivité du travailleur coopéré concernant l autogestion, le temps de travail et la création d une culture solidaire. L aspect présenté dans cet article se rapporte au temps de travail qui, chez CooperSol, gagne dans sa dimension subjective, qualitative, en tenant compte de certains éléments oubliés, comme l aspect cyclique et hétérogène du temps, ou bien, le temps vécu, guidé par le rythme habituel de la vie, en comptant sur plusieurs dimensions du quotidien.

As formas híbridas em Os Pescadores de Raul Brandão

Pós-graduação em Estudos Literários - FCLAR

Acidente do trabalho e reparação moral não pecuniária: uma perspectiva bioética

Pós-graduação em Direito - FCHS

O lugar Marambaia

Pós-graduação em Geografia - FCT

Emprego e trabalho no início do século XXI: revisitando Keynes e Marx

The nature of labor in advanced economies has presented a significant change lately. The technological process has resulted in the reduction of labor without content and the expansion of labor with higher qualification or schooling, a phenomenon that can be discussed by turning to Keynes and Marx. As far as Keynes is concerned, his foresight was that technological progress would generate a huge reduction of labor time and the expansion of leisure time. Since this did not occur, the failure may be attributed to the fact of having worked with opposition between labor without content and leisure. Thus, it was not possible to capture the historical changes in labor and man's relationship with it. Marx's viewpoint is completely different, because his opposition takes place between labor without content and activity labor, the latter impregnated with content and essential to the development of individualities. Therefore, present reality has a greater identification with Marx and presents major challenges to capitalism and its critique.

A influência da Segunda Guerra Mundial na produção literária de Saint- Exupéry

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Deus escreve certo por linhas tortas

If cinema is an essentially urban means of expression, the fruit of technique and industry, can a film narrator express in a film’s esthetics a caipira’s « Weltanschauung » (world vision or philosophy) ? We suggest, agreeing with Benjamin – who considers that narrative is the best expression of manual and traditional work’s time– that the story related by the film A proteção de Santo António constitutes a cinematographic narrative which can be classified as caipira. Tenderly called by the audiences Santo António e a vaca, this film was supported by a large part of the population for its making, which allowed to fill in the lack of technical and financial resources. Here, we defend the idea that the visible traces of this work in this particular film, turns it into a real filmic narrative and also into a sincere tribute to caipira culture.

A espacialidade no romance histórico francês no século XIX: Balzac, Hugo e Elémir

Pós-graduação em Estudos Literários - FCLAR