Imagen de hipertrofia bilateral del proceso coronoides mandibular a través de la tomografía computarizada cone-beam

The hypertrophy of the mandibular coronoid process is a rare condition, progressive and of unknown etiology, characterized by the over development of the coronoid process determining their size increased, resulting in progressive and painful limitation of mouth opening. The mandibular hypomobility is a present symptom in several diseases and associates it to a specific cause requires detailed clinical and imaginologic examination. The cone-beam computed tomography has the potential to provide complementary informations above than conventional radiography. It also has the advantage of eliminate overlaps, provide high resolution image, helping not only in diagnosis, but also in planning the surgical procedure. Here we report a case of male patient, who appeared at the clinic for an evaluation of a trismus. He had no pain, only discomfort for progressive limitation of mouth opening. On physical examination, only a limited mouth opening has been found. Although the movements of laterality and protrusión were posible, they were very limited. Cone-beam computed tomography examination was performed, that showed an image compatible with bilateral hypertrophy of the mandibular coronoid process.

Avaliação tomográfica dos pedículos vertebrais no tratamento cirúrgico dos pacientes com escoliose idiopática do adolescente

OBJETIVO: Determinar através de cortes tomográficos e reconstrução tridimensional a incidência de mal posicionamento de parafusos em pacientes submetidos ao tratamento cirúrgico da Escoliose idiopática do adolescente. MÉTODOS: Foram analisados exames tomográficos de 8 pacientes, tratados cirurgicamente no Hospital de Base de São José do Rio Preto-SP, realizada instrumentação posterior partindo de T2 /T4 a L4/L5 totalizando 164 parafusos. RESULTADOS: 32,9% (n=54) apresentavam posicionamento com risco potencial,ou seja desvio acima de 2 milímetros, sendo 20,1% (n=33) com invasão lateral, 9,1% (n=15) com invasão medial, 3,6 %(n=6) com invasão anterior. Dos parafusos que ofereciam risco potencial a relação com aspecto da curva foi de 46% (n=25) na concavidade, 35% (n=19) na convexidade e 19% (n=10) em vértebras adjacentes a curva. CONCLUSÃO: Os limites de penetração aceitáveis, assim como os métodos de mensuração ainda não foram padronizados, a técnica free hand' mostrou-se segura, apesar da violação dos pedículos. A tomografia computadorizada pré-operatória, auxilia no planejamento cirúrgico e na redução das complicações.

Efectos de los aparatos propulsores mandibulares fijos en la articulación temporomandibular

Fixed mandibular propulsion appliances are an alternative for the treatment of Class II malocclusion in individuals with mandibular deficiency. Since they are fixed appliances, said devices keep the mandible in an anterior-forced position during rest and during all mandibular functions. When a propulsive appliance is used, the lower jaw is displaced forward and downward. This movement leads to a new position of the condyle, which can, ultimately affect the normal functioning of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). The aim of this paper was to review effects of fixed mandibular propulsive appliance on TMJ. Inclusion criteria considered studies on animals or humans using TMJ radiography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. Studies confirm a favorable relation between condyle and glenoid fossa following treatment with fixed mandibular propulsion appliances.

Uso da radioterapia no tumor venéreo transmissível em cães

Since the discovery of x rays, the use of radiation in oncology has advanced remarkably. In Brazil, radiation therapy in animals is limited to some isolated studies in public universities and the procedures performed is still precarious because radiation equipments are expensive and there is still a lack of skilled professionals. The transmissible venereal tumor (TVT) is a contagious neoplasm of spontaneous occurrence, commonly treated with vincristine. This paper describes the positive experience of radiotherapy as an isolated option or as an combined treatment with vincristine in three cases of TVT. It was observed that radiotherapy may be used in routine clinical chemotherapy alone or combined with chemotherapy since suitable sources of radiation are provided.

Glioma misto em um cão: relato de caso

Intracranial neoplasms are common causes of neurological disorders in middle-aged and elderly dogs. With the feasibility of computed tomography, it is now possible to determine the extent and exact location of brain tumors, identifying them ante mortem in dogs and cats. This paper aims to report the occurrence of a mixed glioma in a Boxer dog examined at the Veterinary Hospital of Unesp, Botucatu Campus. The animal presented with a brain syndrome of acute onset and progressive course. CT scan showed the presence of a mass in the right cerebral hemisphere extending from the frontal to the parietal region and involving the basal ganglia. Given the gravity of the neurological disorder, the owner chose to perform euthanasia. Microscopic analysis of the mass allowed the diagnosis of mixed glioma.

Características tomográficas de neoplasias encefálicas primárias em cães

Computed tomography (CT) can be considered an important test to identify the presence of primary brain neoplasias in dogs. CT results can help define the type of brain tumor when associated with clinical findings. It allows the identification of lesions and their features, such as size, location, compression and invasion of adjacent tissue. One must analyze the density, mass effect, peritumoral edema, calcification, and image enhancement after intravenous injection of contrast medium. Gliomas, meningiomas and tumors of the choroid plexus and pituitary are the most common primary brain neoplasms diagnosed by CT in dogs. The aim of this paper is to review the literature related to primary brain tumors and report their most important tomographic features, in order to help clinicians achieve a presumptive diagnosis of tumor type.