56 resultados para Superficie
em Repositório Institucional UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho"
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Presents a study of the spectral response of a specific vegetative cover under the same soil elevation angle, but in different classes of slope, through Landsat transparencies. The site located in the region of Presidente Prudente was studied through topo sheets to define the classes of slope. Densitometric readings were obtained of selected areas, representing the terrain reflectance in different relief conditions. The cluster analysis was used to classify the densitometric data according to the classes of slope. The map of classes of slope/reflectance of the terrain surface showed a high correlation, mainly for the classes A (0-10%) and B (10-20%). -from English summary
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Jersey cows has been used in warm climates because they have better performance in dairy production. Generally milk production is reduced in warm climates due to the consequent reduction in feed intake because of the heat stress. When the heat stress occurs there is an increase in the body temperature, however it is not known if the skin temperature indicates a thermal discomfort or if it influences milk yield. The objective of this research was to verify if there was a correlation between skin temperature and milk yield using two treatments. Treatment (A) where the cows stayed for 30 minutes before the milking period, in a room with a shower and a fan; and treatment (B) where the cows did not had access to any cooling device (control). After milking the skin temperature were recorded in the places: forehead, back, leg and teats. Data were statistically analyzed and, even though in treatment (A) the skin temperature were reduced it was not found correlation between skin temperature and milk yield.
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Necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis is associated with bacteria and predisposing risk factors. The treatment is centered in elimination and/or control of the bacteria and predisposing risk factors. However the disease acute phase could induce sequelae as periodontal tissue destruction which may be treated by periodontal surgical procedures.
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The expressive possibilities within the field of surface design come up with increasingly larger with the emergence of technologies that allow the construction of forms and structures of high complexity such as three-dimensional printing. Establishing a relationship between design and complex systems, this work seeks to address the significant interrelationship of new paradigms of science, designed from concepts such as chaos, complexity and self-organization along with the cyber and parametric design, assuming thus the consequent impact of these in the creation and construction of process surfaces. Starting from the investigation of the applicability of the aforementioned conceptual bases, will be exemplified prospects of surface, produced in the first instance through computer interfaces, assigning the emergence of new creative processes and technology. Furthermore, elucidating biomimetics and its importance in the design of the design as a means of inspiration in complex systems of nature.
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The objective of this work, the performance of three varieties of soybean on "Tabuleiros Costeiros" State of Alagoas. The installation of the experiment occurred on March 20, 2006, picking up the parcels on 26 August 2006. The experimental design was a randomized blocks with seven repetitions. The experimental plots consisted of ten rows of 4.0 m in length, spaced 0.50 m. In ten plants per plot were marked certain height of the plant in full bloom stage R2 and point of harvest stage R9 considering the distance between the soil surface and apical end of the main stem, the body weight of 100 seeds, grain production and dry weight in (kg ha(-1)) which are calculated from the production harvested per plot. The soybean plants of three varieties showed height below the minimum required for mechanical harvesting. The three varieties yield or more of the traditionally producing. The average of dry matter accumulation obtained show the variety BRS Tracaja as a good option for the production of forage.
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The vegetal residues maintenance on soil surface, characteristic of no-tillage system have changing the nutrients availability. So, in this sense, the aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of times of N application on corn sowed in no tillage system under vegetable residues of different species used for soil covering and straw supply in the cerrado area. The experiment was carried out in field conditions, in an Oxisol characteristic of this area. The treatments were constituted by the combination of different times of N application: (43+23+20+00); (00+70+20+00); (00+00+90+00); (00+00+20+70); (00+00+00+90) with an control treatment (absence of nitrogen), in kg ha(-1), respectively 30 days before the desiccation, at desiccation, at sowing and at sidedress of corn, sowed directly on Penisetum americanum and Brachiaria decumbens residues. By the results it can be concluded that nitrogen application in soybean, independent of time, does not increase productivity in relation to the treatment without nitrogen application.
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JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Ainda não está bem estabelecida a concentração de lidocaína que é potencialmente capaz de determinar lesão no tecido nervoso. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi estudar os efeitos sobre a medula espinhal e as meninges, de concentrações crescentes de lidocaína administrada por via subaracnóidea, em injeção única através de agulha de Quincke. MÉTODO: Após a aprovação da Comissão de Ética em Experimentação Animal, 40 cães adultos foram anestesiados com fentanil e etomidato e submetidos a punção subaracnóidea com agulha de Quincke 22G 21/2 para introdução de 1 mL, em 10 segundos, de solução glicosada a 7,5% - Grupo 1; lidocaína a 5% em solução glicosada a 7,5% - Grupo 2; lidocaína a 7,5% em solução glicosada a 7,5% - Grupo 3; lidocaína a 10% em solução glicosada a 7,5% - Grupo 4. Após a recuperação da anestesia venosa, foram observados, no período em que os animais estavam em vigência do bloqueio subaracnóideo, a presença de bloqueio motor, o tônus do esfíncter anal (normal ou relaxado) e o nível de bloqueio sensitivo nos diferentes dermátomos das regiões cervical, torácica, lombar e sacral. Os animais permaneceram em cativeiro por 72 horas. Foram avaliados o tônus do esfíncter anal, a motricidade das patas posteriores, a sensibilidade dolorosa nas patas anteriores e posteriores e nos dermátomos sacrais, lombares e torácicos. Após serem sacrificados por eletrocussão sob anestesia, foram retiradas porções lombar e sacral da medula espinhal e das meninges para exame histológico por microscopia óptica. RESULTADOS: Nenhum animal dos Grupos 1 e 2 apresentou lesões clínicas ou histológicas. Três animais do Grupo 3 apresentaram alterações motoras nas patas posteriores e relaxamento do esfíncter anal. Nestes, foram observados focos de necrose na região posterior (dois cães) e necrose em faixa em toda a superfície medular (um cão). em um outro animal deste grupo, no qual foram notados focos de necrose, em área inferior a 5% do campo histológico não foram encontradas alterações clínicas. Sete animais do Grupo 4 apresentaram alterações clínicas (paralisia ou diminuição de força muscular nas patas posteriores, relaxamento do esfíncter anal) e histológicas (necrose na faixa da superfície medular ou focos de necrose de tecido nervoso). CONCLUSÕES: Neste estudo, a lidocaína em concentrações superiores a 7,5%, em injeção única, administrada no espaço subaracnóideo por meio de agulha de Quincke, determinou alterações histológicas sobre a medula espinhal, mas não sobre as meninges.
Resumo:
The morphological and structural alterations that occur in the neuromuscular junctions of the denervated rat diaphragm were studied. Fifteen adult male albino rats (Rattus norvegicus) aged about 60 days and with a mean weight of 200 g were used. Chronically denervated diaphragms were obtained and the animals were sacrificed after 4, 8 and 12 weeks of denervation. The left antimere of the diaphragm was denervated by section of the phrenic nerve and the right antimere was used as control. Each antimere was divided into three fragments: one was used for histochemical (nonspecific esterase) and morphometric study of neuromuscular junctions, and the other two were used for transmission and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. Histochemical analysis of the diaphragm neuromuscular junctions after denervation showed only small changes in junction morphology. However, these junctions became smaller and elongated and presented less visible contours with increasing time of denervation. Ultrastructural analysis of neuromuscular junctions after 12 weeks showed more or less organized junctional folds on the muscle fiber surface. The junctional cytoplasm exhibited important alterations such as mitochondrial degeneration and the presence of numerous filaments. SEM revealed the presence of deep primary synaptic grooves with peripheral excavations which housed the nerve terminal boutons and exhibited internally the secondary synaptic clefts present among the junctional folds of the sarcolemma. This study showed that some of the morphological changes demonstrated in other denervated striated skeletal muscles are not repeated at the same intensity or in the same temporal pattern in the rat diaphragm.
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De acordo com a necessidade de aumentar a produção de mudas de azaléia por meio da propagação vegetativa, em menor intervalo de tempo, foi proposto estudar os efeitos de diferentes substratos e concentrações de ANA (ácido naftalenoacético). O experimento foi conduzido em esquema fatorial 3X4 com três substratos (areia grossa lavada, casca de arroz carbonizada e húmus) e quatro concentrações de ANA na forma de pó (0; 2,5; 5,0 e 7,5%). Utilizaram-se estacas de 100 mm de comprimento retiradas da porção apical do ramo, sem gema apical e com corte em bisel na parte superior, deixando um par de folhas cortadas ao meio. Essas foram colocadas para enraizar em bandejas de isopor de 128 células, por um período de 90 dias, nas quais avaliaram-se: comprimento, superficie, volume e diâmetro radicular e a porcentagem de estacas enraizadas, sobreviventes, mortas e número de brotos. Pode-se concluir que a maior porcentagem de enraizamento foi obtida no substrato de casca de arroz carbonizada e com ANA na concentração de 5%.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA