Perfil de citocinas inflamatórias em indivíduos submetidos a procedimentos cirúrgicos utilizando propofol ou isoflurano

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Estudo analítico das endoscopias das vias aéreas de equinos PSI durante o período de 1993-2003 e avaliação dos resultados de procedimentos cirúrgicos laringeanos realizados no Jockey Club de São Paulo durante o período de 1998-2003

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ

Potencial toxicogenômico e citotóxico dos anestésicos propofol e isoflurano em indivíduos submetidos a procedimentos cirúrgicos

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação do comportamento de quatro biomateriais associados a enxertos ósseos autógenos nos procedimentos cirúrgicos de elevação de seio maxilar. Estudo histomorfométrico em humanos

Pós-graduação em Odontologia - FOAR

Utilização do plasma rico em plaquetas nos procedimentos cirúrgicos de elevação do seio maxilar: estudo histomorfométrico em humanos

Pós-graduação em Odontologia - FOAR

Avaliação da Taxa de Exposição em Exames Radiológicos Realizados em Procedimentos Cirúrgicos - Minimização dos Riscos em Indivíduos Ocupacionalmente Expostos

This paper consists in the evaluation of the exposure rate to ionizing radiation to which professionals working in surgical procedures which require radiological examinations are subjected. Were initially performed real-time readings of exposure rate within four distinct operating rooms during the execution of four surgical procedures that made use of fluoroscopy equipment (including three orthopedic surgeries, one in the shoulder, one in the arm, another for deployment of metal pin in the leg region, and a fourth for vascular procedure); in these surgeries were used ionization chamber detector and an electrometer. In order to check the values achieved, was made a re-evaluation of the distribution of the rate of exposure to radiation, from the surgical procedures, now with thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs). For this, thirty TLDs were distributed in the operating rooms, arranged in points of interest as occupation by professionals. The TLDs were prepared for thirty consecutive days, after which they were removed and replaced with new dosimeters not exposed yet. The dosimeters were subjected to reading of the rate of exposure; this procedure was repeated for four months without interruption. The quantification of the results sought primarily to convert the rate of exposure for equivalent dose rate, both in measurements with ionization chamber as in measurements with TLDs, in order to highlight the presence of the biological effect of ionizing radiation for comparisons within scientific context. Then, the results were plotted to establish the relationship between the values of equivalent dose and the distance to the central axis of the x -ray source, confirming the inverse square law for distance. Finally, the values were associated with the maximum limit recommended by the legislation for occupationally exposed individuals. The methodology for the analysis and quantification of the data in this work aims at implementing a work plan that meets ...

Principais aspectos cirúrgicos de hérnias diafragmáticas em pequenos animais

Em decorrência da alteração presente nas rupturas diafragmáticas ser de natureza anatômica, o tratamento cirúrgico é o único indicado. As abordagens cirúrgicas mais utilizadas são a laparotomia pela linha média e a toracotomia intercostal, porém, a correção cirúrgica pode ser dificultada, principalmente quando houver perda de tecido, evolução crônica, ou quando a lesão no músculo diafragma for extensa, necessitando de procedimentos cirúrgicos mais apropriados, tal como a utilização de implantes biológicos ou sintéticos. Os vários tipos de implantes e enxertos testados para reparar os defeitos no músculo diafragma obtiveram bons resultados e baixas taxas de mortalidade, sugerindo uma nova alternativa no reparo de defeitos diafragmáticos

Dificuldades relatadas por estudantes de odontologia diante de procedimentos relacionados à periodontia

Objective: This study aimed at evaluating the difficulties reported by last-year dentistry course students regarding basic and surgical periodontal procedures. Methods: A proposed questionnaire with 24 questions, 14 related to basic periodontal procedures and 10 to surgical procedures, was applied to 45 undergraduate students with jobs involving these procedures, during the practical activities of the Integrated Clinic Discipline, a compulsory subject in the curriculum of the course, taught to last-year students. Students were asked about their own perceptions of the difficulties in implementing the various steps related to the treatments. The degree of individual difficulty was determined according to the Likert scale: 0 = none, 1 = mild, 2 = moderate, 3 = high, 4 = very high. Exploratory analysis of data was applied, and the difficulty level was also dichotomized into none to mild (scores 0 and 1) and moderate to very high (scores 2–4). Results: Regarding the basic periodontal treatment, bone level probing was the procedure with the highest number of student difficulties (57.5%). As for the difficulties reported by students regarding the stages of periodontal surgery, only the procedures related to anesthesia and suture removal had no report of doubts. Conclusion: Periodontal surgery was the procedure involving the most prevalent questions reported as moderate to very high, and the indication for the most suitable surgical technique was the stage with the highest percentage of questions (66.6%) among the undergraduates.

Estudo histomorfométrico do processo de cicatrização óssea em defeitos cirúrgicos de camanho crítico em calvárias de ratos preenchidos com polímero de mamona

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavior of the polymer histomorphometrically castor during the healing process of defects of critical size calvarial preparations in rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty animals underwent a surgical procedure that was to be held in the calvaria of each animal a critical defect of 8 mm in diameter with a drill trephine. The rats were divided into two groups according to the following procedures: group C received no treatment and the bone defect site was filled with blood clot, group M, the bone defect was filled with castor oil polymer particles. The animals were sacrificed 180 days after the surgical procedures. After routine laboratory procedures the specimens were subjected to analysis histomorphometric. Results: In groups C the newly formed bone tissue was well developed, with adjacent areas of osteoid matrix rich in osteoblasts, and restricted to the vicinity of the edges of the defect. In animals of group M was observed newly formed lamellar bone tissue restricted to the vicinity of the defect edges and particles of polymer Castor distributed throughout the defect. There was a higher percentage of newly formed bone area was statistically significant in group C compared to animals in group M. Conclusions: Within the limits of this study can conclude that the castor oil polymer is biocompatible and had kept the area during the healing of critical size defects in surgically prepared rat calvariae.

Estudo histomorfométrico do processo de cicatrização óssea em defeitos cirúrgicos de tamanho crítico em calvárias de ratos preenchidos com polímero de mamona

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavior of the polymer histomorphometrically castor during the healing process of defects of critical size calvarial preparations in rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty animals underwent a surgical procedure that was to be held in the calvaria of each animal a critical defect of 8 mm in diameter with a drill trephine. The rats were divided into two groups according to the following procedures: group C received no treatment and the bone defect site was filled with blood clot, group M, the bone defect was filled with castor oil polymer particles. The animals were sacrificed 180 days after the surgical procedures. After routine laboratory procedures the specimens were subjected to analysis histomorphometric. Results: In groups C the newly formed bone tissue was well developed, with adjacent areas of osteoid matrix rich in osteoblasts, and restricted to the vicinity of the edges of the defect. In animals of group M was observed newly formed lamellar bone tissue restricted to the vicinity of the defect edges and particles of polymer Castor distributed throughout the defect. There was a higher percentage of newly formed bone area was statistically significant in group C compared to animals in group M. Conclusions: Within the limits of this study can conclude that the castor oil polymer is biocompatible and had kept the area during the healing of critical size defects in surgically prepared rat calvariae

O uso de drogas anticoagulantes e antiplaquetárias orais em pacientes cirúrgicos ambulatoriais: revisão de literatura

The oral anticoagulants (AOC) and platelet antiagregants are drugs used for the prevention of thromboembolic phenomena, such as pulmonary embolism in patients with atrial fribrilation heart valves, thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. For patients who are undergoing surgical procedures-dentistry were asked to discontinue the use of anticoagulants until the value of the INR remained = 2.0, that in order to avoid trans and hemorrhages in the postoperative period. However, the AOC can cause the formation of a clot, leading to obstruction of blood pathways. Thus, it became doubtful the medicine for surgery, in which local hemostatic measures would be sufficient to promote hemostasis. Thus, the objective of the review was to evaluate the risk of bleeding in patients AOC users that are subjected to surgical procedures, through a bibliographical survey carried out in relevant clinical studies published between 1990 and 2012, by the MedlinePubMed data. In this review of literature was concluded that the benefit of thromboembolism prevention overcomes the risk hemorrhage, therefore, it is recommended to keep the dose of anticoagulant therapy unchanged for patients undergoing oral surgery and implant dentistry, using appropriate INR levels with the assistance of local hemostatic. In addition, a refined surgical technique should be performed in these patients. With respect to the most invasive oral surgery, with a risk of bleeding, treatment may be necessary in conjunction with the medical staff.

Ultra-som pulsado de baixa intensidade em fraturas diafisárias: aplicação clínica em cães

Os efeitos da estimulação ultra-sônica sobre a consolidação óssea têm sido demonstrados por trabalhos experimentais e clínicos. Este estudo teve por objetivo investigar a aplicação clínica do ultra-som pulsado de baixa intensidade como tratamento adjuvante de fraturas diafisárias em cães. Foram utilizados 16 cães de raças variadas, com faixa etária entre sete meses e seis anos, peso corpóreo entre 2,5 e 43kg, portadores de fraturas diafisárias fechadas recentes localizadas no rádio e ulna, fêmur ou tíbia e fíbula, estabilizadas por procedimentos de osteossíntese (fixação esquelética externa, pinos intramedulares ou a associação desses métodos). Os cães foram divididos em dois grupos: fraturas estabilizadas tratadas por ultra-som de baixa intensidade (grupo tratado, n=8); fraturas estabilizadas, não tratadas por estimulação ultra-sônica, (grupo controle, n=8). Os animais foram avaliados por exames clínicos e radiográficos nos períodos pré-operatório, pós-operatório imediato e a cada 30 dias posteriores aos procedimentos cirúrgicos. Realizou-se tratamento com ultra-som pulsado (sinal senoidal com freqüência de 1,5MHz, largura de pulso de 200µs e freqüência de repetição de 1kHz) de baixa intensidade (30mW cm-2), aplicado de modo estacionário no foco de fratura. A terapia ultra-sônica foi realizada 20 minutos por dia, durante 21 dias consecutivos, a partir do período compreendido entre o 1° e o 9° dia pós-operatório. O teste t de Student, empregado na análise estatística, mostrou diferença significante (P<0,001 e alfa=0,05) entre as médias dos parâmetros de tempo para consolidação óssea observadas nos animais dos grupos tratado (média de 67,5 dias) e controle (média de 106 dias). Este protocolo de estimulação ultra-sônica promoveu sinais clínicos e radiográficos acelerados da consolidação óssea nas fraturas tratadas. Os resultados deste estudo sugerem que o ultra-som pulsado de baixa intensidade pode ser indicado como terapia adjuvante de fraturas diafisárias recentes em cães.

Leucogram and serum acute phase protein concentrations in queens submitted to conventional or videolaparoscopic ovariectomy

Trinta gatas, saudáveis, foram submetidas à ovariectomia pela técnica convencional e por videolaparoscopia. Amostras de sangue foram obtidas com o objetivo de verificar a intensidade da resposta inflamatória por meio da análise das concentrações de proteinas de fase aguda e contagem de leucócitos antes e até 144 horas após procedimento cirúrgico. As proteínas que apresentaram aumento significativo 24 horas após a cirurgia foram: ceruloplasmina, hemopexina, haptoglobina e α1-glicoproteína ácida, 69,8%, 103,5%, 117,3% e 199,0%, respectivamente, para ovariectomia convencional, e 22,3%, 46,1%, 79,8% e 74,6%, respectivamente, para ovariectomia por videolaparoscopia. A resposta inflamatória foi mais evidente nas gatas submetidas à ovariectomia convencional. Os resultados mostram aumento e diminuição na concentração de proteínas de fase aguda e na contagem de leucócitos, podendo ser utilizados na avaliação da resposta inflamatória induzida por procedimentos cirúrgicos.

Association of acepromazine with propofol in giant amazon turtles Podocnemis expansa reared in captivity

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of different concentrations of an anesthetic association in giant amazon turtles (Podocnemis expansa).METHODS: Twenty healthy P. expansa of both sexes weighing between 1.0 and 1.5kg commercially bred in the Araguaia River Valley, Goias, Brazil, were separated into two groups (G1 n=10 and G2 n=10). Each group received a respective protocol: P1=acepromazine (0.5 mg/kg IM) and propofol (5 mg/kg IV) and P2=acepromazine (0.5 mg/kg IM) and propofol (10 mg/kg IV). The acepromazine was administered in the left thoracic member and the propofol in the cervical vertebral sinus. Assessments were made of the anesthetic parameters of locomotion, muscle relaxation, response to pain stimuli in the right thoracic and pelvic members and heartbeat.RESULTS: The anesthetic induction time was the same for both protocols (P1 and P2); however the P2 effects were of a longer duration.CONCLUSION: The sedation achieved with both protocols (P1 and P2) were satisfactory for the biological sample collection, physical examinations and minor surgeries on this species.

Tratamento médico e fonoaudiológico da disfonia espasmódica: uma revisão bibliográfica

A disfonia espasmódica (DE) é um distúrbio vocal caracterizado por voz tensa-estrangulada, com quebras de sonoridade e que compromete a comunicação do indivíduo. O objetivo deste estudo é apresentar uma revisão bibliográfica dos tratamentos médico e fonoaudiológico proposto para a DE no período entre 2006 e 2010. Os tratamentos descritos foram: injeção de toxina botulínica (TB), miectomia, neurectomia, denervação e reinervação laríngea seletiva adutora, tireoplastia, miotermia tiroaritenóidea com radiofrequência, injeção de lidocaína, homeopatia e tratamento fonoaudiológico (fonoterapia). O uso de injeção de TB mostrou resultados que indicaram a satisfação dos pacientes tratados, embora alguns dos artigos apontassem a necessidade de reaplicação da toxina frequentemente, como desvantagem. Os procedimentos cirúrgicos foram considerados duradouros e indicados para os pacientes que não quiseram se submeter às aplicações de TB. Tais estudos, no entanto, apresentaram contingência de pacientes restrita e os resultados foram baseados, na maioria das investigações, no julgamento dos próprios pacientes sobre a sua qualidade vocal. Os tratamentos, com uso de lidocaína e homeopatia, mostraram resultados positivos em relação à qualidade vocal dos pacientes e foram sugeridos como uma opção, também, para aqueles que não gostariam de ser submetidos ao tratamento cirúrgico ou à aplicação de TB. Os poucos estudos que reportam fonoterapia assinalaram bons resultados quando a mesma foi associada à injeção de TB, mostrando a escassez de informações nesta área. Futuras pesquisas envolvendo a fonoterapia no tratamento da DE são necessárias.