Enxertia de mesa de Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Deg. sobre Passiflora alata Curtis, em ambiente de nebulização intermitente

O maracujazeiro é uma cultura típica de países tropicais, sendo estes responsáveis por cerca de 90% da produção mundial. A propagação vegetativa do maracujazeiro permite a obtenção de pomares uniformes, bem como de porta-enxertos altamente produtivos ou resistentes a doenças. O experimento teve como objetivo verificar a viabilidade da enxertia de mesa do maracujazeiro-amarelo (Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Deg.) sobre o maracujazeiro-doce (Passiflora alata Curtis), conduzido em telado com 50% de sombreamento, dotado de sistema de nebulização intermitente. Foi conduzido de agosto de 2001 a maio de 2002, na Fazenda de Ensino e Pesquisa da UNESP - Câmpus de Ilha Solteira, localizada no município de Selvíria - MS. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi blocos ao acaso, esquema de parcelas subdivididas no tempo, totalizando quatro tratamentos (T1 - enxertia tipo fenda cheia, com o garfo do ponteiro dos ramos; T2 - enxertia tipo inglês simples, com o garfo do ponteiro dos ramos; T3 - enxertia tipo fenda cheia, com o garfo da parte mediana dos ramos; T4 - enxertia tipo inglês simples, com o garfo da parte mediana dos ramos), cinco repetições e 25 estacas enxertadas por parcela. Foram avaliados: a) porcentagem de sobrevivência das estacas enxertadas; b) porcentagem de estacas enxertadas enraizadas; c) número de brotos emitidos por estaca enxertada; d) número de folhas emitidas por estaca enxertada; e) massa da matéria seca da raiz, caule, folha e planta. Com base nos resultados, pode-se concluir que: a técnica de enxertia de mesa, quando aplicada ao maracujazeiro, mostrou-se viável, com excelente porcentagem de sobrevivência e enraizamento.

Efeito do ácido indolbutírico no enraizamento de estacas de ramos semilenhosos de pessegueiro

Neste trabalho objetivou-se estudar o efeito do ácido indolbutírico (AIB) na formação de raízes adventícias em estacas semilenhosas de nove cultivares-copa (Arlequim, Aurora, Biuti, Diamante, Momo, Ouromel, Pérola de Mairinque, Premier e Tropical) e dois porta-enxertos (Okinawa e R-15-2) de pessegueiro. O experimento foi realizado na Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Lavras, MG, em nov./dez. de 1997. As concentrações de AIB utilizadas foram de 0, 1.000, 2.000 e 3.000 mg L-1, e as estacas tiveram a base imersa em solução durante cinco segundos. O AIB influenciou no enraizamento, na formação de calo e no número de raízes. As maiores porcentagens de enraizamento foram observadas nas cultivares Pérola de Mairinque (56,62%) e Tropical (55,04%), ambas ocorrendo na concentração de 3.000 mg L-1 de AIB.

Efeito de reguladores vegetais no desenvolvimento de mudas de Passiflora alata Curtis

O principal fator limitante à produção de mudas enxertadas de maracujazeiro é o elevado tempo para a sua formação. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de reguladores vegetais no desenvolvimento de mudas de Passiflora alata Curtis, a serem empregadas como porta-enxerto, visando a reduzir o tempo para atingir o ponto de enxertia. O delineamento experimental empregado foi o inteiramente casualisado, em esquema fatorial 4x5 (4 reguladores vegetais x 5 concentrações), com 4 repetições de 25 plantas por parcela. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por 0,0 mg L-1 (testemunha); 25 mg L-1; 50 mg L-1; 75 mg L-1, e 100 mg L-1 de Benziladenina (BA), GA4+7 + Fenilmetil-aminopurina (GA4+7+CK), Ácido giberélico (GA3) e Cloreto de chlormequat (CCC). Avaliaram-se o comprimento e o diâmetro do caule, o número de folhas, o comprimento e a fitomassa seca de raíz, do caule, das folhas e total. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e de regressão polinomial, sendo realizado desdobramento quando houve efeito significativo da interação.Os reguladores não promoveram respostas significativas para o comprimento e a massa seca de raiz, do caule, de folhas e total. Porém, GA4+7+Fenilmetil-aminopurina foi o regulador que incrementou o comprimento do caule, o diâmetro e o número de folhas, promovendo maior desenvolvimento às mudas e reduzindo o tempo para a formação do porta-enxerto, de três a oito meses, para dois meses (63 dias).

IBA e carboidratos no enraizamento de brotações procedentes de estacas radiciais de Rubus Spp.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Propagação por garfagem da aceroleira cv. Okinawa sobre diferentes porta-enxertos

Pós-graduação em Agronomia - FEIS

Propagação e diferenciação floral do abacateiro

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Propagação do pinhão manso por estaquia, enxertia e sementes

Pós-graduação em Agronomia - FEIS

Formação de mudas de alface em bandejas preenchidas com diferentes substratos

This study was conducted in the Department of Horticulture and Experimentation at the University Jose do Rosario Vellano (UNIFENAS) in Alfenas-MG, Brasil in order to evaluate the formation of lettuce seedlings in trays filled with different substrates. The materials used to compose the substrates were pig bed base with wood shavings (M), pig bed with base coffee straw (C), earthworm humus (H) and commercial substrates Nutriorg (R) and Plantmax (R) The use of these pure substrates and various mixtures permitted the formation of 18 substrates that constituted the treatments. The experimental design was a completely randomized design with three replications. The lettuce seedlings were formed with the lettuce cultivar Regina. The seeds were sown in trays with 128 cells filled with the substrates under study. Each experimental unit was compost of 64 cells. The conduct of the experiment was within a protective structure of 85 m 2, model chapel with transparent plastic cover 100 microns thickness, additives against ultraviolet rays. After 30 days of sowing, ten seedlings were harvested randomly within each experimental unit for evaluating the number of leaves and the plant height. It was also evaluated the fresh and dry mass of aerial part and fresh and dry mass of root. It was concluded that the substrate T1 - M met the best features for the formation of lettuce seedlings in trays of 128 cells.

Propagação assexuada e desenvolvimento inicial de mudas propagadas sexuadamente de Ficus adhatodifolia Schott ex Spreng. (Moraceae)

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Horticultura) - FCA

Estudo da compatibilidade de atemoia ((Annona cherimola Mill. X Annona squamosa L. CV. 'THOMOSON') enxertada em araticum-de-terra-fria [Annona emarginata (Schltdl.) H. Rainer variedade terra-fria] e biribá [[Annona mucosa (Bai.) H. Rainer]

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Crescimento e qualidade de mudas de vinhático (Platymenia foliolosa Benth.) em resposta à adubação com potássio e enxofre

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Effect of juvenility on cutting propagation of red pitaya

Introduction. Pitaya (Hylocereus undatus) is an exotic fruit species little known in Brazil and which needs basic studies about plant nutrition, propagation and physiology. Emphasizing the co-existence of juvenile and adult stages in the pitaya canopy, the plant is generally propagated by cuttings. Materials and methods. A completely randomized design with four treatments and five replications was adopted. Each treatment was represented by the part of the canopy from which the cutting was taken ( upper, middle and lower cutting and cuttings from young plants). The following variables were registered: % cuttings with roots, % of live cuttings, root density, root diameter, root area, root length and root dry mass. Results were submitted to variance analyses, Tukey's test at 0.01 probability error and simple correlation analysis. Results and discussion. The results indicated that the position from which the cutting is taken had a quantitative effect on rooting formation of pitaya cuttings. Juvenile cuttings presented 35% more cuttings with roots than adult cuttings. Root density, root area, root length and root dry mass depended on juvenility, the highest results being registered for juvenile cuttings, independently of the variable. Conclusion. Juvenile and adult stages co-exist in the pitaya canopy. Juvenility is an important rooting factor for red pitaya cuttings.

In vitro propagation of Maytenus ilicifolia (Celastraceae) as potential source for antitumoral and antioxidant quinomethide triterpenes production. A rapid quantitative method for their analysis by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography

Cell culture of Maytenus ilicifolia were established in order to produce and to quantify the antitumoral and antioxidant quinonemethide triterpenes. In vitro calli were induced from leaf explants of native plants and cultured in semi-solid medium under controlled conditions of humidity, temperature and photoperiod. The quinonemethide triterpenes showed maximum accumulation in the logarithmic phase growth of the cell culture. A rapid, sensitive and reliable reverse-phase HPLC method was used for quantitative determination of the antitumoral and antioxidant quinonemethide triterpenes, 22β-hydroxymaytenin and maytenin in callus of Maytenus ilicifolia. Well resolved peaks with good detection response and linearity in the range 1.0 - 100 μg/mL were obtained. This quantitative work was performed by an external standard method.

Dovyalis hebecarpa propagation by the use of cuttings

The vegetative propagation of Dovyalis hebecarpawas studied using herbaceous cuttings of a hybrid introduced in Brazil by the College of Agriculture, Campus of Jaboticabal-UNESP. The treatments consisted of (1) evaluating the effect of five 3-Indolebutyric acid (IBA) doses (0 (control), 1,000, 3,000, 5,000 and 7,000 mg.L -1); (2) the influence of two kinds of herbaceous cuttings (apical and sub-apical) and (3) the collection position on the plant (upper and lower part of the canopy) at two different times of the year (autumn and spring). The experimental design was completely randomized with four replicates of 10 cuttings each; the analysis was on a 5 × 2 × 2 factorial layout. The growth regulator (IBA) did not influence the rooting of cuttings in either sampling season. The best season for the rooting was spring. Apical cuttings were desirable for rooting in both seasons. In autumn cuttings taken from the lower portion of the plant showed significantly higher rooting values than the ones from the upper portion; and in spring cuttings taken from the upper portion had higher rooting percentages. © 2007 by The Haworth Press. All rights reserved.

Lychee propagation (Litchi chinensis Sonn.): A comparative study of rootstocks

The lychee (Litchi chinensis Sonnerat), of the family Sapindaceae, is a highly valued fruit throughout the world. It is native to southern China, but it is cultivated in many parts of the world. In Brazil, the cultivation of the lychee was initiated in the 1970s in the State of São Paulo and has been increasing in production even though the crop size still averages only 1.4 ha per producer. The low crop size is attributed to the high cost of seedlings and the amount of time required for the plant to bear fruit. These factors discourage planting in large areas. The purpose of this research is to study some aspects of what is vitally important for the production of lychee seedlings on a large scale, with low cost and good genetic quality. Tests were performed using rootstocks from seeds of lychee and longan (Euphoria longan Lam.). Scions for grafting were taken from plants of lychee 'Bengal' in the collection of fruit species from FCAV-UNESP, Campus of Jaboticabal, Brazil. The experiments were started in September 2007 and the grafting process was performed in each month of the year finishing in August 2008. During this period the influence of these criteria were evaluated: 1) time of the year; 2) species of rootstock; 3) percentage of grafting success; 4) stem height at grafting point; 5) stem diameter at grafting point. Therefore, through statistical analysis we obtained significant differences in relation to the rootstock used, the months of the year in which the grafting was performed and the interaction between rootstock and the month in which the grafting was performed.