Tosse, uma visão do otorrinolaringologista.

Persistent cough leads individuals to seek for medical assistance. Clinical investigation, however, may not reveal any alteration within the clinic's sphere of action. Often enough, some professionals treat the symptom as a disease, introducing several medicines, unsuccessfully. The author's experience, as an otolaryngologist, allows to state that many of these professionals ignore the upper aerodigestive tract as a cough-generator site. The present work discusses the alterations on the mentioned tract, which may provoke the cough reflex, reviewing, initially, the cough mechanism and the localization of the specific receptors. Cough is produce by stimulus at the receptor level or far from it. In upper and lower parts of the aerodigestive tract secretions may run to several directions. Secretion from the paranasal sinus is a frequent cause of cough. Acute sinusitis may occur insidiously bringing about the chronification of the inflammation with cough being the only great apparent symptom. Nasal and dental alterations favor sinusal infection. Signs and symptoms, even if minimum, may be detected through an accurate anamnesis. Nasal allergy, laryngitis, post nasal dripping and septal deviation may also produce cough. The ORL examination is, therefore, imperative, and no radiologic examination can substitute for it. An inadequate treatment, particularly of the sinusitis, may bring about a worsening and extension of the initial condition.

Observation of persistent photoconductivity in vanadyl phthalocyanine

Persistent photoconductivity (PPC) in vanadyl phthalocyanine (VOPc) organic light-emitting diodes was investigated using photoconductive time response, photocurrent-voltage characteristics and charge extraction in linearly increasing voltage (CELIV) measurements. The experiments were performed in phase 1 (amorphous) and in phase 2 (crystalline) samples obtained by the physical vapour deposition (PVD) technique over ITO/glass electrodes with an Al covering electrode. The results indicated a photoconductivity with a long decay time in phase 1 VOPc described by a stretched exponential relaxation. The device showed a rectifying behaviour and the mobility of holes was measured by CELIV, following a dispersive model. In crystalline samples the PPC effect was not observed and the dominant mechanism of transport of holes was hopping in a Gaussian density of states.

Persistent Pleuropulmonary Air Leak Treated with Autologous Blood: Results from a University Hospital and Review of Literature

Background: Persistent air leak after pulmonary resection is a difficult complication for thoracic surgeons to manage. Objectives: To show the results of our experience treating persistent pleuropulmonary air leak with autologous blood and review the literature on this specific method of treatment. Methods: Retrospective study of patients with persistent aerial pleuropulmonary fistula treated with autologous blood. The patient's own blood was collected from a peripheral vein and directly introduced through the pleural drain. An inverted siphon was located in the drainage system to avoid prolonged clamping of the drain. This siphon impeded blood return but not air escape. Results: Between January 2001 and August 2008, 27 patients were treated by the above method. Patient age ranged from 2 to 74 years, and 78% were male. Each procedure used a mean quantity of 92 ml blood. Mean persistent air leak time before pleurodesis was 10.6 days and mean time to fistula resolution after pleurodesis was 1.5 days. Twenty-three (85%) patients had persistent pleuropulmonary air leak closed with the above procedure. Conclusion: Treating persistent pleuropulmonary air leak with autologous blood is promising, but further studies are required to quantify its real effectiveness. Copyright (C) 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel

Treatment of Acral Persistent Papular Mucinosis with Electrocoagulation

Background: Acral persistent papular mucinosis is a rare localized form of lichen myxedematosus with few case reports and no documented therapeutic options.Objective: To report full resolution of acral persistent papular mucinosis after electrocoagulation.Methods: Case report of a 51-year-old white female diagnosed with an acral persistent papular mucinosis. The clinical and histopathologic features, treatment provided, and response to treatment are detailed.Results: Acral persistent papular mucinosis presented as multiple asymptomatic normochromic papules on the wrists. Treatment with topical and intralesional steroids was unsatisfactory. Gentle electrocoagulation led to complete resolution of the lesions and negligible scarring. The favorable results remained for 6 months of follow-up, and no new lesions have emerged.Conclusion: Our case of acral persistent papular mucinosis was successfully treated with electrocoagulation and long-lasting, excellent cosmetic results.

Levels of selected persistent organic pollutants in blood from delivering women in seven selected areas of São Paulo State, Brazil

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Local application of tetracycline solution with a microbrush: An alternative treatment for persistent periodontitis

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Persistent Impairment of Testicular Histology and Sperm Motility in Adult Rats Treated with Cisplatin at Peri-Puberty

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Persistent organic pollutants in juvenile Magellan penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus) found on the northern shore of the state of São Paulo and southern shore of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Electrolytic treatment applied to the industrial effluent containing persistent wastes monitored by Bartha respirometric assays

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Levels of persistent organic pollutants and residual pattern of DDTs in small cetaceans from the coast of São Paulo, Brazil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

HUMAN SYNGAMOSIS - 2 CASES OF CHRONIC COUGH CAUSED BY MAMMOMONOGAMUS-LARYNGEUS

Parasites of the genus Mammomonogamus may occasionally affect the human respiratory tract, causing human syngamosis. We describe two cases of chronic unproductive cough caused by Mammomonogamus laryngeus that occurred in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Some aspects related to human parasitism, diagnostic approach, and treatment are discussed.

EFFECT OF A PERSISTENT INFLAMMATORY PROCESS ON EXPERIMENTAL HETEROTOPIC OSSIFICATION - THE INFLUENCE OF MACROPHAGES

1. We investigated the effect of a persistent carrageenin- or nystatin-induced inflammatory reaction on heterotopic ossification produced by the subcutaneous implant of a demineralized bone matrix in female Swiss mice (25 to 35 g).2. Subcutaneous carrageenin injection (0.3 ml of a 2% solution in saline) into mice induced an inflammatory reaction characterized by a mature granuloma predominantly of macrophages containing particles of the irritant in their cytoplasm and which remained unchanged until the end of the experiment (40th day).3. Subcutaneous nystatin inoculation (30,000 IU in 0.3 ml saline) induced an inflammatory reaction consisting initially of macrophages (4th day) but later turning into an epithelioid granuloma (7th day) consisting predominantly of epithelioid cells and which was present up to the 2 lst day when it was gradually replaced by adipocytes up to the 30th day.4. An intramuscular implant of demineralized bone matrix (DBM, approximately 10 mg) induced the formation of cartilage and bone tissue and of hemopoietic bone marrow (heterotopic ossification) in 100% of the control animals (N = 5). An intramuscular DBM implant in animals that received carrageenin (N = 19) or nystatin (N = 21) induced heterotopic ossification in 100 and 57% (P<0.01)) of the animals, respectively.5. The response to a dorsal subcutaneous DBM implant was essentially negative in control animals (N = 5), whereas implants performed near the site injected with carrageenin (N = 28) or nystatin (N = 31) produced a response in 71 (P <0.01) and 36 % (P<0.01) of the animals, respectively. A DBM implant into the contralateral (control) dorsal subcutaneous tissue of the same animals that received carrageenin (N = 25) or nystatin (N = 29) resulted in heterotopic ossification in 64 (P<0.01) and 7% of the animals, respectively.6. The results suggest that the macrophages present in the mature granuloma induced by carrageenin somehow favored the development of metaplastic plates after subcutaneous DBM implant and that this effect may be systemic since the same response was observed in contralateral subcutaneous tissue.

Evaluation of peak cough flow in Brazilian healthy adults

Introduction. In this study we aimed to evaluate the peak cough flow (PCF) in healthy Brazilian subjects. Methods. We evaluated 484 healthy subjects between 18 and 40 years old. Subjects were seated and oriented were asked to perform a maximal inspiration followed by a quick, short and explosive expiration on the peak flow meter. Three measures were carried out and recorded the average of the three results for each individual. Results: The PCF values ranged between 240 and 500 L/min. The PCF values were lower in females than in males. The PCF was inversely proportional to age. Conclusion: The values for Brazilian adult healthy subjects regarding PCF were between 240 and 500 L/min. © 2012 Cardoso et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.