Molecular Identification and Characterization of Ileal and Cecal Fungus Communities in Broilers Given Probiotics, Specific Essential Oil Blends, and Under Mixed Eimeria Infection

Broiler digestive tract fungal communities have gained far less scrutiny than that given corresponding bacterial communities. Attention given poultry-associated fungi have focused primarily on feed-associated toxin-producers, yeast, and yeast products. The current project focused on the use of pyrosequencing and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) to identify and monitor broiler digestive fungal communities. Eight different treatments were included. Four controls were an Uninfected-Unmedicated Control, an Unmedicated-Infected Control, the antibiotic bacitracin methylene disalicylate plus the ionophore monensin as Positive Control, and the ionophore monensin alone as a Negative Control. Four treatments were two probiotics (BC-30 and Calsporin) and two specific essential oil blends (Crina Poultry Plus and Crina Poultry AF). All chickens except the Unmedicated-Uninfected Control were given, at 15 days of age, a standard oral Eimeria inoculum of sporulated oocysts. Ileal and cecal digesta were collected at pre-Eimeria infection at 14 days of age and at 7 days post-Eimeria infection at 22 days of age. Extracted cecal DNA was analyzed by pyrosequencing to examine the impact of diet supplements and Eimeria infection on individual constituents in the fungal community, while DGGE was used to compare more qualitative changes in ileal and cecal communities. Pyrosequencing identified three phyla, seven classes, eight orders, 13 families, 17 genera, and 23 fungal species. Ileal and cecal DGGE patterns showed fungal communities were clustered mainly into pre- and post-infection patterns. Post-infection Unmedicated-Uninfected patterns were clustered with pre-infection groups demonstrating a strong effect of Eimeria infection on digestive fungal populations. These combined techniques offered added versatility towards unraveling the effects of enteropathogen infection and performance enhancing feed additives on broiler digestive microflora.

Parcerias com a cana-de-açúcar: tensões e contradições no desenvolvimento das experiências de assentamentos rurais em São Paulo

A controversa presença da cana nos assentamentos rurais nos últimos anos exige uma cuidadosa reflexão sobre sua interferência no modo de vida dos assentados e na relação dos assentamentos com a dinâmica do desenvolvimento regional. A presença da cana-de-açúcar nos assentamentos tem causado conflitos internos e debates não consensuais sobre o passado/presente/futuro dessas experiências. A análise da parceria com as agroindústrias é atravessada, do nosso ponto de vista, pela noção de trama de tensões, exigindo que sejam submetidas ao crivo analítico as desigualdades constitutivas desta polêmica integração dos assentados às usinas de açúcar e álcool, assim como as consequências socioeconômicas e ambientais da problemática transformação dos assentamentos rurais em celeiros da cana. No âmbito desse artigo, serão considerados como objetos da investigação os assentamentos das regiões de Araraquara e do Pontal do Paranapanema e analisadas perspectivas de outro modelo de desenvolvimento.

Schwarzschild generalized black hole horizon and the embedding space

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Técnica e humanismo na poesia de Michel Deguy

Conselho Nacional do Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

A eleição parlamentar no Mercosul

Este artigo analisa a representação parlamentar no Mercosul e as implicações da institucionalização do Parlasul, expondo como este foi pensado e os desdobramentos de sua institucionalização, tendo presente uma preocupação em identificar mudanças ocorridas a partir de sua atuação, e de sua relação com os órgãos decisórios do Mercosul e os Congressos Nacionais.

Colonization of a 'Lost World': Encrustation patterns in modern subtropical brachiopod assemblages.

The encrustation of Paleozoic rhynchonelliform brachiopods has been studied for decades, but modern brachiopods have not received similar scrutiny. The discovery of abundant subtropical brachiopods from the Southeast Brazilian Bight provides an unprecedented opportunity to assess epibiont abundance, diversity, and encrustation patterns in modern brachiopod assemblages. Across the outer shelf, encrustation frequencies vary among taxa, from mean values of 0.45% for Platidia to 9.3% for Argyrotheca. Encrustation frequencies for Bouchardia increase from 1.6% on the outer shelf to 84% on the inner shelf Larger valves are encrusted more frequently, and epibionts preferentially colonize valve interiors. Increased encrustation on the inner shelf may reflect the greater surface area of larger hosts, longer exposure of dead shells, water-mass characteristics, sedimentation rates, productivity, or other factors that vary with depth. Inner-shelf brachiopods exhibit encrustation frequencies comparable to those reported for epifaunal bivalves. The epibiont fauna is dominated by bryozoans and serpulids, with minor roles played by spirorbids, bivalves, barnacles, foraminifera, algae, and other taxa. Epibiont abundance at each site is highly variable, but sites are similar in rank importance of epibiont taxa. A different suite of epibionts colonized Paleozoic brachiopods, but similar patterns of encrustation have been observed, including preferential settlement according to valve morphology. These results provide a baseline for evaluating the encrustation of modern bivalves and ancient brachiopods, and may elucidate the macroevolutionary history of epibionts and their relationship to their hosts.

Recommended Guidelines for Submission, Trimming, Margin Evaluation, and Reporting of Tumor Biopsy Specimens in Veterinary Surgical Pathology

Neoplastic diseases are typically diagnosed by biopsy and histopathological evaluation. The pathology report is key in determining prognosis, therapeutic decisions, and overall case management and therefore requires diagnostic accuracy, completeness, and clarity. Successful management relies on collaboration between clinical veterinarians, oncologists, and pathologists. To date there has been no standardized approach or guideline for the submission, trimming, margin evaluation, or reporting of neoplastic biopsy specimens in veterinary medicine. To address this issue, a committee consisting of veterinary pathologists and oncologists was established under the auspices of the American College of Veterinary Pathologists Oncology Committee. These consensus guidelines were subsequently reviewed and endorsed by a large international group of veterinary pathologists. These recommended guidelines are not mandated but rather exist to help clinicians and veterinary pathologists optimally handle neoplastic biopsy samples. Many of these guidelines represent the collective experience of the committee members and consensus group when assessing neoplastic lesions from veterinary patients but have not met the rigors of definitive scientific study and investigation. These questions of technique, analysis, and evaluation should be put through formal scrutiny in rigorous clinical studies in the near future so that more definitive guidelines can be derived.

Deputados estaduais e democracia: Valores políticos das elites parlamentares paulista e paranaense

After 20 years of reestablished democracy in Brazil, what do the state legislators think about the regime? The goal of the article is to show the views of state legislators of the Legislative Assemblies of the States of São Paulo and Paraná on democracy. For the views we use a structured and self-administered questionnaire. The results show that for the state legislators: i) democracy is stable, ii) it is superior to any other kind of regime, iii) it's support comes from some public policy and the use of voting and iv) parties and elections are important for democracy.

Visualização de Afinidades Entre Parlamentares Mediante Dados de Votações no Senado Brasileiro

The expansion of citizen participation in the public sphere depends directly of access information on the performance of elected representatives, especially with regard to their voting decisions during their terms. The Information Science can assist in this process, proposing and evaluating models of access to such information that may be obtained from data to be provided by the official websites from legislative, in levels federal, state and municipal. It is proposed in this paper to analyze the process of collecting and using of data about votes of senators in order to promote the use of this model in other spheres. From analyzed data a affinity matrix was developed to identifying the relationship between each of the parliamentary with others, based on the similarities of the decisions taken in all the open votes. It was also analyzed the development of initial visualizations and the extension of the scope of the search through the application of data obtained in all the affinities between parliamentarians and to obtain an average affinity between parties, enabling new dimensions of analysis to the data collected. The preparation of the full matrix of relations of affinity among parliamentarians can provide a new horizon of possibilities for developing new forms of visualization and analysis, increasing the visibility of parliamentary actions with society.

A variação de pluralidade nas estruturas predictaivas da variedade falada na região de São José do Rio Preto

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

O Ato legislativo praticado com desvio de poder e a responsabilidade do Estado e do Legislador

Pós-graduação em Direito - FCHS

Em busca do Império: a trajetória intelectual e política de Eduardo Prado

Pós-graduação em História - FCHS

O pacificador beligerante: Alberto José Gonçalves - um padre na política paranaense da 1ª República (1892-1896)

Pós-graduação em História - FCHS

A democracia impressa: transição do campo jornalístico e do político e a cassação do pcb nas páginas da grande imprensa 1945-1948

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Transformações urbanas e psicopatologia na ficção naturalista de Aluísio Azevedo

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)