Bloqueio seletivo dos nervos supraescapular e axilar promove analgesia satisfatória e menor grau de bloqueio motor: comparação com o bloqueio interescalênico

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVO: Cirurgias artroscópicas do ombro cursam com intensa dor pós-operatória. Diversas técnicas analgésicas têm sido preconizadas. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar o bloqueio dos nervos supraescapular e axilar nas cirurgias artroscópicas de ombro com a abordagem interescalênica do plexo braquial. MÉTODO: Sessenta e oito pacientes foram alocados em dois grupos de 34, de acordo com a técnica utilizada: grupo interescalênico (GI) e grupo seletivo (GS), sendo ambas as abordagens realizadas com neuroestimulador. No GI, após resposta motora adequada foram injetados 30 mL de levopubivacaína em excesso enantiomérico de 50% a 0,33% com adrenalina 1:200.000. No GS, após resposta motora do nervo supraescapular e axilar, foram injetados 15 mL da mesma substância em cada nervo. em seguida, realizada anestesia geral. Variáveis avaliadas: tempo para realização dos bloqueios, analgesia, consumo de opioide, bloqueio motor, estabilidade cardiocirculatória, satisfação e aceitabilidade pelo paciente. RESULTADOS: Tempo para execução do bloqueio interescalênico foi significativamente menor que para realização do bloqueio seletivo. Analgesia foi significativamente maior no pós-operatório imediato no GI e no pós-operatório tardio no GS. Consumo de morfina foi significativamente maior na primeira hora no GS. Bloqueio motor foi significativamente menor no GS. Estabilidade cardiocirculatória, satisfação e aceitabilidade da técnica pelo paciente não diferiram entre os grupos. Ocorreu uma falha no GI e duas no GS. CONCLUSÕES: Ambas as técnicas são seguras, eficazes com mesmo grau de satisfação e aceitabilidade. O bloqueio seletivo de ambos os nervos apresentou analgesia satisfatória, com a vantagem de proporcionar bloqueio motor restrito ao ombro.

Effects of physical exercise on articular range of motion of the lower limb in the Parkinson's disease individuals

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Deformación del área de corte de las limas endodónticas sometidas a diferentes métodos de precurvatura

Objetive: Evaluate the deformations caused in the cutting edges in the K-file #25 (LK), subjected to pre-beinding of the apcial third using the following methods: finder-bending, cotton-pliers bendin and Flexobend, observed under scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Material and methods: Forty-eight LK#25 were divides into 4 groups (n=12); G1, control; G2, finger-bending; G3, cotton-plier bending, G4, Flexobend. The curvature was standardized in the apical segment of the file at 2 mm of D!. Was constructed a model of acrylic resin that correspond to a canal of 20º of curvature. The files were examined under SEM (260X). Data were analyzed using Fisher´s statistical test with a significance level of 5%. Results: The images showed no alterations in the LK, similar to G3, with no statistical difference. G3 and G4 were statistically different form the other groups (p<0.05). Conclusions: the finger-bending method to curve apical third of LK #25 did not alter the cutting edges, the cotton-pliers bending and Flexobend did alter the cutting edges of the files (AU)

Temporomandibular disorders in females: acupuncture compared to occlusal splint

To compare the effect of acupuncture and occlusal splint in the treatment of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in female patients.Method: Forty-eight female patients (mean age of 39.3±6.8 years) with diagnosed pain in muscles or joint according to RDC/TMD criteria were attended at UNESP - Aracatuba Dental School. Including criteria were reported pain in the chewing muscles and/or in the temporomandibular joint measured by a visual analogue scale (range from 0 to 10) and a reported reduction of the maximum mouth opening. Excluding factors were major occlusal problems, systemic diseases, pregnancy and age below 18 years. After randomization, the first group was treated with acupuncture performed by instructed dentist. The second group was treated with occlusal splint. The outcome variables were assessed at baseline (prior to the first treatment session) and after 1, 3 and 6 months. Primary criteria of success were improvement of mouth opening and pain reduction.Result: Acupuncture group exhibited chewing pain decrease from 5 (at baseline) to 1, 2 and 1 after 1, 3 and 6 months, respectively. In the splint group, chewing pain decreased from 4 to 2, 1 and 2 after 1, 3 and 6 months, respectively. The mouth opening (in mm) increased from 28 (at baseline) to 42, 44 and 46 after 1, 3 and 6 months, respectively in the acupuncture group. In the splint group, mouth opening improved from 29 to 40 after 1 month, and to 43 and 42 after 3 and 6 months. A significant pain reduction was noted for both groups when compared to the baseline (p<.001; Wilcoxon test). Acupuncture group had a significant clinical improvement of opening mouth (Mann-Whitney). Conclusion: The present outcomes suggest a positive association among acupuncture and occlusal splint on the reduction of chewing pain. Acupuncture was more effective in the mouth opening increase.