Avaliação da utilização do atual Diesel (combustível) comercial brasileiro (ano de referência 2003-2004) para motores com gerenciamento eletrônico de combustível e sistema de recirculação de gases de escape (EGR), certificados pela legislação EPA, 2004

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

Modelo Matemático para redimensionamento de motores elétricos trifásicos superdimensionados

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

Análise de viabilidade de implementação de um centro inteligente de motores

Across the industry, regardless of the activity which is intended, the electricity distribution must meet the current and ever growing needs of the market, aiming at reliability and process efficiency. The energy must not only be available to ensure continuity of operation, but also to avoid the costs incurred due to deficiencies and failures. The tendency to migrate to intelligent systems is undeniable and this thesis will be analyzed the advantages that made this kind technology essential, focused on the analysis of the motor control center and as sturdy equipment fit to the concept of intelligent panels. The case study compares in a real scenario the acquisition of a system of low-voltage electrical panels comparing the cost to purchase the same set of panels made with and without the concept of intelligence

Análise do desempenho de um gerador elétrico de pequeno porte acionado a motor de combustão a quatro tempos

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

Análise de viabilidade técnica-econômica para a aplicação de inversores de frequência em sistemas de bombeamento de baixa potência

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

Eficiência energética em uma indústria madeireira

In wood processing industries, which use electrical equipment in the production process, in most cases these are badly scaled or operate under inadequate conditions, resulting directly in industrial energy efficiency, which proves important because besides having technological innovation, also with practices and policies, aims to decrease power consumption. So in a wiring project should take into account the variables that influence energy efficiency. Thus this work has been reviewed and subsequently calculated some of these variables, such as active power, power factor and demand for the entire industry (global) and also for specific equipment, the chipper. The network analysis was performed in a wood processing industry in the city of Taquarivaí - SP, and evaluated these variables with a network analyzer and also by analysis on energy bills, which were found in both analysis levels below those found in literature. These factors are due to poor design, improper use, storage of equipment or even by characteristic of the production process, ie, the equipment running on empty because of the volatility of production

Análise da viabilidade de motorização elétrica do soprador no ciclo regenerativo da unidade de craqueamento catalítico fluidizado em uma refinaria

One of the biggest environmental problems of today is the climate change. Experts affirm that this global warming is related to the greenhouse effect. Its causes are directly related to human activity, especially the use of fossil fuels. In this context, companies around the world are challenged to improve energy efficiency in order to reduce the environmental impact and work toward the so-called tripod of sustainable development that focuses on the social, economic and environmental aspects of a business strategy. The first step a company can make in this regard is to conduct an inventory of emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs). The reduction of GHG emissions in a refinery can be achieved by replacing steam turbines with electric motors to drive big machines, this reduction is achieved by relieving the steam consumption for electric power available or purchased. An important aspect associated with the reduction of GHG emissions is the best performance of the Energy Intensity Index (ERI). The objective of this study was to analyze the feasibility of the blower motorization in the regenerative cycle of a fluidized catalytic cracking unit at a specific refinery. For development work, two methods were used, the initial screening and optimization scenarios with the help of software Butyl. The results indicate that after a certain cost of natural gas this substitution becomes favorable. In addition, there is a large reduction of CO2 emissions avoided by burning fuel

Análise cinemática e dinâmica para conversão de um VW saveiro em veículo elétrico

This work aims to kinematic and dynamic analysis of a VW Saveiro in order to estimate the power requested to the engine with the imposed movement conditions. Thus, the study will be the basis to the specification of the electric engine, on the conversion of the internal combustion vehicle into electric one. First of all, a literature review was done in order to understand the state of the art for this issue and come up with the technical features of the vehicle in question. The next step is the identification and calculation of all forces acting on the prototype in motion, from 0 to 120 km/h, in intervals of 10 km/h, under the defined conditions of path and time. Then, were determined the values of the torque and rotation of the components from the transmission system, as well as the engine power, for each speed range. The results show the most influential forces on the resistence of the movement in each speed range, and the behavior of the torque curve is verified. Finally, it was also analyzed the implementation of pinwheels on the frontal area of the vehicle, in order to convert wind energy into electrical energy to supply the lighting subsystem of the vehicle and the proposal was validated. Limiting the maximum speed of the vehicle to 90 km/h, it was finally concluded that the power of the electric engine should be 40 HP

Análise da viabilidade econômica na implantação de inversores frequência em sistemas de bombeamento

The present work aims to conduct a study of the economic feasibility of the implementation of variable frequency inverters in pump systems with variable flow rates. The concern with the reduction of energy expenditure in industries raised in 2001 due to the energy crisis that hit Brazil at that time, forcing industries to reduce their electric costs under penalty of fines if this were not done (MOREIRA, 2008). Frequency inverter is an electronic device that allow greater control in the operation of pumping systems and also a reduction in electrical consumption, being a viable solution to achieve a reduction in energy consumption. For the development of this work, approaching important topics in pumping systems was necessary in order to make a correct choice of hydraulic pumping and also other components responsible for the operation of the system , such as electric motors and frequency inverters. In the case study, a theoretical analysis of the behavior of electrical consumption in systems with variable flow rates was performed, comparing when the system is operated via frequency inverters and when the system is operated without such a device. As expected, the result of the implantation of the device was quite satisfactory, and the primary goal of reducing energy expenditure was achieved. Also important to highlight the environmental issue of this work, as all forms of energy production affects nature in some way, achieving a reduction in consumption also contributes indirectly in environmental conservation

Análise do consumo de energia elétrica e da eficiência energética em uma indústria de processamento de madeira

In the industries of wood processing (sawmills), where timber is sawn in equipment such as band saws, circular saws, trowel, thicknessers, among others, that mechanically transform this resource and use of electric motors, which are not unusually poorly scaled working or overloaded, often a factor that is not found in these industries and has fundamental importance in the production process is energy efficiency that is achieved by both technological innovation and through all the practices and policies that aim to lower energy consumption, lowering energy costs and increasing the amount of energy offered no change in generation. For both during the design of an electrical installation, both overall and in various sectors of the installation, investigations are necessary, considerations and uses of variables and factors that put into practice the theme of energy efficiency. Therefore, in this paper, these factors were calculated and analyzed for a wood processing industry (sawmill) in the municipality of Taquarivaí - SP, namely: active power, power factor, demand factor and load factor. Where they were small in relation to the literature, these events that occur when devices are connected at the same time and due to the conditions of processing the wood, where the engines have large variations in electricity consumption during the unfolding of the same, due to efforts with the load and idle moments between each machining operation in the equipment

Controlador PID utilizando microcontrolador PIC

This monograph proposes the implementation of a low cost PID controller utilizing a PIC microcontroller, and its application in a positioning system previously controlled by a dedicated integrated circuit for a positioning system. Applying the closed-loop PID control, the system instability was reduced, and its response was smoother, eliminating vibrations and mechanical wear compared to its response with the dedicated integrated circuit, which has a very limited control action. The actuator of the system is a DC motor, whose speed is controlled by the Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) technique, using a Full-Bridge circuit, allowing the shift of direction of rotation. The utilized microcontroller was the PIC16F684, which has an enhanced PWM module, with its analog converters used as reference and position feedback. The positioning sensor is a multiturn potentiometer coupled to the motor axis by gears. The possibility of programming the PID coefficients in the microcontroller, as well as the adjustment of the sampling rate, allows the implemented system achieving high level of versatility

Controle fuzzy de um motor dc utilizando sistema de aquisição de dados e o matlab

The present work develops a fuzzy inference system to control the rotation speed of a DC motor available in Degem Kit. Therefore, it should use the fuzzy toolbox of Matlab in conjunction with the data acquisition board NI - USB - 6009, a National Instrument’s board. An introduction to fuzzy logic, the mathematical model of a DC motor and the operation of data acquisition board is presented first. Followed by the controller fuzzy model implemented using Simulink which is described in detail. Finally, the prototype is shown and the simulator results are presented

Proposta de uma metodologia de rebobinamento para converter motor de indução trifásico em monofásico

This paper proposes the conversion of a three-phase induction motor into single phase through rewinding its stator. It presents a methodology to calculate this rewinding process considering the constructive parameters of the, such as number of slots and number of poles, for instance. The operating principles of DC motors are highlighted to introduce the logic involved in the calculation of lap and wave windings. The construction of the stator three-phase induction motor generally uses the lap winding, which is also used in single phase to perform the conversion. The rewinding process is widely used for reconstruction of industrial and residential electric motors that have suffered damage or present flaws with use. Therefore, many three-phase electric motors that are discarded or disposed of could be recovered by the method described in this work for a purpose that contributes to energy efficiency or simply saving resources in single-phase uses

Desenvolvimento de experiências de acionamento e controle do movimento angular de motores de indução trifásico

This paper aims to show practical and effectiveexperiencesfor lessons Industrial Automation Laboratory taught inundergraduate degreein ElectricalEngineering from the University Júlio MesquitaFilho - UNESP, Guaratinguetá. Experiments carriedsimulatecontrol and drive systems of electric three phase induction motors (MIT)widely usedinindustries. The experiments simulate a manufacturing environment where there isa need to control the activation and continuous operation ofelectricmotors. Seven experimentsthat simulatethe firing of electrical motors through a controlsystem, a driver along with asimulator loads coupled to the electric motor was developed. Experiments usinga Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) as acontroller,an inverter frequencyasdriver, and MagneticBrake, as simulatorengine loads . The experiments were divided accordingto the speed reference signal used fordrivingand operating the electric motor: digital and analog. The first five experiments performing the drive control and operation of the electric motor via digital signals. The sixth and seventh experiments using an analog signal as a reference speed for the electric motor

Proteção de motores elétricos de grande porte

Large electric motors require greater care when driving, especially during continuous operation since they are part of day-to-day manufacturing sector, acting essentially to ensure that no damage occurs to the production process and equipment that are part of the same system. This work includes the analysis of electrical protection in a system comprised of a three phase induction motor driven by a frequency converter as well as an analysis of the functions of a multifunction electronic relay. It is presented a comparison between the existing functions in a converter and a relay and a real case is described in order to exemplify the use of an electric motor and features that are aimed at their protection, and the system in which it is inserted. Based on the results, it is of great importance in this field of performance studies, generating relevant results, which may be exposed in order to unify into a single document, different sources of information that are arranged randomly, improve utilization motor and extend the life of equipment forming part of the electrical installation