Age-related ultrasonography, cytology, and microbiologic exam of canine prostate

Obtiveram-se parâmetros fisiológicos que pudessem ser utilizados como referência para diagnóstico e prognóstico confiáveis de doença prostática em cães. Trinta e seis cães, sem sinais clínicos de doença prostática ou distúrbios reprodutivos, foram distribuídos em três grupos de acordo com a idade.Os animais foram submetidos à colheita manual de sêmen para exames microbiológicos, à ultrassonografia transabdominal, para avaliar as dimensões, a ecogenicidade e a ecotextura prostática, e à punção aspirativa com agulha fina, para análise citológica e microbiológica. A ultrassonografia revelou que a forma predominante da próstata foi globosa, com superfície de contorno regular. As dimensões variaram de acordo com a idade, sendo pequena em animais jovens e grande nos animais idosos. Houve correlação positiva entre as dimensões prostáticas e o peso corporal. Os exames microbiológicos detectaram microrganismos no plasma seminal de 11 cães e no tecido prostático aspirado de 10 animais, embora eles fossem saudáveis. A citologia não revelou nenhuma alteração inflamatória, proliferativa ou neoplásica nos cães jovens e de meia idade, mas, em três cães idosos foram encontrados sinais de hiperplasia/hipertrofia. Foi observada correlação positiva entre a idade e a área celular e correlação negativa entre a relação núcleo:citoplasma e a dimensão craniocaudal.

Avaliação das queixas estético-funcionais em pacientes portadores de deformidades dentofaciais

OBJETIVO: avaliar as queixas relatadas por pacientes portadores de deformidades dentofaciais como fatores motivadores na procura do tratamento ortodôntico-cirúrgico. METODOLOGIA: foram verificados 130 prontuários de pacientes em tratamento no CEDEFACE - Araraquara, apresentando um período pós-operatório mínimo de 6 meses e idade média de 30,9 anos. A classificação dos tipos de deformidades foi realizada por meio de análise das telerradiografias e das fotografias, sendo subdivididas em três grupos, de acordo com suas características de perfil facial. As informações referentes às queixas foram colhidas por meio de questionários e divididas em duas categorias: queixa principal e queixas secundárias. em relação à análise estatística, utilizaram-se medidas de tendência central (média e mediana) e de variabilidade (variação e desvio-padrão) para descrever as variáveis numéricas de idade. As variáveis categóricas de gênero, deformidades dentofaciais e queixas foram descritas através da distribuição de freqüências, com nível de significância de 5%. RESULTADOS: observou-se predominância do gênero feminino, na razão de 2:1. Na maioria das vezes, a deformidade requeria tratamento somente na maxila ou somente na mandíbula. No gênero feminino predominaram as deformidades de perfil convexo (46%); no gênero masculino houve predominância de deformidades de perfil côncavo (48,8%). As queixas principais evidenciaram que o anseio estético é predominante, tanto no gênero feminino quanto no masculino. CONCLUSÃO: os anseios de melhora estética foram predominantes em ambos os gêneros. A maioria dos pacientes também apresentou anseio por melhora funcional. Queixas de dor orofacial foram observadas em metade da casuística, sendo a segunda queixa mais relatada.

Squamous cell carcinoma in a residual mandibular cyst

Described is a case of squamous-cell carcinoma arising in a residual cyst in a 60-year-old edentulous woman. The clinical and radiographic diagnosis was residual cyst, and the treatment employed was conservative surgical enucleation. The cause of these changes is unknown. Theoretically, the inflammatory reaction may have been a predisposing factor.

Morphology and incidence of torus palatinus and mandibularis in Brazilian Indians

The incidence and morphology of torus platinus and mandibularis was verified in 200 Indians, residents of two Brazilian Indian Reserves in Sao Paulo State, Brazil. A low incidence of both types of exostoses was observed, with torus palatinus occurring more frequently than mandibularis. These structures did not occur in individuals less than 10 years of age. Flattened torus palatinus predominated in relation to the other forms.

Primary cutaneous amyloidosis: Clinical, laboratorial and histopathological study of 25 cases. Identification of gammaglobulins and C3 in the lesions by immunofluorescence

25 cases of primary cutaneous amyloidosis are studied. 16 patients had macular amyloidosis (MPA) and 9 lichen amyloidosus (LPA). γ-Globulins were increased in 50% of the patients. IgG and IgA were increased in the serum of 5 and 3 patients with MPA and 4 and 2 patients with LPA, respectively. Volume of amyloid deposits was similar in both forms. By direct immunofluorescence we demonstrated IgG in the amyloid deposits of 21 of the 25 cases and C3 in 13; IgM was present in 9 cases of MPA and in 3 cases of LPA. MPA was more frequent than LPA; histologically, it was impossible to distinguish MPA from LPA; correlation between serum levels of γ-globulins and their presence in amyloid deposits was weak; MPA and LPA seem to be distinct clinical manifestations of the same disease and itching does not cause transformation of MPA in LPA.

Humoral and cell-mediated immunity in large non-toxic multinodular goitre

Humoral and cell-mediated immunity was investigated in fourteen patients with non-toxic multinodular goitre and ten healthy controls by in vitro methods. These included determination of sheep erythrocyte and complement rosette-forming cells in the peripheral blood, immunoglobulin levels, titres of thyroglobulin and microsomal antibodies and migration inhibition test using thyroid extract and phytohemagglutinin. When compared with controls the patients showed high IgA levels and positive response to thyroid antigen in the leucocyte migration inhibition test. There was no correlation between the leucocyte migration results and the presence of auto-antibodies. These findings indicate a possible role of cell-mediated immunity in non-toxic multinodular goitre.

Immunological disturbances in toxic multinodular goitre and active Graves' disease

Cell-mediated and humoral immunity were studied in seventeen patients with toxic multinodular goitre, ten with active Graves' disease and fourteen healthy controls. The study included determination of sheep erythrocyte and complement rosette-forming cells in peripheral blood, immunoglobulin levels, titres of microsomal antibodies and migration inhibition test using thyroid extract and phytohaemagglutinin. When compared with controls the patients showed a positive response to thyroid antigen in the leucocyte migration inhibition test. Microsomal antibodies were detected in seven out of ten active Graves' disease patients against two out of seventeen of those with toxic multinodular goitre. Significantly increased IgG and IgA and decreased IgM levels were found only in the toxic multinodular group. These data provide further evidence for immunological disturbances in toxic multinodular goitre.

Urinary bladder washings in autopsies. A cytopathologic study of 63 cases

The sediment from urinary bladder washings from 63 consecutive autopsies was cytologically studied in order to achieve a better understanding of the changes in urothelial cells collected from hospital populations. The observed alterations were correlated with alterations in the urinary system and with therapy preceding death. The specimens obtained were of good quality. In 39.7% of the cases, the sediment contained giant superficial multinucleated cells. Three of nine cases previously subjected to radiation or chemotherapy showed atypical urothelial cells. In three cases with immunosuppression, there was cytologic evidence of subclinical infection by polyomavirus, and virus particles were identified by electron microscopy of the vesical mucosa. The study of the smear background offered additional information: the sediment contained hyaline or hematic or hyaline-cellular casts in 17.4% of the cases, in all of which there were renal tubulopathies when the kidney sections were studied. The method is useful for a good evaluation of the autopsy as well as for training in urinary cytopathology.

Correlation between cell-mediated immunity and clinical forms of paracoccidioidomycosis

Cellular immune response to specific and non-specific stimulants was investigated, both in vivo and in vitro, in 29 healthy controls and in 53 previously untreated patients with the chronic isolated organic form (CIOF), the chronic mixed form (CMF) and the acute progressive form (APF) of paracoccidioidomycosis. The study included skin tests to Paracoccidioides brasiliensis antigen (PbAg) and phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), DNCB sensitization, determination of T lymphocytes and complement rosette-forming cells, lymphocyte transformation and leucocyte migration inhibition tests using PbAg and PHA. Patients displayed staggered cutaneous response to PHA and to PbAg, with marked decrease in intensity in the APF group. DNCB sensitization test and proliferative response of lymphocytes to PHA and PbAg were severely depressed in most of the patients. Leucocyte migration inhibition indices to PbAg were highly positive, while response to PHA was slightly decreased regardless of the clinical form. The number of T lymphocytes was reduced in most of patients and in them the number of complement-rosette forming cells was normal. The distribution of patients according to a suppression index, based in the results of the tests employed, revealed a tendency towards an increased degree of cellular immunosuppression from the least severe (CIOF) to the most severe (APF) clinical form of the disease. On the whole, the present study demonstrated a gamut of immunological reactivity in paracoccidioidomycosis. © 1985.