20 resultados para Metabolitos secundarios
em Repositório Institucional UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho"
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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The morphological and structural alterations that occur in the neuromuscular junctions of the denervated rat diaphragm were studied. Fifteen adult male albino rats (Rattus norvegicus) aged about 60 days and with a mean weight of 200 g were used. Chronically denervated diaphragms were obtained and the animals were sacrificed after 4, 8 and 12 weeks of denervation. The left antimere of the diaphragm was denervated by section of the phrenic nerve and the right antimere was used as control. Each antimere was divided into three fragments: one was used for histochemical (nonspecific esterase) and morphometric study of neuromuscular junctions, and the other two were used for transmission and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. Histochemical analysis of the diaphragm neuromuscular junctions after denervation showed only small changes in junction morphology. However, these junctions became smaller and elongated and presented less visible contours with increasing time of denervation. Ultrastructural analysis of neuromuscular junctions after 12 weeks showed more or less organized junctional folds on the muscle fiber surface. The junctional cytoplasm exhibited important alterations such as mitochondrial degeneration and the presence of numerous filaments. SEM revealed the presence of deep primary synaptic grooves with peripheral excavations which housed the nerve terminal boutons and exhibited internally the secondary synaptic clefts present among the junctional folds of the sarcolemma. This study showed that some of the morphological changes demonstrated in other denervated striated skeletal muscles are not repeated at the same intensity or in the same temporal pattern in the rat diaphragm.
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FUNDAMENTO: O polimorfismo T-786C do gene da sintetase do óxido nítrico endotelial (eNOS) e a produção de ânion superóxido podem diminuir a produção e biodisponibilidade do óxido nítrico, comprometendo o grau de vasodilatação, podendo este efeito ser revertido pelo exercício físico. OBJETIVO: Investigar a influência do treinamento aeróbico e do polimorfismo T-786C nas concentrações dos metabólitos do óxido nítrico (NOx), no fluxo sanguíneo (FS) e na pressão arterial (PA). MÉTODOS: Trinta e duas idosas pré-hipertensas (59 ± 6 anos) foram separadas em dois grupos de acordo com o polimorfismo T-786C (TT e TC+CC). Foram analisadas as concentrações de NOx (plasma) e fluxo sanguíneo por pletismografia de oclusão venosa em repouso, 1, 2 e 3 minutos pós-oclusão (FS-0, FS-1, FS-2, FS-3, respectivamente). As avaliações foram realizadas antes e após 6 meses de um programa de exercício aeróbico. RESULTADOS: Nas avaliações pré-treinamento, os níveis de NOx foram menores no grupo TC+CC em relação ao grupo TT. O grupo TT apresentou correlações entre NOx e FS-0 (r = 0,6) e pressão arterial diastólica (PAD) e FS-0 (r = -0,7), porém nenhuma correlação foi encontrada no grupo TC+CC. Nas avaliações pós-treinamento, ocorreram correlações entre NOx e FS-0 (r = 0,6) e nas mudanças do NOx e PAD (r = -0,6) no grupo TT. Também foram obtidas correlações entre PAD e FS-1 (r = -0,8), PAD e FS-2 (r = -0,6), PAD e FS-3 (r = -0,6), nas mudanças entre NOx e FS-1 (r = 0,8) e mudanças do NOx e PAD (r = -0,7) no grupo TC+CC. CONCLUSÃO: Conclui-se que 6 meses de exercício aeróbico podem contribuir para aumentar as relações existentes entre NO, PA e FS em idosas portadores do alelo C.
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The phytochemical profile of ethanolic extract of Solanum lycocarpum fruits was analyzed and preliminary toxicity tests were performed against brine shrimp larvae. The extract was subjected to preliminary phytochemical analysis to identify the main classes of secondary metabolites and tested against the larvae of A. salina to obtain the median lethal concentrations (LC50%). The phytochemical tests showed the presence of phenols, tannins, saponins, alkaloids and free steroids. The extract was fractionated with various solvents for toxicity testing against the larvae and the hydroalcoholic fraction showed considerable cytotoxicity (CL50% = 285.546 g/mL).
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em Serviço Social - FCHS
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia - IQ
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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Genética e Melhoramento de Plantas) - FCAV
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Pós-graduação em Letras - IBILCE
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Pós-graduação em Química - IQ
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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Horticultura) - FCA
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Drug addiction won dramatic aspects in terms of its dimensions and the effects that it imposes. These chemical agents are able to reduce the immune reactivity and tissue repair, and enhance microbial aggression, aggravating the destruction of the periodontium and other side effects. This study aimed to evaluate the presence of key periodontal pathogens in the mouth of drug addiction patients, comparing it with individuals who do not exhibit this dependence, as well as assess the influence of oral conditions on the occurrence of such microorganisms. For this purpose, data on systemic health conditions, socioeconomic, patterns of licit or illicit drug consumption of 100 patients with chemical dependency kept in rehabilitation clinics and an equal number of non-dependent patients, who formed the control group were obtained. Intra and extraoral clinical examinations were performed and samples of supragingival and subgingival biofilm, saliva and mucous membranes were collected. The presence of the targeted microorganism was assessed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). It was found that Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola showed close correlation with bone loss and gingival bleeding in drug addiction dependents and control group, but the oral mucous membranes and saliva of addicts showed higher occurrence of these pathogens.