Distribuição ecológica de comunidades de macroalgas de ambientes lóticos do Parque Nacional de Itatiaia (RJ, MG), Brasil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Patterns of spatial distribution in macroalgal communities from tropical lotic ecosystems

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Short-term successional dynamics of a macroalgal community in a stream from northwestern São Paulo State, Brazil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Photoacclimation in a tropical population of Cladophora glomerata (L.) Kützing 1843 (Chlorophyta) from southeastern Brazil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Flora de comunidades de macroalgas lóticas de fragmentos florestais remanescentes da região noroeste do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil

Foram amostrados 17 riachos, em 12 fragmentos durante a estação seca (junho a agosto de 2007 e de 2008). Foram identificadas 16 espécies de macroalgas, pertencentes a 14 gêneros. Cyanophyta e Chlorophyta foram os grupos mais representativos (44 e 38%, respectivamente), seguidos por Rhodophyta (12%) e Heterokontophyta (6%). O número global de espécies foi baixo, fato atribuído à predominância de substrato areno-argiloso (65%) e de trechos sombreados (53%). A maioria das espécies (69%) ocorreu exclusivamente em um único riacho, padrão frequentemente observado para macroalgas lóticas. Vaucheria pseudogeminata foi reportada pela primeira vez para o Brasil e Trichocoleus sociatus para a região noroeste do Estado de São Paulo. Comparando a flora de macroalgas encontrada com aquelas de outras regiões/biomas do Estado de São Paulo, notou-se maior semelhança com Floresta Tropical (56% espécies em comum), conforme esperado, por ser o bioma mais próximo e composto também por Floresta Estacional Semidecidual.

Photosynthetic responses to temperature in tropical lotic macroalgae

A comparative analysis of the photosynthetic responses to temperature (10-30°C) was carried out under short-term laboratory conditions by chlorophyll fluorescence and oxygen (O2) evolution. Ten lotic macroalgal species from southeastern Brazil (20°11-20°48′S, 49°18-49°41′W) were tested, including Bacillariophyta, Chlorophyta, Cyanophyta, Rhodophyta and Xanthophyta. Temperature had significant effects on electron transport rate (ETR) only for three species (Terpsinoe musica, Bacillariophyta; Cladophora glomerata, Chlorophyta; and C. coeruleus, Rhodophyta), with highest values at 25-30°C, whereas the remaining species had no significant responses. It also had similar effects on non-photochemical quenching and ETR. Differences in net photosynthesis/dark respiration ratios at distinct temperatures were found, with an increasing trend of respiration with higher temperatures. This implies in a decreasing balance between net primary production and temperature, representing more critical conditions toward higher temperatures for most species. In contrast, high net photosynthesis and photosynthesis/dark respiration ratios at high and wide ranges of temperature were found in three species of green algae, suggesting that these algae can be important primary producers in lotic ecosystems, particularly in tropical regions. Optimal photosynthetic rates were observed under similar environmental temperatures for five species (two rhodophytes, two chlorophytes and one diatom) considering both techniques, suggesting acclimation to their respective ambient temperatures. C. coeruleus was the only species with peaks of ETR and O 2 evolution under similar field-measured temperatures. All species kept values of ETR and net photosynthesis close to the optimum under a broad range of temperatures. Increased non-photochemical quenching, as a measure of thermal dissipation of excess energy, toward higher temperatures was observed in some species, as well as positive correlation of non-photochemical quenching with ETR, and were interpreted as two mechanisms of adaptation of the photosynthetic apparatus to temperature changes. Different optimal temperatures were found for individual species by each technique, generally under lower temperatures by O2 evolution, indicating dependence on distinct factors: increases in temperature generally induced higher ETR due to increased enzymatic activity, whereas increments of enzymatic activity were compensated by increased respiration and photorespiration leading to decreases in net photosynthesis.

Sustainable production of biologically active molecules of marine based origin

The marine environment offers both economic and scientific potential which are relatively untapped from a biotechnological point of view. These environments whilst harsh are ironically fragile and dependent on a harmonious life form balance. Exploitation of natural resources by exhaustive wild harvesting has obvious negative environmental consequences. From a European industry perspective marine organisms are a largely underutilised resource. This is not due to lack of interest but due to a lack of choice the industry faces for cost competitive, sustainable and environmentally conscientious product alternatives. Knowledge of the biotechnological potential of marine organisms together with the development of sustainable systems for their cultivation, processing and utilisation are essential. In 2010, the European Commission recognised this need and funded a collaborative RTD/SME project under the Framework 7-Knowledge Based Bio-Economy (KBBE) Theme 2 Programme 'Sustainable culture of marine microorganisms, algae and/or invertebrates for high value added products'. The scope of that project entitled 'Sustainable Production of Biologically Active Molecules of Marine Based Origin' (BAMMBO) is outlined. Although the Union is a global leader in many technologies, it faces increasing competition from traditional rivals and emerging economies alike and must therefore improve its innovation performance. For this reason innovation is placed at the heart of a European Horizon 2020 Strategy wherein the challenge is to connect economic performance to eco performance. This article provides a synopsis of the research activities of the BAMMBO project as they fit within the wider scope of sustainable environmentally conscientious marine resource exploitation for high-value biomolecules. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.

Distribuição ecológica das comunidades de macroalgas de ambientes lóticos em duas unidades de conservação abrangendo os biomas da Floresta Estacional Semidecidual e Campos no estado do Paraná

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação dos efeitos dos polissacarídeos sulfatados de macroalgas marinhas sobre a Fosfolipase A2 de Crotalus durissus terrificus

Pós-graduação em Biologia Geral e Aplicada - IBB

Seleção de habitat por Epialtus spp. (Decapoda: Epialtidae)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)