A inserção do Brasil na política internacional de direitos humanos da pessoa idosa

Este artigo propõe-se a estudar a evolução da proteção internacional dos direitos humanos da pessoa idosa e a posição do Brasil nas discussões sub-regionais, regionais e multilaterais que ocorrem na atualidade, considerando O presente contexto mundial de envelhecimento da população e os novos desafios que essa realidade implica.

Assédio moral: lesão aos direitos humanos e à saúde do trabalhador

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Development of site-specific sediment quality guidelines for North and South Atlantic littoral zones: Comparison against national and international sediment quality benchmarks

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Long-term stability studies on protection against Newcastle disease by commercial live vaccine used in Brazil

The thermostability (TS) and efficacy offered by live vaccines against Newcastle disease strains B 1, La Sota, VG-GA and Ulster, produced or imported by four Brazilian laboratories, were evaluated during their validity period. Kinetic profiles were obtained from samples conserved in refrigerators during 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24 months after their manufacturing. The statistical analysis of the vaccine titre effect obtained by the fresh air (FA) method showed that the vaccine profiles were parallel and coincident, presenting a significant descending trend. The vaccine titres and efficiency proofs at the end of the validity period were above the level of legislation requirements and showed an average loss in titre of 0.40 and 0.66 log(10), within the first and second validity years, respectively. The titre obtained by TS, within the month after manufacturing, had no significant difference from the titre obtained by FA within 24 months after manufacturing, being their pairs of observations positively correlated (r = 0,49, p = 0.0003), showing that the TS method, which anticipates the vaccines' performance at the end of the validity period, can substitute the FA method 24 months after manufacturing. (C) 2009 The International Association for Biologicals. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Comparative study between trimetazidine and ice slush hypothermia in protection against renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in a porcine model

Purpose: The aim of the study was to compare the effects of renal ice slush hypothermia and the use of trimetazidine in the protection against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury.Materials and Methods: Fifteen farm pigs were submitted to left kidney ischemia and right nephrectomy during the same procedure. Animals were divided into three groups. Group 1 was submitted to warm ischemia; Group 2 was submitted to cold ischemia with ice slush; and Group 3 received trimetazidine 20 mg one day and 4 hours before surgery. Ischemia time was 120 minutes in all three groups. Serum creatinine (SCr) and plasma iohexol clearance (CLioh) were measured before surgery and on postoperative days (PODs) 1,3,7, and 14. Semi-quantitative analyses of histological alterations were performed by a pathologist. A p value of < 0.05 was considered significant.Results: All groups showed elevation of serum creatinine in the first week. Serum creatinine was higher in Group 3 in the first and third postoperative days (Mean Cr: 5.5 and 8.1 respectively). Group 2 showed a lower increase in creatinine and a lower decrease in iohexol clearance than the others. Renal function stabilized in the fourteenth POD in all three groups. Analyses of histological alterations did not reach statistical significance between groups.Conclusion: Trimetazidine did not show protection against renal I/R injury in comparison to warm ischemia or hypothermia in a porcine model submitted to 120 minutes of renal ischemia.

Effectiveness of surface protection for resin-modified glass-ionomer materials

Objective: the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of various surface treatments for resin-modified glass-ionomer restorative materials by determining dye uptake spectrophotometrically. Method and materials: Two hundred twenty-four specimens, 4.1 mm in diameter and 2.0 mm thick, were made of 3 materials: Vitremer, Fuji II LC, and Photac-Fil Aplicap. Specimens were divided into 15 groups. The positive and negative control specimens remained unprotected, while the experimental specimens were protected with Heliobond light-activated bonding resin, Colorama nail varnish, or surface coatings indicated by the manufacturers of the glass-ionomer materials. Finishing Gloss for Vitremer, Fuji Varnish for Fuji II LC, and Ketac Glaze for Photac-Fil. The disks were immersed in 0.05% methylene blue for 24 hours except for the negative control group, which was immersed in deionized water. After 24 hours, the disks were removed, washed, and individually placed in 1 mL of 65% nitric acid for 24 hours. The solutions were centrifuged and the spectrophotometric absorbance was determined at 606 nm. The dye uptake was expressed in micrograms of dye per milliliter, and the results were analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: There were no differences in dye uptake among the 3 resin-modified glass-ionomer restorative materials, however, all of them required surface protection. Conclusion: the best surface protection for the 3 evaluated materials was obtained with Heliobond light-activated bonding resin.

SCHOOL PROTECTION SYSTEM: PROTECTING WHO, FROM WHOM?

The main objective of this article is to analyze the policy implanted in the schools in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, with a view to the prevention and intervention in the violence that occurs in the schools. The importance of such discussion is related to the analysis of the principles that are present and of the possible effectiveness of such a program in the school violence. This research is qualitative and the research methodology used was documentary analysis. The documents analyzed were those related to the policy of preventing violence in schools in the state of São Paulo/Brazil, called Protection System School. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of The Association of Science, Education and Technology

Ceramic coating for refractories protection against carbon oxidation, Part 1: Protection mechanisms

For retarding carbon oxidation in refractories during the preheating of metallurgical furnaces, a ceramic coating, made mainly of sodium phosphosilicate and clay was developed. The coating presents high adherence to the substrate with no swelling. The coating was characterized by thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction at room temperature (XRD) and at high temperature (HTXRD), X-ray fluorescence and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). The glass transition temperature is reached at 800 °C and only glassy phase is observed above this temperature. Thus the mechanism of protection seems to be the formation of a glassy phase on the surface of the refractory, and the coating tends to be more efficient at temperatures higher than 800 °C.

Analysis of the electrical characteristics and surge protection of EHV transmission lines supported by tall towers

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Diuron-induced rat urinary bladder carcinogenesis: Mode of action and human relevance evaluations using the International Programme on Chemical Safety framework

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Application of an auditory steady-state response test to evaluate the attenuation of hearing protection devices

This research aims to present a new method to get real attenuation of hearing protection devices, with good reproducibility and a small standard deviation, without relying on skills and cooperation individual. Thus the authors performed tests in 10 individuals without protection and after with two kinds of ear protections (ear plug and ear muffs), to get the threshold limit value in each of the 3 stages. For this, the research used an electrophysical exam, normally used in speech therapy, named ASSR (auditory steady-state response). The principle of this exam is put on individual’s head 3 electrodes, to capture electrical signs directly in auditory nerve. In summary, the authors presented the final results. The method proposed by ANSI (American National Standards Institute) indicated an attenuation of 27.6 dB for ear plugs, while the value found in this work was 16 dB; and for ear muffs, the ANSI method indicated 29.8 dB while the value found here was 28.5 dB.