Liberação intraocular de ofloxacina associada a lente de contato biossintética em ceratite bacteriana experimental em cães

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Effect of polymerization and accelerated aging on iris color stability of ocular prosthesis

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Effect of weathering and thickness on the superficial microhardness of acrylic resin and ocular button

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Alteration of blue pigment in artificial iris in ocular prosthesis: Effect of paint, drying method and artificial aging

The artificial iris is the structure responsible for the dissimulation and aesthetics of ocular prosthesis. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the color stability of artificial iris of microwaveable polymerized ocular prosthesis, as a function of paint type, drying method and accelerated aging. A total of 40 discs of microwaveable polymerized acrylic resin were fabricated, and divided according to the blue paint type ( n = 5): hydrosoluble acrylic, nitrocellulose automotive, hydrosoluble gouache and oil paints. Paints where dried either at natural or at infrared light bulb method. Each specimen was constituted of one disc in colorless acrylic resin and another colored with a basic sclera pigment. Painting was performed in one surface of one of the discs. The specimens were submitted to an artificial aging chamber under ultraviolet light, during 1008 h. A reflective spectrophotometer was used to evaluate color changes. Data were evaluated by 3-way repeated-measures ANOVA and the Tukey HSD test (alpha = 0.05). All paints suffered color alteration. The oil paint presented the highest color resistance to artificial aging regardless of drying method. (C) 2010 British Contact Lens Association. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Perfil dos alunos usuários de lentes de contato do curso de Medicina da Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP - Botucatu

OBJETIVO: Analisar o perfil dos usuários de lentes de contato entre os estudantes de medicina da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu da Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP - Botucatu (SP), quanto à ametropia, à aquisição, aos cuidados e às complicações. MÉTODOS: Foi aplicado um questionário aos alunos do 1º ao 6º ano de Medicina da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu da Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP - Botucatu (SP), perfazendo um estudo analítico transversal. RESULTADOS: Foram 566 entrevistados. Destes, 155 (27,4%) usavam lente de contato. Das lentes de contato usadas, 94,8% eram gelatinosas, e em 98,7% o grau era negativo. O descarte dessas lentes era mensal em 46,9% dos entrevistados e 63,9% a utilizavam, em média, 14 horas/dia. Faziam aquisição da lente de contato em óptica ou farmácia 14,1% dos estudantes. Faziam a higiene ao colocá-las e ao retirá-las dos olhos, 46,5%. As complicações referentes aos olhos vermelhos eram 51,0%; 44,5%, embaçamento; e 42,6%, sensação de corpo estranho, além de 4 estudantes relatarem ceratite. CONCLUSÕES: A maioria dos alunos utilizava lentes hidrofílicas, descarte mensal e grau negativo. A adaptação inadequada, aquisição de lentes de contato em ópticas ou farmácias e complicações graves ocorreram, mesmo nos usuários socioculturalmente considerados diferenciados. em vista disso, demanda a extrema necessidade de maior atenção na abordagem do tema em questão, a fim de prevenir o comprometimento visual permanente.

Estudo quantitativo da lágrima pelo teste de fenol vermelho na população brasileira

Purpose: To detect normal values of red phenol thread test in the Brazilian population and compare it between different races, age and sex. Methods: 280 white individuals (560 eyes) and 280 non-white individuals (560 eyes) were analyzed regarding sex and age, and analyzed using the Phenol Red test. Individuals with ocular diseases, contact lens or ocular drug users were excluded from this study. Results: Of the 1,120 evaluated eyes, the mean ± standard deviation result was 19,77±7,90 mm. Conclusion: The mean result found in this study was an intermediate value compared to the previously studied populations (Japanese and American).

Automedicação em oftalmologia

Purpose: To analyze the conditions, consequences and risks of self-medication in patients attended in ophthalmology emergency room at Hospital das Clínicas de Botucatu (UNESP). Methods: Sixty patients who had used any form of self-medication were studied according: age, sex, professional activity, mainly complain, visual acuity (best-corrected vision), who administrated the self-medication (friends/parents, pharmacy clerk, advertisement, or the person himself), sort of medication or product used (eyedrops/ointments/contact lenses), cost (R$), time expenditure to medical attention, ocular complications, risk of visual loss and final diagnose. Results: The majority of patients with self-medication were male (72%). The mean age was 40,9 years (7-77 years). Patients usually used eyedrops that they had at home and delayed 3 days to the first medical evaluation. The most frequently kind of topical eyedrop used was vasoconstrictor (17%). However, many patients even knew what kind of medication they had dropped in their eyes (21%). The great majority of the patients (68%) were exposed to the risk of visual loss. According to our results, self-medication may cause visual complications in 12% of patients, in which, 42% was related to the contact lenses fit without ophthalmologic assistance. Conclusion: The majory of the patients used medication that they had in home. The topical vasoconstrictor was the most frequently used drug, however, they did not know which medication were dropping in their eyes (21%).

Effect of weathering and thickness on roughness of acrylic resin and ocular button

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the roughness of colorless ocular button and four brands of colorless acrylic resins designed to fabricate ocular prosthesis as a function of weathering (1008 h) and different thickness (1 and 3.5 mm). Materials and methods: One-hundred-and-twenty specimens were fabricated and distributed in 12 groups. The analysis was carried out by means of digital roughness meter. Results: Data were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and Tukey test at 1% significance. The results showed that there was no statistically significant difference after the weathering period. Both the Vipi Cril acrylic resin with 3.5 mm in thickness and ocular button with 1 mm in thickness presented the lowest roughness values (0.12. Ra). Conclusion: The roughness of the acrylic resins and the ocular button was not affect by the weathering of 1008 h. However, the thickness of the specimens proved to have a major influence on roughness property. © 2010.

The use of fragments of thin veneers as a restorative therapy for anterior teeth disharmony: A case report with 3 years of follow-up

Aim: The present case report described the use of contact lens of thin porcelain veneers as a restorative therapy to solve anterior teeth disharmony. Background: Fragments of thin veneers are minimally invasive restorations with little or no dental preparation and present thickness ranging from 0.2 to 0.5 mm. They are used in case of diastema closure, small changes of teeth, color and restoration of teeth with small fractures. Case report: A 25-year-old man was admitted at a dental clinic complaining about the diastema presence on the upper anterior teeth. Patient was referred to an orthodontic treatment in order to provide better distribution of the diastemas and harmonious proportion of the teeth. Afterwards, contact lens of thin porcelain veneers were fabricated on the six upper anterior teeth. Conclusion: Based on the outcomes of this clinical report, we considered the use of fragments of thin veneers as a successful treatment option after 3 years of follow-up. Clinical significance: The fragments of thin veneers have been established to be an interesting alternative to esthetically restore the anterior teeth with minimal invasiveness. However, since it is a new treatment modality, longitudinal studies are necessary to understand the material's behavior.

Lente de contato biossintética com liberação gradual de ofloxacina para tratamento de ceratite experimental por Staphylococcus aureus em cães

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Color stability of the artificial iris button in an ocular prosthesis before and after acrylic resin polymerization

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Stability and collapse of a hybrid Bose-Einstein condensate of atoms and molecules

The dynamics of stability and collapse of a trapped atomic Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) coupled to a molecular one is studied using the time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) equation including a nonlinear interaction term which can transform two atoms into a molecule and vice versa. We find an interesting oscillation of the number of atoms and molecules for a BEC of fixed mass. This oscillation is a consequence of continuous transformation in the condensate of two atoms into a molecule and vice versa. For the study of collapse an absorptive contact interaction and an imaginary quartic three-body recombination term are included in the GP equation. It is possible to have a collapse of one or both components when one or more of the nonlinear terms in the GP equation are attractive in nature, respectively.

Siloxane-polypropyleneoxide hybrid ormolytes: structure-ionic conductivity relationships

Siloxane-polypropyleneoxide (PPO) hybrids doped with sodium perchlorate (NaClO4) obtained by the sol-gel process were prepared with two PPO molecular weights (2000 and 4000 g/mol) and two sodium concentrations such as [O]/[Na] = 4 and 15 (O being the ether-type oxygen of PPO chains). The structure of these hybrids was investigated by Na-23 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the sodium K-edge (1071.8 eV) whereas complex impedance spectroscopy was used to determine their ionic conductivity. Three sodium sites were determined by NMR. The conjunction of NMR and X-ray absorption results allows us to identify one site in which Na is in a NaCl structure, a second one in which Na is in contact with perchlorate anions. The third site is attributed to mobile sodium species in interaction with the polymeric chain. The relative proportion of the different sites in the materials determines the ionic conductivity of the materials at room temperature: the largest ionic conductivity is 8.9 x 10(-6) Omega(-1) cm(-1) and is observed on the material with the larger amount (at least 85%) of sites in which sodium interacts with the polymer. (C) 2002 Elsevier B.V. B.V. All rights reserved.

Strong selection against hybrids at a hybrid zone in the Ensatina ring species complex and its evolutionary implications

The analysis of interactions between lineages at varying levels of genetic divergence can provide insights into the process of speciation through the accumulation of incompatible mutations. Ring species, and especially the Ensatina eschscholtzii system exemplify this approach. The plethodontid salamanders E. eschscholtzii xanthoptica and E. eschscholtzii platensis hybridize in the central Sierran foothills of California. We compared the genetic structure across two transects (southern and northern Calaveras Co.), one of which was resampled over 20 years, and examined diagnostic molecular markers (eight allozyme loci and mitochondrial DNA) and a diagnostic quantitative trait (color pattern). Key results across all studies were: (1) cline centers for all markers were coincident and the zones were narrow, with width estimates of 730 m to 2000 m; (2) cline centers at the northern Calaveras transect were coincident between 1981 and 2001, demonstrating repeatability over five generations; (3) there were very few if any putative F1s, but a relatively high number of backcrossed individuals in the central portion of transects: and (4) we found substantial linkage disequilibrium in all three studies and strong heterozygote deficit both in northern Calaveras, in 2001, and southern Calaveras. Both linkage disequilibrium and heterozygote deficit showed maximum values near the center of the zones. Using estimates of cline width and dispersal, we infer strong selection against hybrids. This is sufficient to promote accumulation of differences at loci that are neutral or under divergent selection, but would still allow for introgression of adaptive alleles. The evidence for strong but incomplete isolation across this centrally located contact is consistent with theory suggesting a gradual increase in postzygotic incompatibility between allopatric populations subject to divergent selection and reinforces the value of Ensatina as a system for the study of divergence and speciation at multiple stages. © 2005 The Society for the Study of Evolution. All rights reserved.

Hybrid nanocomposites containing carboxymethylcellulose and silver nanoparticles

Silver nanoparticles have high temperature stability and low volatility, and at the nanoscale are known to be an effective antifungal and antimicrobial agent. The present investigation involves the synthesis of silver nanoparticle/carboxymethylcellulose nanocomposites. The nanoparticles synthesised in this study had sizes in the range of 100 and 40 nm. The nanocomposites formed by a combination of metallic nanoparticles and carboxymethylcellulose were characterised by contact angle measurements, solubility tests, thermal and mechanical analyses, and morphological images. Improvements in the hydrophobic properties were observed with inclusion of the nanoparticles in the nanocomposites, with the best results occurring after the addition of 40 nm nanoparticles in a carboxymethylcellulose matrix. The silver nanoparticles tend to occupy the empty spaces in the pores of the carboxymethylcellulose matrix, inducing the collapse of these pores and thereby improving the tensile and barrier properties of the film. Copyright © 2013 American Scientific Publishers All rights reserved.