A Sorocabana Railway Company: a relação de uma empresa ferroviária privada com as diretrizes governamentais (1907-1919)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

O transporte ferroviário no nordeste brasileiro e o potencial de desenvolvimento do sudoeste do Estado do Piauí

Pós-graduação em Geografia - IGCE

O centenário da ferrovia brasileira (1954): ensaio sobre a elabo-ração da memória ferroviária no Brasil

In 1954, it was celebrated the centenary of railways in Brazil. The date refers to the first section of 14.5 km of railway in Brazil (30/04/1854), in Rio de Janeiro, between Mauá and Fragoso, of the Petropolis Railway Company (Estrada de Ferro Petrópolis). Some of the texts and commemorative events indicated the symbolic values that the railroad took in the Brazilian history. Firstly, on 30.04.1954, the railway section Mauá-Fragoso and steam locomotive “Baroness” (the first used on the track) were declared national monuments(Decree No. 35,447-A, April 30, 1954). Secondly, some entities (Clube de Engenharia, Conselho Nacional de Geografia, Ministério da Viação e Obras Públicas) highlighted the importance of celebrating the Brazilian railway history and its historical significance, economic and geographical. For this, some events was occurred (the commemoration of one hundred years in Rio de Janeiro and Recife on 30.04.1954). Among the texts wrought produced, we highlight the text I Centenary of Brazilian Railroad (1954), released by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística), and the National Council of Geography (Conselho Nacional de Geografia). The emphasis given to the railway refersto the geographical perspective (territorial expansion), but also makes mention of the Barãode Mauá, the founder of Petropolis Railway Company. We aim to understand the celebration from evocations about the Brazilian railroad history and some ideas that is assigned to the railway (and the Barãode Mauá), and railway heritage (the track and the locomotive “Baroneza”). On basis of this review will seek to understand how it was reconceived the railroad memory in view of these values and material elements.

Taxonomic comments and an identification key to species for the Smooth-hound sharks genus Mustelus Link, 1790 (Chondrichthyes: Triakidae) from the Western South Atlantic.

Five species of smooth-hound sharks genus Mustelus (Family Triakidae) are know in the western South Atlantic, as follows: Mustelus canis (Mitchell 1815); Mustelus fasciatus (Garman 1913); Mustelus higmani Springer & Lowe 1963; Mustelus norrisi Springer 1939; and Mustelus schmitti Springer 1939. In the present paper, new data on the anatomy, morphometrics and meristic characters are given. Taxonomic aspects and comparison between the species are discussed. Most general body morphologic measurements and proportions are useless as a tool for species identification, since many of them show remarkable intraspecific variations. Head proportions and structures related seem to be a more adequate procedure to identify the species of Mustelus. The labial folds proportions, internasal distance and orbit diameter were the most useful character to separate the western South Atlantic species. The buccopharingeal pattern of denticles as well as tooth counts not was useful to distinguish the Mustelus species from western South Atlantic adequately, due great intraspecific variation.

Comparison of body size, relative growth and size at onset sexual maturity of Uca uruguayensis (Crustacea: Decapoda: Ocypodidae) from different latitudes in the south-western Atlantic

Some crustaceans show variations of their reproductive biology within their geographical distribution, and knowledge about such variations is important for the comprehension of their reproductive adaptations. This study compared two populations of the fiddler crab Uca uruguayensis from two locations on the south-western Atlantic coast: Ubatuba Bay, São Paulo, Brazil and Samborombón Bay, Buenos Aires, Argentina. The population features analysed were the body size variation (carapace width = CW) and the size at the onset of sexual maturity (SOM) in order to test the hypothesis that the size at SOM, should be the same in relative terms (RSOM), independently of the latitudinal position. In the Brazilian population the CW ranged from 4.18 to 11.60 mm for males and 3.90 to 9.80 mm for females, and in the Argentinean population from 3.60 to 14.10 mm for males and 2.85 to 12.00 mm for females. In the Brazilian population the SOM was 7.1 (RSOM = 0.58) and 5.9 mm CW (RSOM = 0.57) for males and females, respectively, and in the Argentinean population it was 7.0 (RSOM = 0.42) and 6.75 mm CW (RSOM = 0.53) for males and females, respectively. This fact is probably related to a great plasticity in the life history features of Uca uruguayensis under different environmental conditions. © 2012 Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom.