The licensing of a laboratory for manipulating radionuclides in Brazil

Radionuclides take a major role in guidelines of environmental agencies/national organizations of countries worldwide. In Brazil, CNEN-Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear is responsible for managing all subjects related to nuclear energy in the country. Thus, laboratories employing radionuclides for the development of their activities must submit a Radioprotection Plan to CNEN in order to get an operation license. Such plan must indicate that the laboratory is exempt of risks to the people involved and designed to fit all related environmental aspects. This was the case of LABIDRO-Hydrochemical and Isotopes Laboratory that belongs to IGCE-Geosciences and Exact Sciences Institute from UNESP - the University of the State of São Paulo Júlio de Mesquita Filho, located at Rio Claro city, São Paulo State, Brazil. The total monthly activity of the radionuclides utilized during the laboratorial activities held at LABIDRO corresponds to 0.01 μCi. This paper describes all information provided by LABIDRO in order to get the CNEN license. The LABIDRO plan also showed the expected radioactive waste released when the experiments take place and CNEN decided that it fits the guidelines established by Brazilian legislation. Therefore, LABIDRO received its license for utilizing radionuclides, which is valid until September 2016. © 2013 WIT Press.

Atividade na pré-escola: concepções teóricas e prática docente

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Professores de Street Dance do Estado de São Paulo: formação e saberes

This research of qualitative nature, aimed to analyze the formation and knowledges of the teachers of Street Dance from the State of São Paulo. Reviewing the literarature it was approached the conceptions of culture, "Hip Hop Culture", and Street Dance. Also, some studies referred to the professional formation in dance and Physical Education; acting in dance by the teacher of Physical Education; and professional academic formation and/or experimental. The approaching method was the story of the time at present. The technique: interview semi-structured. According to the analysis of the statements: a) we noticed that no one of the interviewers show academic formation in dance; a small part is graduated in Physical Education, and the majority act as authorized teachers by the CREF and/ or DRT; b) we verified that the teaching of Street Dance is determined by experimental knowledges. The Street Dance shows itself as a process of constitution, and the formation and the knowledges to its teaching did not show systematization.

Qualidade de vida e saúde física e mental de médicos: uma autoavaliação por egressos da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu - UNESP

OBJETIVO: O presente artigo teve como objetivo analisar resultados de autoavaliações em termos de qualidade de vida (QV), saúde física (SF) e saúde mental (SM) realizadas por ex-alunos do curso de medicina de uma universidade pública brasileira, associando-se tais indicadores a dados demográficos e diversas dimensões da atuação profissional. MÉTODOS: estudo de corte transversal que teve como população-alvo todos os egressos da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu (UNESP) no período de 1968 a 2005, utilizando-se um questionário autoaplicável, respondido por correio ou internet. RESULTADOS: Dos 2.864 questionários enviados, 1.224 (45%) foram respondidos. Tanto a QV como SF e SM foram avaliadas como boa ou muito boa por 67,8%, 78,8% e 84,5% dos participantes, respectivamente. Nos modelos finais de regressão logística, associaram-se a avaliação favorável de QV: ter boa SF e SM, frequentar congressos regulamente, ter tempo suficiente de lazer e estar satisfeito com a profissão. SF boa ou muito boa associou-se independentemente com QV e SM positivas, faixa de renda mais alta, prática regular de atividades físicas e nunca ter fumado. SM favorável permaneceu associada com satisfação profissional, tempo para lazer, e boa avaliação da QV e da SF. CONCLUSÕES: Entre os médicos egressos da UNESP, SF e SM foram aspectos indissociáveis e também relacionados à QV. Bons hábitos, como praticar atividades físicas, ter tempo para lazer e não fumar foram associados à melhor avaliação da saúde em geral e devem ser incentivados. A satisfação profissional teve um peso importante no bem-estar emocional relatado pelos participantes.

Da percepção de impotência à luta por justiça na assistência à saúde

A busca por espaços comunicativos para reflexão sobre o exercício e a prática da enfermagem, usando referenciais bioéticos, teve o objetivo de apreender como os enfermeiros participantes do estudo interpretam a realidade da sua prática perante a observância da justiça. Utilizou-se a técnica de grupo focal para coleta de dados e, para análise, a Grounded Theory. Foram identificados três fenômenos: conceituando senso de justiça; sentindo-se impotente em conviver com iniquidades/injustiças; movendo-se em direção às lutas por justiça. da inter-relação deles, emergiu a categoria central: construindo mecanismos de superação de injustiças e iniquidades que minam a qualidade da assistência de enfermagem: a experiência de enfermeiros recém-formados em um hospital estadual do interior paulista. A estratégia de grupo focal mostrou-se muito adequada à consecução dos objetivos propostos, e a Grounded Theory permitiu a compreensão do movimento empreendido pelos enfermeiros nessa experiência.

Percepção de enfermeiros recém graduados sobre sua autonomia profissional e sobre o processo de tomada de decisão do paciente

O estudo foi realizado junto a enfermeiros recém-graduados que atuam em um hospital público com os objetivos de descrever a percepção destes sobre sua autonomia profissional e sobre o processo de tomada de decisão do paciente. A estratégia adotada para obtenção dos dados foi a de grupo focal e o referencial metodológico a Grounded Theory. Dos resultados emergiram dois fenômenos: 1) Percebendo a fragilidade da autonomia do enfermeiro e do paciente. 2) Movendo-se em direção ao fortalecimento da autonomia do enfermeiro e do paciente. Isto possibilitou a identificação da categoria central: movimento empreendido por enfermeiros recém formados em direção ao fortalecimento de sua autonomia profissional e da autonomia do paciente. A compreensão da experiência nos permitiu ampliar o conhecimento sobre os enfrentamentos dos enfermeiros recém formados, favorecendo nossa atuação como professores de enfermagem.

Caracterização imunofenotípica e avaliação quantitativa do infiltrado linfocítário junto às áreas de displasia epitelial da próstata de cães adultos sexualmente intactos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Evaluation of the radiopacity of calcium hydroxide- and glass-ionomer-based root canal sealers

Aim To evaluate the radiopacity of calcium hydroxide-based root canal sealers (Acroseal, Sealapex and Sealer 26), a glass-ionomer-based sealer (Activ GP Sealer) and a zinc oxide and eugenol-based sealer (Intrafill).Methodology Five disc-shaped specimens (10 x 1 mm) were fabricated from each material, according to the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 6876/2001 standard. After setting of the materials, radiographs were taken using occlusal films and a graduated aluminum step-wedge varying from 2 to 16 mm in thickness. The dental X-ray unit (GE1000) was set at 50 Kvp, 10 mA, 18 pulses s(-1) and distance of 33.5 cm. The radiographs were digitized and the radiopacity compared with that of the aluminum step-wedge, using WIXWIN-2000 software (Gendex). Data (mm Al) were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey test.Results Intrafill was the most radiopaque material (7.67 mm Al) followed by Sealer 26 (6.33 mm Al), Sealapex (6.05 mm Al) and Acroseal (4.03 mm Al). Activ GP was the least radiopaque material (1.95 mm Al, P < 0.05).Conclusions The sealers evaluated in this study had different radiopacities. However, except for the glass-ionomer-based sealer, all materials had radiopacity values above the minimum recommended by the ISO standard.

Radiopacity evaluation of new root canal filling materials by digitalization of images

The aim of this study was to evaluate the radiopacity of five root canal filling materials (AH Plus, Intrafill, Roeko Seal, Epiphany, and EndoRez). Following the International Organization of Standardization 687612001, five circular specimens (10 X 1 mm) were made from each material. After the material set, radiographs were made using occlusal film and a graduated aluminum step-wedge varying in thickness from 2 to 16 mm. The dental X-ray unit (GE1000) was set at 50 Kvp, 10 mA, 18 pulses/second, and distance of 33.5 cm. The radiographs were digitized, and the radiopacity was compared with the aluminum step-wedge, using WIXWIN-2000 software (Gendex). Data (mm Al) were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey tests. AH Plus and Epiphany were the most radiopaque materials (9.8 and 8.8 mm Al, respectively), followed by EndoRez (7.2 mm Al). Roeko Seal and Intrafill presented the lowest radiopacity values (5.7 and 6.1 mm Al, respectively). Although the materials evaluated demonstrated different radiopacities, all had values above the minimum recommended by the international Organization of Standardization.

Assessment of the Ability to Relate Anterior Tooth Form and Arrangement to Gender

Purpose: This study evaluated the assumption that there are morphological differences between the natural anterior dentition of men and women. The goal of the study was to determine the gender of patients based on the appearance of the anterior teeth in photographs. Materials and Methods: Laymen and observers from different specialties were asked to determine the gender of individuals based on the shape and arrangement of anterior teeth. Forty anterior dentition photographs of dental students of both genders (20 women, 20 men) between 18 and 26 years old were selected, coded, and randomly arranged in an album. The albums were delivered to five groups of observers: general practitioners (recently graduated dentists), prosthodontists, orthodontists, restorative dentists (specialists in cosmetic and restorative dentistry), and laymen (control group). The observers evaluated the photographs twice at 1-week intervals. Results: The average correctly identified values in women and men were 57.6% and 58.8%, respectively. There was no statistical difference between observers and between each group of professionals and the laymen group (p > 0.05). An intraobserver agreement was not observed between the evaluations (kappa =-0.01). Conclusion: The results of this limited study indicated that it was not possible to differentiate gender by viewing photographs of anterior teeth.

Radiographic effect of different radiopacifiers on a potential retrograde filling material

Objective. The objective of this study was to evaluate the radiopacity of white Portland cement (PC) associated with bismuth oxide (Bi(2)O(3)), barium sulfate (BaSO(4)), iodoform (CHI(3)), and zirconium oxide (ZrO(2)). White mineral trioxide aggregate (WMTA) and PC without radiopacifier were used as positive and negative controls, respectively.Study design. Following International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 6876/2001, 5 circular specimens (10 x 1 mm) were made from each material. After the materials set, radiographs were taken using occlusal film and a graduated aluminum step-wedge varying in thickness from 2 to 16 mm. The dental X-ray unit (GE1000) was set at 50 Kvp, 10 mA, 18 pulses/s, and distance of 33.5 cm. The radiographs were digitized, and radiopacity was compared with the aluminum step-wedge, using Wixwin-2000 software (Gendex). Data (mm Al) were analyzed using analysis of variance and Tukey tests.Results. The PC + Bi(2)O(3) and WMTA samples presented greater radiopacity (5.88 and 5.72 mm Al, respectively), followed by PC + ZrO(2) (3.87 mm Al) and PC + CHI(3) (3.50 mm Al). The PC + BaSO(4) and PC samples presented the lowest radiopacity values (2.35 and 1.69 mm Al, respectively), which were below the minimum value recommended by the ISO.Conclusion. Analysis of the present results led to the conclusion that all of the materials tested presented acceptable radiopacity, except PC + BaSO(4) and pure PC. (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2009; 108: 628-632)

Radiopacity of Portland Cement Associated With Different Radiopacifying Agents

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Dispersal and predation behavior in larvae of Chrysomya albiceps and Chrysomya megacephala (Diptera : Calliphoridae)

Chrysomya albiceps and Chrysomya megacephala are exotic blowfly species known by producing myiasis in humans and other animals and by transmitting pathogens mechanically. C. albiceps stand out by being a facultative predator of other dipteran larvae. In this paper we investigated the influence of larval predation on the dispersal of larvae of C. albiceps and C. megacephala single and double species for three photophases. An experimental acrylic channel graduated and covered with wood shavings was used to observe the larval dispersal. The results showed that C. albiceps attacks C. megacephala larvae during dispersal and keeps an aggregated pattern close to the release point, in single and double species, independently of the different photophases. Chrysomya megacephala single species exhibited the same pattern, but in double species this was changed to a random distribution.

Larval dispersal and predation in experimental populations of Chrysomya albiceps and Cochliomyia macellaria (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

In this study we investigated the larval dispersal associated with larval predation in experimental populations of Chrysomya albiceps and Cochliomyia macellaria. Frequency distribution of sampling units (G test) in the substrate was used to evaluate variation in larval dispersal. An experimental acrylic channel (1 x 0.1 x 0.2 m) covered with wood shavings was used to observe larval dispersal prior to pupation. The acrylic channel was graduated at 0.05 m intervals, each representing a sampling unit; hence, 20 sampling units were set up. A Petri dish containing third instar larvae of single and double species was deposited at one edge of the acrylic channel allowing larvae to disperse. The number of buried pupae (0, 1, 2, n) present in each sampling unit was recorded. For double species, the number of recovered larvae of C. albiceps was similar to the number initially released on the dish Petri. on the other hand, the number of recovered larvae of C. macellaria was significantly smaller than the initially released number. The results show that C. albiceps attacks C. macellaria larvae during the larval dispersal process. The larval distribution of C. albiceps did not differ significantly from C. macellaria in double species, but it differed significantly in single species. The larval aggregation level of C. macellaria decreased when C. albiceps was present and the larval aggregation level of C. albiceps increased when C. macellaria was present. The implications of such findings for the population dynamics of these species are discussed.

Haptic Stabilization of Posture in Adults With Intellectual Disabilities Using a Nonrigid Tool

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)